| Pattalias | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | Pattalias S.Watson (1889) |
| species | |
| |
| Synonyms [1] | |
Pattalias is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to Mexico, Belize, the West Indies, and the southeastern United States. [1]
The two species placed in the genus were for many years sunk into a broadly defined genus Cynanchum . In 2005, on the basis of both molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence, it was proposed that they should be placed in a separate genus. Determining the correct name to be used for this genus involves a complex taxonomic history. The genus was first described in 1817 by Elliott using the name Lyonia. However, this name had already been published in 1808 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque for a genus in the family Polygonaceae, so Elliott's name is an illegitimate later homonym. In 1818, Rafinesque published a replacement name, Macbridea. This too has been treated as an illegitimate later homonym, as Thomas Nuttall had published Macbridea in the same year for a genus in the family Lamiaceae, ascribing the name to Elliott. In 1828, Ludwig Reichenbach published Seutera as a replacement name for Elliott's Lyonia, unaware of Rafinesque's Macbridea. In 1889, Sereno Watson published the name Pattalias. It is now considered that Rafinesque may have published Macbridea a few weeks before Nuttall, so Seutera is superfluous. (It could also be confused with Sutera .) A proposal to conserve Seutera was rejected. As MacbrideaElliott has been conserved against MacbrideaRaf., the remaining legitimate name is Watson's Pattalias. [3] [4] [2] [5]
Two species are accepted: [1]
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its publisher, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The rules principally regulate:
Pachypodium is a genus of succulent spine-bearing trees and shrubs, native to Madagascar and Africa. It belongs to the family Apocynaceae.
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Poranthera is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1811.
In botanical nomenclature, author citation is the way of citing the person or group of people who validly published a botanical name, i.e. who first published the name while fulfilling the formal requirements as specified by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). In cases where a species is no longer in its original generic placement, both the authority for the original genus placement and that for the new combination are given.
In biology, a homonym is a name for a taxon that is identical in spelling to another such name, that belongs to a different taxon.
A conserved name or nomen conservandum is a scientific name that has specific nomenclatural protection. That is, the name is retained, even though it violates one or more rules which would otherwise prevent it from being legitimate. Nomen conservandum is a Latin term, meaning "a name to be conserved". The terms are often used interchangeably, such as by the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICN), while the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature favours the term "conserved name".
In biological nomenclature, a nomen novum, new replacement name is a scientific name that is created specifically to replace another scientific name, but only when this other name cannot be used for technical, nomenclatural reasons. It does not apply when a name is changed for taxonomic reasons. It is frequently abbreviated, e.g.nomen nov., nom. nov..
In taxonomy, an undescribed taxon is a taxon that has been discovered, but not yet formally described and named. The various Nomenclature Codes specify the requirements for a new taxon to be validly described and named. Until such a description has been published, the taxon has no formal or official name, although a temporary, informal name is often used. A published scientific name may not fulfil the requirements of the Codes for various reasons. For example, if the taxon was not adequately described, its name is called a nomen nudum. It is possible for a taxon to be "undescribed" for an extensive period of time, even if unofficial descriptions are published.
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Nomen illegitimum is a technical term, used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms for other kinds of name, the glossary defines the English phrase "illegitimate name" rather than the Latin equivalent. However, the Latin abbreviation is widely used by botanists and mycologists.
This is a list of terms and symbols used in scientific names for organisms, and in describing the names. For proper parts of the names themselves, see List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names. Note that many of the abbreviations are used with or without a stop.
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Oncostemma is a species of plants in the Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1893. It contains only one known species, Oncostemma cuspidatum, native to the Island of São Tomé off the coast of central Africa.
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