Hieracium , known by the common name hawkweed and classically as hierakion, is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, and closely related to dandelion (Taraxacum), chicory (Cichorium), prickly lettuce (Lactuca) and sow thistle (Sonchus), which are part of the tribe Cichorieae. Hawkweeds, with their 10,000+ recorded species and subspecies, do their part to make Asteraceae the second largest family of flowering plants. Some botanists group all these species or subspecies into approximately 800 accepted species, while others prefer to accept several thousand species. Since most hawkweeds reproduce exclusively asexually by means of seeds that are genetically identical to their mother plant, clones or populations that consist of genetically identical plants are formed and some botanists prefer to accept these clones as good species whereas others try to group them into a few hundred more broadly defined species. What is here treated as the single genus Hieracium is now treated by most European experts as two different genera, Hieracium and Pilosella, with species such as Hieracium pilosella, Hieracium floribundum and Hieracium aurantiacum referred to the latter genus. Many members of the genus Pilosella reproduce both by stolons and by seeds, whereas true Hieracium species reproduce only by seeds. In Pilosella, many individual plants are capable of forming both normal sexual and asexual (apomictic) seeds, whereas individual plants of Hieracium only produce one kind of seeds. Another difference is that all species of Pilosella have leaves with smooth (entire) margins whereas most species of Hieracium have distinctly dentate to deeply cut or divided leaves.
A dry roadside dotted with small, ¾ inch red orange flowers, interspersed with very similar yellow ones, and often the white of daisies, is a good sign that you are in Hawkweed country.
Pilosella officinarum, known as mouse-ear hawkweed, is a yellow-flowered species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, native to Europe and northern Asia. It produces single, lemon-coloured inflorescences. Like most hawkweed species, it is highly variable and is a member of a species complex of several dozens of subspecies and hundreds of varieties and forms. It is an allelopathic plant.
Hieracium umbellatum, the Canadian hawkweed, Canada hawkweed, narrowleaf hawkweed, or northern hawkweed, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
Hieracium lucidum, or Sicilian sparviere, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is very similar to Hieracium cophanense. Hieracium lucidum is a perennial herb that prefers the northern slopes of chalky seaside cliffs exposed to wet winds, including sites rich in nitrates from sea bird droppings. Unlike most other hawkweeds, this species reproduces only from seeds.
Hieracium lachenalii, also known as common hawkweed or yellow hawkweed, is a species of plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is native to Europe but has become established as a weed in Australia and parts of North America. The species was widely known for many years as H. vulgatum, but more recent studies have indicated that the two names represent the same species. The name H. lachenalii was coined in 1802, H. vulgatum in 1819, so the older name is to be used.
Cnephasia alticolana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Siberia and most of Europe.
Hellinsia didactylites is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in most of Europe, east into Russia.
Oxyptilus ericetorum is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in most of Europe, east to Siberia.
Oxyptilus regulus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Australia, but has recently also been recorded from southern India.
Oxyptilus causodes is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is known from India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and was recently discovered in New Guinea and Australia.
Oxyptilus is a genus of moths in the family Pterophoridae described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1841.
Oxyptilus pilosellae is a moth of the family Pterophoridae first described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1841. It is found in most of Europe, east to Russia and Asia Minor. It was released as a biological control agent for Hieracium in New Zealand in 1998.
Oxyptilus parvidactyla, also known as the small plume, is a moth of the family Pterophoridae found in Africa, America latina, Asia and Europe. It was first described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1811.
Capperia ningoris is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in North America, including California, Oregon and Alberta.
Crombrugghia kollari is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Spain, Italy, France, Austria and Switzerland and has also been recorded from southern Russia and Turkey. It is an Alpine species.
Crombrugghia tristis is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in most of Europe, except the Benelux, Great Britain, Ireland and Scandinavia. It is also known from southern Siberia, Asia Minor and central Asia. The habitat consists of sandy areas overgrown with Hieracium.
Aethes tesserana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe, the Near East and northern Iran.
Nemophora dumerilella is a moth of the Adelidae family. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Portugal, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Norway.
Thiodia torridana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Transcaucasia, Asia Minor, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan.
Lygus wagneri is a species of plant bug belonging to the family Miridae, subfamily Mirinae.
