| Oxycarenus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Oxycarenus lavaterae | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Heteroptera |
| Family: | Lygaeidae |
| Subfamily: | Oxycareninae |
| Genus: | Oxycarenus Fieber, 1837 |
Oxycarenus is a genus of ground bugs belonging to the family Lygaeidae, subfamily Oxycareninae. [1] There are approximately fifty-five described species of Oxycarenus, and a number are documented as important crop pests. [2]
Selected species:
Hemiptera is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from 1 mm (0.04 in) to around 15 cm (6 in), and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is often limited to the suborder Heteroptera.
The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the Heteroptera suborder of the Hemiptera order. As Hemiptera, they share a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families. Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs.
Scutelleridae is a family of true bugs. They are commonly known as jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs due to their often brilliant coloration. They are also known as shield-backed bugs due to the enlargement of the thoracic scutellum into a continuous shield over the abdomen and wings. This latter characteristic distinguishes them from most other families within Heteroptera, and may lead to misidentification as a beetle rather than a bug. These insects feed on plant juices from a variety of different species, including some commercial crops. Closely related to stink bugs, they may also produce an offensive odour when disturbed. There are around 450 species worldwide.
Sangarius is an Australian genus of shield bug in the family Acanthosomatidae. The type species is Sangarius paradoxusStål, 1866. It feeds on Hakea shrubs.
The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder Heteroptera; it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory.
The insect family Nabidae contains the damsel bugs. There are over 500 species in 20 genera. They are soft-bodied, elongate, winged terrestrial predators. Many damsel bugs catch and hold prey with their forelegs, similar to mantids. They are considered helpful species in agriculture because of their predation on many types of crop pests.
The Lygaeidae are a family in the Hemiptera, with more than 110 genera in four subfamilies. The family is commonly referred to as seed bugs, and less commonly, milkweed bugs, or ground bugs. However, while many of the species feed on seeds, some feed on sap (mucivory) or seed pods, others are omnivores and a few, such as the wekiu bug, are carnivores that feed exclusively on insects. Insects in this family are distributed across the world, including throughout North America. The family was vastly larger, but numerous former subfamilies have been removed and given independent family status, including the Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae, Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Ninidae, Oxycarenidae and Rhyparochromidae, which together constituted well over half of the former family.
Rhopalidae, or scentless plant bugs, are a family of true bugs. In older literature, the family is sometimes called "Corizidae". They differ from the related coreids in lacking well-developed scent glands. They are usually light-colored and smaller than the coreids. Some are very similar to the orsilline lygaeids, but can be distinguished by the numerous veins in the membrane of the hemelytra. They live principally on weeds, but a few are arboreal. All are plant feeders. The type genus for the family is: Rhopalus. Currently 30 genera and over 240 species of rhopalids are known. The oldest fossil rhopalids described are from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, discovered from the Haifanggou Formation. They are not considered economically important with a few species being pests of ornamental trees.
Leptopterna dolabrata, commonly known as the meadow plant bug, is an insect in the Miridae family. It is commonly found in grassy areas in almost all of Europe to the northern Mediterranean and east across Asia Minor to the Caspian Sea region. It is an adventive species in North America. It feeds on developing grass seeds, causing seed heads to shrivel and prematurely whiten. It is regarded as a pest wherever grass is grown for seed. The species has long antennae and is black coloured.
Barce is a genus of thread-legged bugs in the family Reduviidae. There are about six described species in Barce.
Oxycarenus lavaterae, common name lime seed bug, is a species of ground bug of the family Lygaeidae, subfamily Oxycareninae.
Hyocephalidae are a small family of Heteroptera which are endemic to Australia.
Tessaratomidae is a family of true bugs. It contains about 240 species of large bugs divided into 3 subfamilies and 56 genera.
Macrotylus quadrilineatus is a species of plant bug belonging to the family Miridae, subfamily Phylinae.
Deraeocoris is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae. There are at least 210 described species in Deraeocoris.
Tytthus is a genus of insects in family Miridae, the plant bugs. They are carnivorous, feeding upon the eggs of various planthoppers in the family Delphacidae, and thus are important in the biological control of pests. The genus is distributed throughout the Holarctic of the Northern Hemisphere, but species are also found in the tropics, in China, South America, Australia, and the Indo-Pacific.
Musgraveia sulciventris is a large stink bug found in Australia, sometimes known as the bronze orange bug. It is considered a pest, particularly to plants in the citrus group. Bronze orange bugs suck the sap from trees, which causes the flowers and fruit to fall.
Metopoplax ditomoides is a species of true bug in the family Oxycarenidae. Large numbers have been known to invade buildings near riparian areas during migrations from marshes.< "Pests of Landscape Trees and Shrubs." 2016. S.H. Dreistadt, J. C. Clark, T. A. Martin, M. L. Flint. University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program. Oakland: UC ANR Publication 3359, 143.>
Lyctocoridae is a reconstituted family of bugs, formerly classified within the minute pirate bugs of the family Anthocoridae. It is widely distributed, with one species, being cosmopolitan.
Oxycarenus laetus, commonly known as the dusky cotton bug, is a species of plant bug belonging to the family Lygaeidae. It is sometimes known as the Egyptian cotton stainer, and is found in southern Asia where it is a pest of cotton, okra and other crops.
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