Parhedylidae

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Parhedylidae
Pontohedyle milaschewitchii.png
live Pontohedyle milaschewitchii
ot = oral tentacles,
ey = eyes,
dg = digestive gland.
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Infraclass: Euthyneura
Superorder: Acochlidiacea
Family: Parhedylidae
Thiele, 1931
Synonyms
  • Ganitidae Rankin, 1979
  • Livorniellidae Rankin, 1979 [1] [2]
  • Mancohedylidae Rankin, 1979 [3]
  • Microhedylidae Odhner, 1937
  • Pontohedylidae Starobogatov, 1983
  • Sabulincolidae Rankin, 1979 [3]
  • Unelidae Rankin, 1979 [3]

Parhedylidae are a taxonomic family of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Parhedyloidea. [4]

Contents

2005 taxonomy

Microhedylidae has been listed as a synonym of Parhedylidae in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). [3] Ganitidae Rankin, 1979 has been listed as a sole family within Hedylopsoidea. [3] The type genus of Livorniellidae was Livorniella Rankin, 1979. [3]

2010 taxonomy

Sensu Schrödl & Neusser (2010) [5] is Microhedylidae within the clade Microhedylacea. [5] Parhedylidae is a synonym of Microhedylidae. [5] Microhedylidae s.l. may informally include Ganitidae, but inclusion of Ganitidae within Microhedylidae requires further research and higher statistical support. [5]

Genera

Genera within the Parhedylidae include:

Genera brought into synonymy

Cladogram

A cladogram based on sequences of mitochondrial 28S ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations within the family Microhedylidae: [6]

Microhedylidae

Microhedyle sp. from St. Vincent

Ganitus evelinae

Paraganitus ellynnae

Microhedyle glandulifera

Parhedyle tyrtowii

Parhedyle cryptophthalma

Pontohedyle

Related Research Articles

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Olive snails, also known as olive shells and olives, scientific name Olividae, are a taxonomic family of medium to large predatory sea snails with smooth, shiny, elongated oval-shaped shells.

Doridoidea Superfamily of gastropods

Doridoidea, commonly known as dorid nudibranchs, are a taxonomic superfamily of medium to large, shell-less sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Doridacea, included in the clade Nudibranchia.

Philinoidea Superfamily of gastropods

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Trochoidea (superfamily) Superfamily of sea snails

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<i>Cadlina</i> Genus of gastropods

Cadlina is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks historically classified in the family Chromodorididae. Recent research by R.F. Johnson in 2011 has shown that Cadlina does not belong to the family Chromodorididae. She has therefore brought back the name Cadlinidae from synonymy with Chromodorididae. The family Cadlinidae also includes the genus AldisaBergh, 1878.

Acochlidiacea Order of molluscs

Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling.

Hedylopsoidea was defined as a taxonomic superfamily of sea slugs, mostly marine gastropod mollusks within the informal group Opisthobranchia according to the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005).

Strubellioidea Superfamily of gastropods

According to the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), Strubellioidea was a taxonomic superfamily of sea slugs, mostly marine gastropod mollusks within the informal group Opisthobranchia.

Facelinidae Family of gastropods

The Facelinidae are a taxonomic family of colorful sea slugs. These are specifically aeolid nudibranchs. They are marine gastropod molluscs.

Hedylopsis is a genus of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea.

Asperspina is a genus of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea.

Tantulum elegans is a species of freshwater slug, an aquatic shell-less gastropod mollusk within the clade Acochlidiacea.

Strubellia paradoxa is a species of freshwater slug, a shell-less freshwater gastropod, an aquatic gastropod mollusk within the clade Acochlidiacea.

Velutinidae Family of gastropods

Velutinidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.

<i>Corambe</i> Genus of gastropods

Corambe is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in family Corambidae within the superfamily Onchidoridoidea.

<i>Pseudunela</i> Genus of gastropods

Pseudunela is a genus of minute sea slugs, acochlidians, shell-less marine or temporary brackish or brackish gastropod mollusks in the clade Acochlidiacea.

Pseudovermis is genus of minute sea slugs, specifically aolid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pseudovermidae.

Aglaja is a genus of sea slugs, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Aglajidae.

<i>Pontohedyle milaschewitchii</i> Species of gastropod

Pontohedyle milaschewitchii is a species of sea slug, an acochlidian, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Microhedylidae.

<i>Pontohedyle</i> Genus of gastropods

Pontohedyle is a genus of sea slugs, acochlidians, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Microhedylidae. Sea slugs in this genus are highly simplified and uniform.

References

  1. Rankin J. J. (1979). "A freshwater shell-less mollusc from the Caribbean: structure, biotics, and contribution to a new understanding of the Acochlidioidea". Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions116: 123 pp.
  2. Marine Species Identification Portal : Genus Microhedyle. accessed 3 December 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia . Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN   3-925919-72-4. ISSN   0076-2997.
  4. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Parhedylidae Thiele, 1931. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411947 on 2021-06-17
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 124–154. doi : 10.1111/j.1096–3642.2009.00544.x.
  6. Jörger K. M., Norenburg J. L., Wilson N. G. & Schrödl M. (2012). "Barcoding against a paradox? Combined molecular species delineations reveal multiple cryptic lineages in elusive meiofaunal sea slugs". BMC Evolutionary Biology 12: 245. doi : 10.1186/1471-2148-12-245.