Phalaenopsis venosa

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Phalaenopsis venosa
Phalaenopsis venosa Orchi 982.jpg
Flower detail
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [1]
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Phalaenopsis
Species:
P. venosa
Binomial name
Phalaenopsis venosa
Shim & Fowlie
Sulawesi Locator.svg
Distribution of Phalaenopsis venosa
Synonyms [2]

Polychilos venosa Shim ex Fowlie

Phalaenopsis venosa, is a species of orchid endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. [2] The specific epithet venosa, from the Latin venosus meaning veiny, [3] refers to the floral colouration.

Contents

Description

The plants usually have 3-5 10–20 cm long and 5–7.5 cm wide leaves. The 4–5 cm wide flowers with a light green anther cap are produced on erect, branched or unbranched inflorescences with a flattened rhachis. Mature specimens can produce several inflorescences at once. The base of the oblong-elliptic petals and sepals, as well as the column and the labellum is white. The ground colour of the greenish-yellow petals and sepals is almost concealed by brown colouration and transverse barring, although veins of the ground colour remain visible, which are reflected in the species name. The floral fragrance has been reported to be unpleasant. [4] [5] [6] The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 38. [7] The karyotype is bimodal and thus small and larger chromosomes are present. [8] Large heterochromatin blocks are present at the ends of the large metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes. [7]

Ecology

This species inhabits wet lowland forests at elevations of 450–1000 m above sea level. [4] [5]

Taxonomy

It is placed within the section Amboinenses, [9] as it is the sister species to Phalaenopsis amboinensis . [7] It has a wider labellum than Phalaenopsis amboinensis. [5]

Conservation

It has been reported to be threatened to extinction. [10] Endemic species of Sulawesi are threatened with conversion of habitats to housing areas, plantations, roads and through illegal logging. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Phalaenopsis</i> Genus of orchids

Phalaenopsis, also known as moth orchids, is a genus of about seventy species of plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are monopodial epiphytes or lithophytes with long, coarse roots, short, leafy stems and long-lasting, flat flowers arranged in a flowering stem that often branches near the end. Orchids in this genus are native to India, Taiwan, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea and Australia with the majority in Indonesia and the Philippines.

<i>Phalaenopsis stobartiana</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis stobartiana, also known as 滇西蝴蝶兰 in Chinese, is a species of epiphytic plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to Hainan, China. The specific epithet stobartiana refers to Willliam Culley Stobart. The Stobart family were the principal landowners and colliery owners in the 19th century in England.

<i>Phalaenopsis micholitzii</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis micholitzii is a species of plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to the Zamboanga peninsula in the island of Mindanao, Philippines.

<i>Phalaenopsis amabilis</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis amabilis, commonly known as the moon orchid, moth orchid, or mariposa orchid, is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae. It is widely cultivated as a decorative houseplant. It is an epiphytic or lithophytic herb with long, thick roots, between two and eight thick, fleshy leaves with their bases hiding the stem and nearly flat, white, long-lasting flowers on a branching flowering stem with up to ten flowers on each branch.

<i>Phalaenopsis taenialis</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis taenialis, also known as 小尖囊蝴蝶兰 in Chinese, is a species of epiphytic orchid occurring from the eastern Himalaya to China (Yunnan). The specific epithet taenialis is derived from the long, flattened roots, which resemble tapeworms. The specific epithet taenialis, from the Latin taenia, means ribbon or band.

<i>Phalaenopsis inscriptiosinensis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis inscriptiosinensis is a species of orchid endemic to central Sumatra.

<i>Phalaenopsis tetraspis</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis tetraspis is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to the Andaman Islands, the Nicobar Islands and northwestern Sumatra. It was originally erroneously published as a Himalayan species by Reichenbach, which was corrected by James Veitch 23 years after Heinrich Gustav Reichenbachs publication. Mature specimens may have up to nine leaves, but usually plants have 4–5, elliptic-obovate, acute to obtuse, 20 cm long and 8 cm wide leaves. Showy, fleshy, fragrant flowers are produced on axillary, arching to subpendent racemes or panicles. A prominent feature of this species is the midlobe of the labellum, which is oblong, obtuse-subacute, and the apex is covered in dense trichomes. The karyotype is asymmetric and nonuniform.

<i>Phalaenopsis subparishii</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis subparishii, also known as 短茎萼脊兰 in Chinese, is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to China.

<i>Phalaenopsis celebensis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis celebensis is a species of miniature epiphytic orchid endemic to the island Sulawesi of Indonesia. The specific epithet celebensis refers to another name of the island Celebes and indicates this species origin on this island.

