Zeffiro | |
Class overview | |
---|---|
Name | Nembo class |
Builders | Pattison, Naples |
Operators | Regia Marina |
Preceded by | Lampo class |
Succeeded by | Soldato class |
Built | 1899–1905 |
In commission | 1902–1924 |
Completed | 6 |
Lost | 3 |
Scrapped | 3 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Destroyer |
Displacement |
|
Length | |
Beam | 5.94 m (19 ft 6 in) |
Draught | 2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) |
Propulsion |
|
Speed | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
Complement | 55 |
Armament | Nembo and Turbine:
Remaining ships:
|
The Nembo class was a class of destroyer of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy). Six destroyers were built by the Pattison shipyard of Naples between 1899 and 1905, to a design based on the contemporary destroyers of the British shipyard Thornycroft. They were active in the Italo-Turkish War and in the First World War, where three were lost.
In 1899, work began at the Pattison shipyard of Naples on the first ships of a new class of destroyers, the Nembo class. [1] The Nembo class were based on a design by the British shipbuilders Thornycroft, and were similar to the Thirty-knotter destroyers that Thornycroft were building for the British Royal Navy (such as HMS Stag). [2]
The ships were 64.0 metres (210 ft 0 in) long overall and 63.39 metres (208 ft 0 in) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 5.94 metres (19 ft 6 in) and a draught of 2.29 metres (7 ft 6 in). Displacement was 325 long tons (330 t) normal and 380 long tons (390 t) full load. [3] Three Thornycroft boilers fed steam to two triple expansion steam engines rated at 5,000 indicated horsepower (3,700 kW) and driving two propeller shafts, giving a design speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph). [3] [4] The ships featured a raised turtleback [lower-alpha 1] forecastle and two funnels. [6] Crew was between 51 and 58 officers and men. [4]
The first two ships of the class, Nembo and Turbine were armed with one 76 mm (3 in)/40 calibre gun (capable of firing a 5.9 kilograms (13 lb) shell to a range of 9,850 metres (32,320 ft) at a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute per gun [7] ) and five 57 mm/43 guns, with two 356 mm (14 in) torpedo tubes, [3] while the remaining four ships had a reduced gun armament of five 57 mm/43 guns, allowing an increased torpedo armament of four 356 mm torpedo tubes to be carried. [3]
The six ships of the class were completed between 1902 and 1905, reaching speeds of up to 30.2 knots (55.9 km/h; 34.8 mph) during sea trials (corresponding to a realistic sea speed of 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)). [8]
Nembo and Turbine were rearmed in 1905 to match the other four ships. [3] From 1908, all ships of the class were fitted with new oil-fired boilers, with a resulting change in the ships' profile, with three funnels being fitted rather than two. Sufficient oil was carried to give a range of 330 nautical miles (610 km; 380 mi) at 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph) or 2,200 nautical miles (4,100 km; 2,500 mi) at 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph). The ships' armament was changed at the same time, to four 76 mm/40 guns and two 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes. [4]
The ships of the class were active during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912. [9] They were fitted for minelaying, with a capacity of 10–16 mines during the First World War, during which three destroyers were lost. [3] Following the end of the war, the remaining three ships had a boiler removed, with the consequent loss of a funnel, together with a 76 mm gun, and were reclassified as torpedo boats. [4]
Ship | Laid down [8] | Launched [8] | Completed [8] | Operational History |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nembo | 6 August 1899 | 18 May 1901 | 26 June 1902 | Torpedoed by Austro-Hungarian submarine U-16 on 17 October 1916. [10] [lower-alpha 2] |
Turbine | 20 August 1899 | 21 November 1901 | 28 August 1902 | Sunk by Austro-Hungarian cruiser Helgoland and destroyers Csepel, Tátra and Lika on 24 May 1915. [10] |
Aquilone | 10 September 1899 | 16 October 1902 | 12 October 1903 | Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 4 March 1923. [4] |
Borea | 2 October 1899 | 12 December 1902 | 6 October 1903 | Sunk by Austro-Hungarian destroyers Csepel and Balaton 14/15 May 1917. [4] |
Zeffiro | 14 May 1904 | 1 April 1905 | Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 13 March 1923. [10] | |
Espero | 9 July 1904 | 1 April 1905 | Renamed Turbine 16 January 1921. Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 5 April 1923. [4] |
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