Paracentropyge multifasciata

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Paracentropyge multifasciata
Paracentropyge multifasciatus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacanthidae
Genus: Paracentropyge
Burgess, 1991
Species:
P. multifasciata
Binomial name
Paracentropyge multifasciata
(Smith & Radcliffe, 1911)
Synonyms [2]

Centropyge multifasciataSmith & Radcliffe, 1911
Holacanthus multifasciatusSmith & Radcliffe, 1911

Contents

Paracentropyge multifasciata, the barred angelfish, banded pygmy-angelfish, many-banded angelfish, multi-banded angelfish or multibarred angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish, belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is native to the Indo-Pacific.

Description

Paracentropyge multifasciata has a white background colour on the body with 8 black vertical bars, these change colour to yellowish as they approach the ventral part of the body. There is also an obvious black spot on the posterior portion of the dorsal fin which fades as the fish ages. [3] The mouth, as well as the pelvic and anal fin are yellow. [4] Each spine in the dorsal fin is tipped with a single thin thread with a pair of these threads on the tips of the pelvic fins. The caudal fin is hyaline marked with a line of black spots. The juveniles have less distinct band. [5] The dorsal fin contains 13 spines and 17-19 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 17-18 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in). [2]

Distribution

Paracentropyge multifasciata is found in the Indo-Pacific region. Here it ranges from the Australian territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the west east to the Society Islands in French Polynesia. It extends north to the southern Ryukyu Islands of Japan and south to the Great Barrier Reef of Queensland. [1]

Habitat and biology

Paracentropyge multifasciata is found at depths of between 7 and 70 metres (23 and 230 ft). [1] It is found under overhangs and in the caves and crevices on the steep outer slopesof reefs and it is sometimes recorded in reefs in the clear waters of lagoons. It is a cryptic species which rarely moves more than a short distance from a hiding place. They are typically encountered in pairs or small groups. [2] It is thought to feed on algae, sponges, tunicates and a variety of crustaceans. [3] This species lives in harems with one dominant male and usually multiple females. Like all other angelfish it is a protogynous hermaphrodite, with all individuals being female initially and the dominant ones changing to males. [6] They are broadcast spawners, releasing the eggs and sperm into the water following a lengthy mating ritual. The eggs are 0.7mm in diameter and hatch after 16–18 hours. The larvae have a pelagic phase lasting up to 50 days, after which they settle into a benthic phase and commence metamorphosis into juveniles. [7]

Systematics

Paracentropyge multifasciata was first formally described as Holocanthus multifasciatus in 1911 by the American ichthyologists Hugh McCormick Smith (1869-1941) and Lewis Radcliffe (1880-1950) with the type locality given as Puerto Galera on Mindoro in the Philippines. [8] When Warren E. Burgess created the genus Paracentropyge he named H. multifasciatus as its type species. [9] Paracentropyge is considered to be a subgenus of Centropyge by many authorities. They then add Centropyge venusta and C. boylei to the subgenus or genus. Accordingly this species is then Centropyge multifasciata. [5]

In the aquarium

This species is one of the medium priced dwarf angelfish with sales prices usually ranging from $50 to $100 per specimen (2010). Availability may vary but P. multifasciata cannot be considered "rare" in the trade. They usually arrive in fish stores in good health, problems can however arise when keeping them in sterile quarantine settings without live rock where not enough food can be found, as barred angelfish often do not accept artificial or frozen foods initially. Aquarists will therefore have to weigh the risks of skipping quarantine. Applying freshwater dips before placing P. multifasciata in their tanks is usually sufficient to prevent the introduction of protozoans via these fish. [10]

Barred angelfish are social fish and should be kept in pairs or larger groups in large enough reef tank settings. Keeping more than one specimen also facilitates weaning them onto frozen or prepared foods (pelleted fish food or flakes, Artemia, Mysis, mussels and fresh oysters). After introduction to the tank P. multifasciata can be quite shy and reclusive, but when they have established their territory this will almost always improve. Outgoing but not too aggressive tank mates, such as for example surgeonfish or butterflyfish can help with overcoming timidness. When keeping barred angelfish with other species of angelfishes, the different levels of aggressiveness of the different species have to be taken into account, as P. multifasciata is one of the less aggressive members of the genus. [10]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pomacanthidae</span> Family of fishes

Marine angelfish are perciform fish of the family Pomacanthidae. They are found on shallow reefs in the tropical Atlantic, Indian, and mostly western Pacific Oceans. The family contains seven genera and about 86 species. They should not be confused with the freshwater angelfish, tropical cichlids of the Amazon Basin.

