Phintella caledoniensis

Last updated

Phintella caledoniensis
Phintella.versicolor.male.png
The related male Phintella versicolor
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Subfamily: Salticinae
Genus: Phintella
Species:
P. caledoniensis
Binomial name
Phintella caledoniensis
Patoleta, 2009

Phintella caledoniensis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in New Caledonia. First described in 2009 by Barbara Patoleta, it was named after the island where it was found. The spider is small and has a brown cephalothorax with patches, the female being generally darker, and a grey or grey-brown abdomen. The female has distinctive bean-shaped spermatheca and the male a long and thin embolus.

Contents

Taxonomy

Phintella lajuma was first identified in 2009 by Barbara Patoleta. [1] The species is named after the island where it was first found. [2] The genus Phintella was raised in 1906 by Embrik Strand and W. Bösenberg. The genus name derives from the genus Phintia, which it resembles. [3] The genus Phintia was itself renamed Phintodes, which was subsequently absorbed into Tylogonus . [4] There are similarities between spiders within genus Phintella and those in Chira , Chrysilla , Euophrys , Icius , Jotus and Telamonia . [5] Genetic analysis confirms that it is related to the genera Helvetia and Menemerus and is classified in the tribe Chrysillini . [6] [7]

Description

The spider is medium-sized, with shape that is typical of the genus, with a broad cephalothorax with flat sides that is wider than the abdomen. It is most similar to Phintella volupe , found in Sri Lanka, but can be distinguished by its copulatory organs. [2] [8] The female of the species has a dark brown cephalothorax, with white patches. [9] It has a grey oval abdomen and spinnerets that are also grey. The clypeus and chelicerae are brown. [10] The spider is small, with a abdomen that is 2.49 mm (0.098 in) long and 1.46 mm (0.057 in) wide while the cephalothorax is 2.34 mm (0.092 in) in length and 1.68 mm (0.066 in) across. [11] The female has a distinctive bean-shaped spermathecae. [2]

The male is slightly lighter in colour and larger than the female, and the male's abdomen and spinnerets are grey-brown. [2] The abdomen is 2.44 mm (0.096 in) long and 1.17 mm (0.046 in) wide and the cephalothorax 2.45 mm (0.096 in) long and 1.66 mm (0.065 in) wide. [10] The pedipalps are light brown and the embolus is long and thin. [9]

Distribution and habitat

Phintella caledonia has only been discovered in the rainforest around Mont Panié on New Caldonia. [1] [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Phintella</i> Genus of spiders

Phintella is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by W. Bösenberg & Embrik Strand in 1906.

Pristobaeus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1902.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wanda Wesołowska</span> Polish biologist

Wanda Wesołowska is a Polish zoologist known for her work with jumping spiders. She has described more species of jumping spider than any contemporary writer, and is second only to Eugène Simon in the history of arachnology. Originally a student of ornithology, she developed an interest in jumping spiders while still a student at the Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in the 1970s. She subsequently undertook study into the genus Heliophanus at the University of Wroclaw. Her subsequent doctoral thesis described 44 new species, and joined the staff at the university. She stayed until retiring in 2020. Her research included the taxonomy and zoogeography of jumping spiders, and has included extensive work on African genera like Menemerus and Pachyballus. She has identified over 500 species, including half of all those from South Africa, as well as having more than 20 named after her.

Eburneana wandae is a species of jumping spider in the genus Eburneana that mimics ants. It was named by Tamás Szűts after the Polish arachnologist Wanda Wesołowska. The male of the species was first described in 2003, with the holotype found in the forests of central Africa. It is a relatively large spider, 8.2 millimetres (0.32 in) long, and is distinguished from the similar Eburneana scharffi by its different geography, being found in Cameroon rather than Tanzania, and the shape of the spider's front legs.

