Octafluoropropane

Last updated
Octafluoropropane
Octafluoropropane.png
Octafluoropropane 3D ball.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Octafluoropropane
Other names
Freon 218
Perfluoropropane
RC 218, PFC 218
R-218
Flutec PP30
Genetron 218
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.857 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
KEGG
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • TZ5255000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C3F8/c4-1(5,2(6,7)8)3(9,10)11 Yes check.svgY
    Key: QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C3F8/c4-1(5,2(6,7)8)3(9,10)11
    Key: QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYAL
  • FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F
Properties
C3F8
Molar mass 188.020 g·mol−1
AppearanceColorless gas
Density 8.17 g/L
Melting point −147.6 °C (−233.7 °F; 125.5 K)
Boiling point −36.7 °C (−34.1 °F; 236.5 K)
Critical point (T, P)345.05 K (71.90 °C), 26.8 bar
Vapor pressure 792 kPa (21.1 °C) [1]
Thermal conductivity 13.8 mW/(m·K) [1]
Viscosity 0.000125 Poise (0 °C) [1]
Structure
0.014  D
Thermochemistry
149 J/(mol·K)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Simple asphyxiant and greenhouse gas
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-bottle.svg
H280
P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard SA: Simple asphyxiant gas. E.g. nitrogen, helium
1
0
0
SA
Flash point N/A
Related compounds
Related halocarbons
Tetrafluoromethane
Hexafluoroethane
Related compounds
Propane
Supplementary data page
Octafluoropropane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Octafluoropropane (C3F8) is the perfluorocarbon counterpart to the hydrocarbon propane. This non-flammable and non-toxic synthetic substance has applications in semiconductor production and medicine. It is also an extremely potent greenhouse gas.

Contents

Manufacture

Octafluoropropane can be produced either by electrochemical fluorination or by the Fowler process using cobalt fluoride. [2]

Applications

In the electronics industry, octafluoropropane is mixed with oxygen and used as a plasma etching material for SiO2 layers in semiconductor applications, as oxides are selectively etched versus their metal substrates. [3]

In medicine, octafluoropropane may compose the gas cores of microbubble contrast agents used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Octafluoropropane microbubbles reflect sound waves well and are used to improve the ultrasound signal backscatter.

It is used in eye surgery, such as pars plana vitrectomy procedures where a retina hole or tear is repaired. The gas provides a long-term tamponade, or plug, of a retinal hole or tear and allows re-attachment of the retina to occur over the several days following the procedure.

Under the name R-218, octafluoropropane is used in other industries as a component of refrigeration mixtures.

It has been featured in some plans for terraforming Mars. With a greenhouse gas effect 24,000 times greater than carbon dioxide (CO2), octafluoropropane could dramatically reduce the time and resources it takes to terraform Mars. [4]

It is the active liquid in the detectors used in the PICO dark matter search experiment, including the under-construction PICO-500 detector.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Encyclopédie des gaz". air liquide. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
  2. Fowler RD, Buford III WB, Hamilton Jr JM, Sweet RG, Weber CE, Kasper JS, Litant I (1947). "Synthesis of Fluorocarbons". Ind. Eng. Chem. 39 (3): 292–298. doi:10.1021/ie50447a612.
  3. Coburn, J. W. (1982). "Plasma-assisted etching". Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing. 2 (1): 1–41. doi:10.1007/BF00566856. S2CID   95361338.
  4. D. Rogers (17–21 October 2005). Studies in the Future of Experimental Terraforming (PDF). 56th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation. Fukuoka, Japan: International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law.[ permanent dead link ]