President of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar | |
---|---|
Term length | Five years, renewable once |
Inaugural holder | Abeid Karume |
Formation | 12 January 1964 |
Deputy | Vice President of Zanzibar |
Tanzaniaportal |
The president of Zanzibar (Swahili : Rais wa Zanzibar) is the head of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, which is a semi-autonomous government within Tanzania. The current president is Hussein Mwinyi. The president is also the chairman of the Revolutionary Council, whose members are appointed by the president, and some of which must be selected from the House of Representatives.
The president is elected by a plurality. Presidential terms are for five years, and a candidate may be re-elected only once. [1]
Following the Zanzibar Revolution in 1964, Abeid Karume became the first president of Zanzibar, as leader of the Afro-Shirazi Party.
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Prime minister(s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | Abeid Karume (1905–1972) | – | 12 January 1964 | 26 April 1964 | 105 days | Afro-Shirazi Party | Hanga |
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Prime minister(s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | Abeid Karume (1905–1972) | – | 26 April 1964 | 7 April 1972 (assassinated.) | 7 years, 347 days | Afro-Shirazi Party | Position abolished | |
2 | Aboud Jumbe (1920–2016) | – | 7 April 1972 | 30 January 1984 | 11 years, 298 days | |||
1980 | Chama Cha Mapinduzi [lower-alpha 1] | Baki | ||||||
3 | Ali Hassan Mwinyi (1925–2024) | 1984 | 30 January 1984 | 24 October 1985 | 1 year, 267 days | Chama Cha Mapinduzi | Hamad | |
4 | Idris Abdul Wakil (1925–2000) | 1985 | 24 October 1985 | 25 October 1990 | 5 years, 1 day | Chama Cha Mapinduzi | Hamad Juma | |
5 | Salmin Amour (born 1948) | 1990 1995 | 25 October 1990 | 8 November 2000 | 10 years, 14 days | Chama Cha Mapinduzi | Juma Bilal | |
6 | Amani Abeid Karume (born 1948) | 2000 2005 | 8 November 2000 | 3 November 2010 | 9 years, 360 days | Chama Cha Mapinduzi | Bilal Nahodha | |
7 | Ali Mohamed Shein (born 1948) | 2010 2015 [lower-alpha 2] 2016 | 3 November 2010 | 3 November 2020 | 10 years | Chama Cha Mapinduzi | Nahodha | |
Position abolished | ||||||||
8 | Hussein Mwinyi (born 1966) | 2020 | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | 3 years, 138 days | Chama Cha Mapinduzi |
The modern-day African Great Lakes state of Tanzania dates formally from 1964, when it was formed out of the union of the much larger mainland territory of Tanganyika and the coastal archipelago of Zanzibar. The former was a colony and part of German East Africa from the 1880s to 1919 when, under the League of Nations, it became a British mandate. It served as a British military outpost during World War II, providing financial help, munitions, and soldiers. In 1947, Tanganyika became a United Nations Trust Territory under British administration, a status it kept until its independence in 1961. The island of Zanzibar thrived as a trading hub, successively controlled by the Portuguese, the Sultanate of Oman, and then as a British protectorate by the end of the nineteenth century.
The politics of Tanzania takes place in a framework of a unitary presidential democratic republic, whereby the President of Tanzania is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The party system is dominated by the Chama Cha Mapinduzi. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
The president of the United Republic of Tanzania is the head of state and head of government of the United Republic of Tanzania. The president leads the executive branch of the Government of Tanzania and is the commander-in-chief of the Tanzania People's Defence Force.
Elections in Tanzania occur on both the local and national levels. The local government holds elections for street or village chair people. General elections at the national level elect the President and the members of the National Assembly. The president is elected for a five-year term.
Abeid Amani Karume was the first President of Zanzibar. He obtained this title as a result of a revolution which led to the deposing of Sir Jamshid bin Abdullah, the last reigning Sultan of Zanzibar, in January 1964. Three months later, the United Republic of Tanzania was founded, and Karume became the first Vice President of the United Republic with Julius Nyerere of Tanganyika as president of the new country. He was the father of Zanzibar's former president, Amani Abeid Karume.
The prime minister of Tanzania is the leader of government business in the National Assembly of the United Republic of Tanzania. The position is subordinated to the president, who is the actual head of government.
Rashidi Mfaume Kawawa was the second Tanganyikan Prime Minister, Preceded by Julius Kambarage Nyerere from 22nd Jan 1962 to 9th Dec 1962 when the post was abolished and the first Tanzanian Prime Minister from 17th Feb 1972 to 13th Feb 1977, succeeded by Edward Sokoine.
Seif Sharif Hamad was a Tanzanian politician who served as the First Vice President of Zanzibar and as Party Chairman of ACT Wazalendo.
Amani Abeid Karume is a Tanzanian politician, the former president of Zanzibar. He held the office from 8 November 2000 to 3 November 2010. He is the son of Zanzibar's first president, Abeid Karume, and a member of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party.
Mohamed Gharib Bilal is a Tanzanian politician who was Chief Minister of Zanzibar from 1995 to 2000. He was Vice President of Tanzania from 2010 to 2015. He is a nuclear scientist by profession and also served as Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education from 1990 to 1995.
The Zanzibar Revolution began on 12 January 1964 and led to the overthrow of the Sultan of Zanzibar and his mainly Arab government by the island's majority Black African population.
The Revolutionary Council along with the Zanzibar House of Representatives make up the semi-autonomous Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar. The council's principal role is to advise the President of Zanzibar, who is the Head of government.
The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous government within Tanzania for Zanzibar, which consists of the northern part of the Zanzibar Archipelago, mainly the islands of Unguja and Pemba.
The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, also known as the Permanent Constitution, was ratified in 16 March 1977. Before the current establishment, Tanzania has had three constitutions: the Independence Constitution (1961), the Republican Constitution (1962), and the Interim Constitution of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar (1964).
Samia Suluhu Hassan. is a Tanzanian politician who has served as president of Tanzania since 19 March 2021. She is the first Tanzanian woman and the second woman from the East-African region to serve in the position. She previously served as vice-president of Tanzania from 2015 to 2021, from which she ascended to the presidency following the death of her predecessor, John Magufuli.
General elections were held in Tanzania on 25 October 2015. Voters elected the president, members of Parliament, and local government councillors. By convention, the election was held on the last Sunday of October and was supervised by the National Electoral Commission (NEC). Political campaigns commenced on 22 August and ceased a day before the elections.