Eburneana scharffi is a species of jumping spider in the genus Eburneana that mimics ants. Found in Tanzania, the spider was first described in 2001. It is a large spider, particularly the male, with a carapace that is between 3.9 and 4.6 millimetres long, and shares features to both species in its own genus and those in the family Pelleninae. The female has a distinctive pattern on its abdomen formed by white hairs. It is the type species of the genus.

Eburneana magna is a species of jumping spider in the genus Eburneana that mimics ants. It is a large spider, as is emphasised by the species name, the Latin for big, with a body that can be up to 12 millimetres (0.47 in) in length, although only the female has been identified and in other species in the genus the male is larger than the female. The species has been identified from a holotype found in Ivory Coast.

<i>Phintella paludosa</i> Species of spider

Phintella paludosa is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in Africa. It was first described in 2012 from a holotype discovered in Cross River State, Nigeria, by Wanda Wesołowska and G. B. Edwards, and was subsequently also found in Ivory Coast. The species was first seen in a swamp, so the species name is derived from the Latin for marshy. The spider is small, with a brown carapace and almost black abdomen,. The female is smaller than the male. It is similar to the related Phintella aequipes but can be distinguished by the thick short embolus in the male of the species and the very small epigyne with copulatory openings at the rear in the female.

<i>Phintella africana</i> Species of spider

Phintella africana is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in Ethiopia. The female of the species was first described in 2008 by Wanda Wesołowska and Beata Tomasiewicz. The spider, which is named after the continent where it was found, is small and brown, with a mottled brown and yellow abdomen 2.4 mm (0.094 in) long. It lives in grasslands.

<i>Phintella lucida</i> Species of spider

Phintella lucida is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in Ethiopia and Kenya. The female of the species was first described in 2008 by Wanda Wesołowska and Beata Tomasiewicz and the male by Angelika Dawidowicz and Wesołowska in 2016. The spider is large for the genus, and the female larger than the male with an abdomen that is up to 3.2 mm (0.13 in) in length. It is yellow, with brown spots on the abdomen, the lighter colour recognised in the name of the species, which recalls the Latin word for light.

<i>Phintella incerta</i> Species of spider

Phintella incerta is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in the Mkomazi Game Reserve in Tanzania. The female of the species was first described in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russel-Smith. The spider, is small with a light brown carapace, a greyish-beige abdomen that has three stripes, and a distinctive sclerotized epigyne.


Ajaraneola is a genus of African jumping spiders that contains two species, Ajaraneola mastigophora and Ajaraneola pajakwandy. The name of the genus derives from the name of forest goddess, Aja, in one of the languages of Nigeria, Yoruba. The genus was first described in 2011 from specimens of Ajaraneola mastigophora found in Nigeria. The second species was first described in 2021 from examples found in Uganda. The spiders are medium-sized and have a characteristic whip-like embolus.

<i>Phintella lajuma</i> Species of spider

Phintella lajuma is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in South Africa. It was first described in 2013 by Charles Haddad and Wanda Wesołowska, and given a name to reflect the fact that it was first found in the forests around Lajuma Mountain in Soutpansberg. Only the female has so far been described. The spider is medium-sized and lighter in colour than its relative Phintella lucida. It has a light brown carapace and yellow beige abdomen that has a pattern of linesand patches. The epigyne is distinctively large and has a plate at the rear.

<i>Phintella parva</i> Species of spider

Phintella parva is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in China, Japan, Korea and Russia. The species was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 1981 based on a holotype from North Korea. However, retrospectively; it was recognised that other examples of the spider had been previously collected and, at one time, a description published without a species name. The spider is small, between 3.5 and 4 mm long, and yellow. The abdomen has a striped pattern and the carapace has circular markings, but the most distinguishing difference between this species and other members of the genus are the sexual organs, particularly the short curved embolus on the male and long straight insemination ducts in the female.