<i>Centropyge</i> Genus of fishes

Centropyge is a genus of ray-finned fish, marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. These species do not exceed 15 cm in length and live in haremic structures with one dominant male and multiple females. Although it is hard to identify their gender; females are often shorter and more round finned. Like many other reef fish and all marine angelfish, the species in this genus are protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning that they start their adult lives as females and the dominant individual in a group can change to a male within days. A reversal of this sex change is possible if the social status of the individual changes, it is however a process that requires much more time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lemonpeel angelfish</span> Species of fish

The lemonpeel angelfish, also known as the yellow angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Twospined angelfish</span> Species of fish

The twospined angelfish, also known as the dusky angelfish, or coral beauty, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. They are found in the Indo-Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flameback angelfish</span> Species of fish

The flameback angelfish, also known as the flameback pygmy angelfish, Brazilian flameback angelfish, Caribbean flameback angelfish or fireball angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Japanese angelfish</span> Species of fish

The Japanese angelfish or Japanese pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Centropyge heraldi</i> Species of fish

Centropyge heraldi, the yellow angelfish or Herald's angelfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It comes from the Pacific Ocean and sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade.

<i>Centropyge tibicen</i> Species of fish

Centropyge tibicen, the keyhole angelfish, black angelfish, whitespot angelfish or puller angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Centropyge multicolor</i> Species of fish

Centropyge multicolor, the multicolor angelfish or pearlback angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is from the Pacific Ocean that sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 9 cm in length.

<i>Centropyge ferrugata</i> Species of fish

Centropyge ferrugata, the rusty angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. The rusty angelfish comes from the Western Pacific Ocean and sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade.

<i>Centropyge venusta</i> Species of fish

Centropyge venusta, the purplemask angelfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae, It is found in the Western Pacific and is occasionally found the aquarium trade.

<i>Centropyge multispinis</i> Species of fish

Centropyge multispinis, known by the common names bluefin dwarf, brown pygmy angelfish, dusky angelfish, dusky cherub, many-spined angelfish, and multispined angelfish, is a species of marine ray finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area.

<i>Centropyge fisheri</i> Species of fish

Centropyge fisheri, the orange angelfish, whitetail angelfish, damsel angelfish, yellowtail angelfish, Hawaiian flame angelfish, Fisher’s angelfish, Fisher’s dwarf angelfish or Fisher’s pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Centropyge vrolikii</i> Species of fish

Centropyge vrolikii, known commonly as the pearlscale angelfish or half black angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Centropyge abei</i> Species of fish

Centropyge abei is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a small marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden angelfish</span> Species of fish

Golden angelfish, also known as golden pygmy angelfish or velvet dwarf angel, is a small marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It inhabits shallow reefs in the western Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cocos-Keeling angelfish</span> Species of fish

The Cocos-Keeling angelfish, or Colin's angelfish is a small species of ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peppermint angelfish</span> Species of fish

The peppermint angelfish is a relatively small species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Central area of the South Pacific Ocean, and is known to be native to the Cook Islands.

Centropyge nox, known commonly as the midnight angelfish or dusky angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Centropyge shepardi</i> Species of fish

Centropyge shepardi, the mango angelfish, Shepard’s angelfish or Shepard’s pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Pyle, R.; Myers, R.F. (2010). "Paracentropyge multifasciata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T165852A6149013. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165852A6149013.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Paracentropyge multifasciata" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. 1 2 "Paracentropyge multifasciata". Saltcorner!. Bob Goemans. 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  4. ↑ Dianne J. Bray. "Paracentropyge multifasciatus". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  5. 1 2 Lemon Tyk (2016). "The biogeography and evolution of Paracentropyge". reefs.com. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  6. ↑ "Paracentropyge multifasciata". reefapp.net. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  7. ↑ "Multibar angelfish". tankfacts.com. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  8. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Centropyge". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  9. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Pomacanthidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  10. 1 2 "Reef Safari! Keeping Multibar Angelfish". Wet Web Media. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
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