Navajo Church | |
---|---|
Highest point | |
Elevation | 7,350 ft (2,240 m) [1] [2] |
Prominence | 340 ft (104 m) [2] |
Parent peak | Pyramid Rock [2] |
Isolation | 0.91 mi (1.46 km) [2] |
Coordinates | 35°33′27″N108°36′05″W / 35.5575220°N 108.6014696°W [3] |
Geography | |
Location | Navajo Nation |
Country | United States |
State | New Mexico |
County | McKinley |
Parent range | Zuñi Mountains Colorado Plateau |
Topo map | USGS Church Rock |
Geology | |
Rock age | Late Jurassic |
Rock type | Morrison Formation [4] |
Climbing | |
Easiest route | class 5+ climbing [2] |
Navajo Church is a 7,350-foot-elevation (2,240-meter) pillar in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States.
Navajo Church is part of the Zuñi Mountains. [1] The landmark is located seven miles (11 km) east-northeast of Gallup and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the town of Church Rock, which is named after the landform. Topographic relief is modest as the summit rises 550 feet (168 meters) above Red Rock State Park in 0.6 mile (1 km). A 2.2 mile (round-trip) hiking trail leads to, and around, the base of the spires. [5] Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains to the Puerco River. Navajo Church is a sacred place to the Navajo people. [6] This landform's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. [3]
The three spires of Navajo Church are composed of the Westwater Canyon Member of the Morrison Formation which dates to the Late Jurassic. [7] The spires rest atop a pedestal of the formation's Recapture Member. This then overlays Zuni Sandstone which displays spectacular eolian crossbedding on the south face. Successive layers below dropping south to Red Rock Park include Bluff Sandstone, Summerville Formation, and Entrada Sandstone. [8] [9]
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Navajo Church is located in a cool semiarid climate zone (Köppen BSk). [10] The summers are hot during the day, but the high altitude and low humidity mean that nights remain distinctly cool. Most rain falls in the summer from afternoon thunderstorms, and winter snow is common and sometimes heavy.
The Painted Desert is a United States desert of badlands in the Four Corners area, running from near the east end of Grand Canyon National Park and southeast into Petrified Forest National Park. It is most easily accessed from the north portion of Petrified Forest National Park. The Painted Desert is known for its brilliant and varied colors: these include the more common red rock, but also shades of lavender.
The Entrada Sandstone is a formation in the San Rafael Group found in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Colorado, northwest New Mexico, northeast Arizona, and southeast Utah. Part of the Colorado Plateau, this formation was deposited during the Jurassic Period sometime between 180 and 140 million years ago in various environments, including tidal mudflats, beaches, and sand dunes. The Middle Jurassic San Rafael Group was dominantly deposited as ergs in a desert environment around the shallow Sundance Sea.
The geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area includes nine known exposed formations, all visible in Zion National Park in the U.S. state of Utah. Together, these formations represent about 150 million years of mostly Mesozoic-aged sedimentation in that part of North America. Part of a super-sequence of rock units called the Grand Staircase, the formations exposed in the Zion and Kolob area were deposited in several different environments that range from the warm shallow seas of the Kaibab and Moenkopi formations, streams and lakes of the Chinle, Moenave, and Kayenta formations to the large deserts of the Navajo and Temple Cap formations and dry near shore environments of the Carmel Formation.
Ute Mountain, also known as Ute Peak or Sleeping Ute Mountain, is a peak within the Ute Mountains, a small mountain range in the southwestern corner of Colorado. It is on the northern edge of the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe Reservation. The Reservation forms the southwestern corner of the state and of Montezuma County.
The Navajo Sandstone is a geological formation in the Glen Canyon Group that is spread across the U.S. states of southern Nevada, northern Arizona, northwest Colorado, and Utah as part of the Colorado Plateau province of the United States.
The Chinle Formation is an Upper Triassic continental geological formation of fluvial, lacustrine, and palustrine to eolian deposits spread across the U.S. states of Nevada, Utah, northern Arizona, western New Mexico, and western Colorado. In New Mexico, it is often raised to the status of a geological group, the Chinle Group. Some authors have controversially considered the Chinle to be synonymous to the Dockum Group of eastern Colorado and New Mexico, western Texas, the Oklahoma panhandle, and southwestern Kansas. The Chinle Formation is part of the Colorado Plateau, Basin and Range, and the southern section of the Interior Plains. A probable separate depositional basin within the Chinle is found in northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah. The southern portion of the Chinle reaches a maximum thickness of a little over 520 meters (1,710 ft). Typically, the Chinle rests unconformably on the Moenkopi Formation.
The Acoma-Zuni Section is a physiographic section of the larger Colorado Plateaus province, which in turn is part of the larger Intermontane Plateaus physiographic division. It is bounded on the east by the Albuquerque Basin, a Rio Grande Rift basin in the northern part of the Basin and Range Province. The Datil-Mogollon Section lies to the south. It is also a newly defined physiographic unit that includes the northern part of the area previously designated the Datil Section. The southeastern edge of the Colorado Plateau from Springerville, Arizona, northeastward to the tip of the Sierra Nacimiento comprises this area.