<i>Phalaenopsis difformis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis difformis, also known as the dark brown Phalaenopsis, is a species of epiphytic orchid native to Assam, Borneo, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam and West Himalaya.

<i>Phalaenopsis tsii</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis tsii is a species of orchid native to Southeast China. The specific epithet tsii honours Zhan-huo Tsi, who discovered Phalaenopsis subparishii. It has only been known from Mount Shunhuang in Hunan, China.

<i>Phalaenopsis wilsonii</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis wilsonii, also known as 华西蝴蝶兰 in Chinese, is a species of epiphyte in the family Orchidaceae, native to China, Tibet, Myanmar and Vietnam. Additionally it has been recorded in India.

<i>Phalaenopsis finleyi</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis finleyi is a species of orchid native to Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

<i>Phalaenopsis honghenensis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis honghenensis, also known as 红河蝴蝶兰 in Chinese, is a species of orchid native to Southeast China and Vietnam. The specific epithet honghenensis refers to Honghe, China.

<i>Phalaenopsis javanica</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis javanica is a species of orchid native to Java and Sumatra. The specific epithet javanica refers to the Indonesian island Java.

<i>Phalaenopsis kapuasensis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis kapuasensis, also known as the Kapuas Hulu Phalaenopsis, is a species of orchid endemic to Borneo. The specific epithet kapuasensis refers to the indonesian locality Kapuas Hulu, from which the type specimen was obtained.

<i>Phalaenopsis natmataungensis</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis natmataungensis is a species of orchid endemic to Myanmar. The specific epithet natmataungensis refers to Nat Ma Taung, Myanmar. The mountain slopes are covered in natural, seasonally dry forests that are mainly composed of deciduous trees. These areas are generally not disturbed by agriculture.

<i>Phalaenopsis robinsonii</i> Species of epiphytic orchid

Phalaenopsis robinsonii is a species of orchid native to Maluku, Indonesia. The specific epithet robinsonii refers to the botanist and collector of the type specimen Charles Budd Robinson (1871-1913).

<i>Phalaenopsis <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> lotubela</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis × lotubela is a species of epiphytic orchid native to the island Sumatra of Indonesia. It is a hybrid of Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi and Phalaenopsis javanica.

<i>Phalaenopsis viridis</i> Species of orchid

Phalaenopsis viridis is a species of orchid native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

References

  1. ↑ Phalaenopsis venosa | CITES. (n.d.). Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Retrieved May 4, 2022, from https://cites.org/eng/taxonomy/term/33643
  2. 1 2 Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie | Kew Science. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved May 4, 2022, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902746–1
  3. ↑ venosus - Latinitium | Latin Dictionaries. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from https://latinitium.com/latin-dictionaries/?t=lsn50446
  4. 1 2 Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie 1983. (n.d.). Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from http://www.orchidspecies.com/phalvenosa.htm
  5. 1 2 3 Lagrelle, B. (n.d.). Phalaenopsis venosa (Shim & Fowlie 1983). Espèces de Phalaenopsis. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from http://bernard.lagrelle.pagesperso-orange.fr/Venosa/anglais/phalaenopsis%20venosa%20anglais.htm
  6. ↑ Christenson, Eric A. (2001). Phalaenopsis : a monograph. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p. 159-162. ISBN 1604691719.
  7. 1 2 3 Lee, Y. I., Chung, M. C., Kuo, H. C., Wang, C. N., Lee, Y. C., Lin, C. Y., ... & Yeh, C. H. (2017). "The evolution of genome size and distinct distribution patterns of rDNA in Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae)." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 185(1), 65-80.
  8. ↑ Hsiao, Y. Y., Pan, Z. J., Hsu, C. C., Yang, Y. P., Hsu, Y. C., Chuang, Y. C., ... & Chen, H. H. (2011). "Research on orchid biology and biotechnology." Plant and Cell Physiology, 52(9), 1467-1486.
  9. ↑ Tsai, C. C., Sheue, C. R., Chen, C. H., & Chou, C. H. (2010). "Phylogenetics and biogeography of the Phalaenopsis violacea (Orchidaceae) species complex based on nuclear and plastid DNA." [ dead link ] Journal of Plant Biology, 53(6), 453-460.
  10. ↑ Della Rahayu, E. M., Putri, W. U., Wardani, F. F., & Endewip, L. N. (2022). "Mikromorfologi dan Perkecambahan In Vitro Biji Anggrek Endemik Sulawesi: Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 50(1), 107-114.
  11. ↑ Widjaja, E., & Pratama, B. (2013). "Flora Diversity Loss in Bioregion Sulawesi." In Proceeding. International Conference on Forest and Biodiversity. Manado Forestry Research Institute.
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