<i>Phintella lunda</i> Species of spider

Phintella lunda is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in Angola. It was first described in 2010 by Wanda Wesołowska, and given a name to reflect the fact that it was first found in Lunda Sul Province. The spider is medium-sized and a similar shape to others in the genus. It has a very dark brown carapace that has edge markings and a greyish-brown abdomen that has streaks on the top and sides, but the main distinguishing feature are the copulatory organs. The male has a distinctive straight side to its palpal bulb, while the female has am epigyne which has two pockets and copulatory openings in cups.

Chrysilla guineensis is a species of jumping spider. It is endemic to Guinea. It was described in 2013 based on specimens collected from the Nimba Mountains.

<i>Phintella kaptega</i> Species of spider

Phintella kaptega is a species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in Kenya. The species is named after the area around the Kaptega river where it was first found. The spider was first described in 2016 by Angelika Dawidowicz and Wanda Wesołowska in 2016, and is distinguished by the large pockets in the female's epigyne. It is a small spider with a light brown carapace that has a dark line along its edge. The abdomen is between 1.95 and 2.2 mm long and has light brown markings on a yellow background.

Xenocytaea victoriensis is a jumping spider species in the genus Xenocytaea. It was first identified in 2011 by Barbara Maria Patoleta.

Pristobaeus vitiensis is a jumping spider species in the genus Pristobaeus. The female was first identified in 2008 by Barbara Maria Patoleta. The species was initially placed in the genus Palpelius but was renamed Pristobaeus vitiensis when Palpelius was accepted as the junior synonym for Pristobaeus.

Trite simoni is a jumping spider species in the genus Trite. It was first identified in 2014 by Polish arachnologist Barbara Maria Patoleta.

<i>Cosmophasis lami</i> Species of arachnid

Cosmophasis lami, also known as the Lami Beach northern jumping spider or tangerine garden jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the genus Cosmophasis, probably native to South East Asia and some pacific islands, and possibly introduced to Japan and Okinawa Islands by humans. It was first described by Berry, Beatty & Prószynski in 1997 and has one synonym, Cosmophasis squamata (Saaristo,2002) Both the female and the male have been described.

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 World Spider Catalog (2018). "Phintella caledoniensis Patoleta, 2009". World Spider Catalog. 19.0. Bern: Natural History Museum. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Patoleta 2009, p. 540.
  3. Bösenberg & Strand 1906, p. 333.
  4. Cameron & Wijesinghe 1993, p. 16.
  5. Prószyński 1983, p. 43.
  6. Maddison & Hedin 2003, p. 541.
  7. Maddison 2015, p. 231.
  8. Patoleta 2009, p. 539.
  9. 1 2 Patoleta 2009, p. 541.
  10. 1 2 Patoleta 2009, p. 542.
  11. 1 2 Patoleta 2009, p. 543.

Bibliography

  • Bösenberg, W.; Strand, Embrik (1906). "Japanische Spinnen" [Japanese Spiders]. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 30: 93–422.
  • Cameron, H. D.; Wijesinghe, D. P. (1993). "Simon's Keys to the Salticid Groups". Peckhamia. 3 (1): 1–26.
  • Haddad, Charles R.; Wesołowska, Wanda (2013). "Additions to the Jumping Spider Fauna of South Africa (Araneae: Salticidae)". Genus. 24 (3–4): 459–501.
  • Maddison, Wayne P.; Hedin, Marshal C. (2003). "Jumping spider phylogeny (Araneae: Salticidae)". Invertebrate Systematics. 17 (4): 529–549.
  • Maddison, Wayne P. (2015). "A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)". The Journal of Arachnology. 43 (3): 231–292. doi:10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292. S2CID   85680279.
  • Patoleta, Barbara (2009). "Description of a new species of Phintella Strand in Bösenberg et Strand, 1906 from New Caledonia (Araneae: Salticidae)". Genus. 20 (3): 539. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  • Prószyński, Jerzy (1983). "Position of genus Phintella (Araneae: Salticidae)". Acta Arachnologica. 31 (2): 43–48.