Porocephalida

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Porocephalida
Armillifer grandis.jpg
Armillifer grandis
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Ichthyostraca
Subclass: Pentastomida
Order: Porocephalida

Porocephalida is an order of tongue worms. [1] Some species in this order, such as Armillifer grandis , have been found in vipers, with some found in vipers from bushmeat markets. [2] [3]

Superfamilies and families

There are four families recognised in the order Porocephalida. [1]

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<i>Armillifer</i> Genus of crustaceans

Armillifer is a genus of tongue wormss in the subclass Pentastomida. It contains the following species:

<i>Armillifer armillatus</i> Species of crustacean

Armillifer armillatus is a species of tongue worm in the subclass Pentastomida occurring in tropical Africa. Its typical definitive hosts are pythons, such as the African rock python, while rodents are presumed to act as intermediate hosts. Humans may become accidentally infected by the eggs particularly if consuming infected snakes. Ingested eggs develop into nymphs that invade different visceral organs causing a disease called porocephalosis. Humans have been infected by eating undercooked snake meat or through direct contact. Most human infections are asymptomatic, some are debilitating, or rarely even lethal. Diagnoses of infection has usually been done by accident, and almost all patients did not require treatment.

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<i>Armillifer grandis</i> Species of crustacean

Armillifer grandis is a species of tongue worm in the subclass Pentastomida found in tropical Central and West Africa. Its typical definitive hosts are viperid snakes, while rodents are presumed to act as intermediate hosts. Humans may become accidentally infected by the eggs, particularly if consuming infected snakes. Ingested eggs develop into nymphs that invade different visceral organs, causing a disease that is often called porocephalosis. Most human infections are asymptomatic, some are debilitating, or rarely even lethal. Abdominal infections are more widespread, but typically undiagnosed, while ocular manifestations are rare and may cause blindness.

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The African vulture trade involves the poaching, trafficking, and illegal sale of vultures and vulture parts for bushmeat and for ritual and religious use, like traditional medicines, in Sub-Saharan Africa. This illegal trade of vultures and vulture parts is contributing to a population crisis on the continent. In 2017, the IUCN Red List categorized 7 of Africa's 11 vulture species as globally endangered or critically endangered. Recent research suggests that 90% of vulture species declines in Africa may be due to a combination of poisoning and illegal wildlife trade for medicinal use and/or bushmeat. All trade of African vultures is illegal, as these birds are protected by international laws.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linguatulidae</span> Family of crustaceans

Linguatulidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Porocephalida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Porocephalidae</span>

Porocephalidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Porocephalida.

References

  1. 1 2 "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Porocephalida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
  2. "Armillifer-infected snakes sold at Congolese bushmeat markets represent an emerging zoonotic threat" (PDF). EcoHealth.
  3. "Porocephalida - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-01-12.