A dorsal fin is a fin located on the back of most marine and freshwater vertebrates within various taxa of the animal kingdom. Many species of animals possessing dorsal fins are not particularly closely related to each other, though through convergent evolution they have independently evolved external superficial fish-like body plans ideal for their marine environments, including most numerously fish, but also mammals such as cetaceans, and even extinct ancient marine reptiles such as various known species of ichthyosaurs. Most species have only one dorsal fin, but some have two or three.
Acanthocobitis is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish of the stone loach family, Nemacheilidae. Recent work has suggested that the genus be split into two with the subgenus Paracanthocobitis being raised to a full species, leaving just the type species, Acanthocobitis pavonacea, in the current genus.
The vadigo, Campogramma glaycos, is a species of medium sized coastal marine fish in the jack family, Carangidae. The species is distributed throughout the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the British Isles in the north to Senegal in the south, also entering the western Mediterranean Sea. The vadigo is similar in form to both the leatherjacks and the queenfish, but can be distinguished by its scaleless chest and a broad, rounded upper jaw. It is a predatory fish, preying mostly on smaller schooling fishes. The species was initially classified under the genus Centronotus before being transferred to its own monotypic genus of Campogramma. The vadigo is of minor commercial importance throughout its range, and is also considered to be a game fish.
Acanthocobitis pavonacea, also known as the spearfin loach, is a species of ray-finned fish. It is known to be found in northeastern India in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins. This species may be the only member of its genus if a 2015 recommendation to divide the genus Acanthocobitis is followed, currently Fishbase does not do so.
The Nemacheilidae, or stone loaches, are a family of cypriniform fishes that inhabit stream environments, mostly in Eurasia, with one genus, Afronemacheilus found in Africa. The family includes about 790 species.
Paracanthocobitis is a genus, or subgenus, of freshwater fish in the family Nemacheilidae. This genus is known from the Indus basin in Pakistan to the Mekong basin of Cambodia and Laos The type species is Paracanthocobitis zonalternans. Some authorities treat this as a subgenus of Acanthocobitis and Fishbase only includes the five species described in 2015 by Singer & Plant, meaning that P. (A). zonalternans is not the type species.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) mooreh also known as the Maharashtra zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is found in the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri basins of western and southern India.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) pictilis, also known as the Ataran zipper loach, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. It is native to Myanmar and Thailand. It was described to science in 2012.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) urophthalma, also known as the banded mountain zipper loach, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) zonalternans also known as the dwarf zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, and peninsular Malaysia. It is found in the Brahmaputra, Meghna, Irrawaddy, Sittang, Salween, Maeklong, and drainages in peninsular Thailand and Malaysia. The range extends from northern Myanmar to peninsular Malaysia. It is not known from the Chao Phraya basin.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) abutwebi also known as the hillstream zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the Karnaphuli, Meghna, and lower Brahmaputra and Ganges river drainages of Bangladesh.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) adelaideae also known as the checkerboard zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the Irrawaddy basin of northern Myanmar.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) canicula also known as the houndstooth zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the lower Mekong basin of Cambodia.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) linypha also known as the sewing needle zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the Irrawaddy and Sittang basins in Myanmar.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) botia also known as the mottled zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the mainstem, and possibly tributaries of the Brahmaputra River, in Assam, India.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) mackenziei also known as the robust zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is the most widely distributed species of Paracanthocobitis and is known from the Ganges River basin of Nepal and India, the Meghna River basin in Bangladesh, the Mahanadi River basin in eastern India, and the upper Indus River basin of northern India and eastern Pakistan. Fishbase treats P. (A). mackenziei under Nemachilus mackenziei as a synonym of Acnthocobitis botia.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) mandalayensis also known as the Mandalay zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the Irrawaddy drainage of northeastern Myanmar, Sittang basin of southern Myanmar, and the Wang and Ping rivers in the Chao Phraya River basin of northwestern Thailand.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) rubidipinnis also known as the cherryfin zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known from the Irrawaddy basin in Myanmar.
Acanthocobitis (Paracanthocobitis) aurea also known as the barred zipper loach is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus, or subgenus, Paracanthocobitis. This species is known only from the type locality, the Narmada River at Jabalpur, state of Madhya Pradesh, India.
Schistura madhavai, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura, newly distributed from Sri Lanka. It is the second species of Schistura stone loach described from Sri Lanka, the other being the widely distributed native species Schistura notostigma.