Mount Kinesava is a 7,285-foot (2,220 m) sandstone mountain summit located in Zion National Park, in Washington County of southwest Utah, United States.
Owl Rock is a 6,547-foot elevation sandstone summit located south of Monument Valley, in northeast Arizona. It is situated 7 miles (11 km) north of Kayenta on Navajo Nation land, and can be seen from Highway 163 perched on the east edge of Tyende Mesa, where it towers 1,000 feet above the surrounding terrain. Its nearest higher neighbor is Agathla Peak, 1.4 miles (2.3 km) to the east-northeast, on the opposite side of this highway. Precipitation runoff from this feature drains into El Capitan Wash, which is part of the San Juan River drainage basin. The first ascent of Owl Rock was made in April 1966 by Fred Beckey and Harvey Carter by climbing cracks on the west face, and then bolting up a smooth south nose to the summit. They employed 20 pitons and 14 bolts on this route called Warpath. The descriptive name stems from its uncanny resemblance to an owl when viewed from the east. This feature is known as Bee 'Adizí in Navajo language meaning "spindle", and this sacred place is considered to be a spindle left behind by the Holy People. A newer name for it is Tsé Ts'óózí, meaning "Slim Rock".
Window Blind Peak is a 7,030-foot-elevation (2,143-meter) summit located in the San Rafael Swell of Emery County, Utah, U.S. Towering 1,800 feet above its surrounding terrain, it is the highest point of the Mexican Mountain Wilderness Study Area. Ownership is administered by the Bureau of Land Management. It is situated 2.1 miles (3.4 km) southeast of Bottleneck Peak, 1.52 miles (2.45 km) south of Assembly Hall Peak, and the nearest higher neighbor is Cedar Mountain, 8.95 miles (14.40 km) to the north-northeast. Precipitation runoff from this feature drains north into the nearby San Rafael River. The first ascent of this peak was made September 23, 1973, by Jim Langdon, Dale Black, and Dave Palmer via the West Face.
LeChee Rock is a 5,900-foot-elevation (1,800 m) sandstone feature located south of Lake Powell, in Coconino County of northern Arizona. It is situated nine miles (14 km) east-southeast of the town of Page, eight miles (13 km) east of the community of LeChee, and 7.5 miles (12.1 km) south of Tower Butte, on Navajo Nation land, where it towers over 900 feet (270 m) above the surrounding terrain as a landmark of the area. It can be seen from nearby Arizona State Route 98, or from as far away as Alstrom Point. LeChee (Łichíí) in Navajo language means red, referring to burgundy-colored leaves of a medicinal plant. The spelling for this geographical feature's name was officially adopted in 2004 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, prior to that it was officially Leche-e Rock.
Eagle Crags is a 6,380-foot (1,940 m) elevation summit located in the Canaan Mountain Wilderness of Washington County in southwest Utah, United States.
Square Butte is a 7,140-foot-elevation (2,180 m) sandstone summit located on Navajo Nation land, in Coconino County of northern Arizona. It is situated 35 miles southeast of the town of Page, and nine miles (14 km) east of Kaibito, where it towers over 700 feet (210 m) above the surrounding terrain as a landmark alongside Arizona State Route 98. Square Butte is known as Tsé Dikʼání in Navajo language, meaning "square rock." Its nearest higher neighbor is White Mesa, two miles (3.2 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from Square Butte drains to northwest into Square Butte Wash or northeast into Potato Canyon, then ultimately Lake Powell, all part of the Colorado River drainage basin. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Square Butte is located in an arid climate zone with hot, very dry summers, and chilly winters. Spring and fall are the most favorable seasons to visit. The top of Square Butte is composed of Entrada Sandstone including the Cow Springs Member, and it overlays Carmel Formation, all of which was deposited in the Jurassic period.
Mount Logan is an 8,413-foot-elevation (2,564-meter) mountain summit located in Garfield County, Colorado, United States. This peak is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the community of De Beque, and 31 miles (50 km) northeast of Grand Junction. Interstate 70 traverses the southeast base of the mountain. Precipitation runoff from this landform drains into the Colorado River, and topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,500 feet above the river in three miles (4.8 km). The mountain and surrounding area is controlled by the Bureau of Land Management. This landform's toponym has appeared in publications since at least 1913, and has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
Pyramid Rock is a 7,487-foot-elevation (2,282-meter) pillar in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States.
Deer Trail Mountain is a 10,972-foot-elevation (3,344-meter) mountain summit in Piute County, Utah, United States.
Eagle Mesa is a 6,624-foot-elevation (2,019-meter) summit in San Juan County, Utah, United States.
Spearhead Mesa is a 5,998-foot-elevation (1,828-meter) summit in Navajo County, Arizona, United States.
De Gaulle and His Troops is a 5,540-foot-elevation (1,689-meter) summit in San Juan County, Utah, United States.
Round Rock is a 6,310-foot-elevation (1,923-meter) summit in Apache County, Arizona, United States.