Privileged transit traffic

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Destination sign on a Transalpin EuroCity train Transalpin.jpg
Destination sign on a Transalpin EuroCity train

Privileged transit traffic or corridor traffic is traffic of one country across the territory of another country without usual customs and passport checks.[ citation needed ] The corresponding line of communication (usually a railway) is called the (privileged) traffic corridor and a train used in this kind of transit is called a corridor train (German : Korridorzug, Italian : Treno-corridoio). The reason for such arrangements is usually border changes or border creation which cut through an existing transport corridor.

Contents

Examples

Examples are listed with headlines for the country enjoying the transit privilege, not the country offering it.

Belgium

As a result six German exclaves surrounded by Belgian territory were created as well as one counter-enclave. Five enclaves remain today. The sixth enclave and the sole counter-enclave no longer exist.

Estonia

Finland

Norway

Poland

Russia and Kazakhstan

In former Soviet Union, railways were built before the internal borders were made at present places, or not regarding them. Trains might go a stretch into another country and back. Some examples are:

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the train has become privileged transit traffic again due to border closure by Lithuania, and now trains run non-stop through the territory of Lithuania. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022, this traffic and any other border crossing trains between Lithuania and Russia or Belarus have stopped operating.

Slovenia

Germany

Busingen am Hochrhein Lage von busingen im detail.svg
Büsingen am Hochrhein

Austria

Czech Republic

Switzerland

The Eglisau-Neuhausen railway line Bahnstrecke Eglisau-Neuhausen.png
The Eglisau–Neuhausen railway line

The Netherlands

Air traffic

Air traffic has in general a number of privileged transit traffic rights, making it suitable to reach enclaves or isolated countries, and for longer-distance flights.

Most but not all countries offer these privileges.

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enclave and exclave</span> Territory (or part of one) entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin border crossings</span> Post-WWII crossings in divided Berlin, Germany

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basel Badischer Bahnhof</span> Railway station in Basel, Switzerland

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chiasso railway station</span> Railway station in Chiasso, Switzerland

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norway–Sweden border</span> International border

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waldshut station</span> Railway station in Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lottstetten station</span> Swiss owned railway station in Lottstetten, Germany

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jestetten station</span> Swiss owned railway station in Jestetten, Germany

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juxtaposed controls</span> Joint immigration checks

Juxtaposed controls are a reciprocal arrangement between Belgium, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom whereby border controls on certain cross-Channel routes take place before boarding the train or ferry, rather than upon arrival after disembarkation. With the exception of the Eurotunnel Shuttle route, customs checks remain unaffected by juxtaposed immigration controls and continue to take place upon arrival after disembarkation. Belgium, France and the Netherlands are all member states of the European Union and part of the border-free Schengen Area. The United Kingdom, on the other hand, has never participated in the Schengen Area, even when it was a member state of the European Union. As a result, juxtaposed controls aim to increase the convenience and efficiency of border checks when travelling by train or ferry between the Schengen Area and the UK by removing the need for immigration checks on arrival and by streamlining checks on departure. At the same time, juxtaposed controls are intended to detect and prevent illegal immigration. In 2016, there were over 56,000 instances when people were refused entry to the UK at the juxtaposed controls.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pan-European Corridor II</span> Garmany-Russia road and rail investment priority area

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thayngen railway station</span> Railway station in Switzerland

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Germany–Switzerland border</span> International border

The border between the modern states of Germany and Switzerland extends to 362 kilometres (225 mi), mostly following Lake Constance and the High Rhine, with territories to the north mostly belonging to Germany and territories to the south mainly to Switzerland. Exceptions are the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen, the Rafzerfeld and hamlet of Nohl of the canton of Zürich, Bettingen and Riehen municipalities and part of the city of Basel in the canton of Basel-City and the old town of the German city of Konstanz, which is located south of the Seerhein. The canton of Schaffhausen is located almost entirely on the northern side of the High Rhine, with the exception of the southern part of the municipality of Stein am Rhein. The German municipality of Büsingen am Hochrhein is an enclave surrounded by Swiss territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buchs SG railway station</span> Railway station in Buchs, Switzerland

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trasadingen railway station</span> German owned railway station in Switzerland

Trasadingen railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Trasadingen, in the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen. It is located on the standard gauge High Rhine Railway of Deutsche Bahn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belgium–Germany border</span> International border

The border between the modern states of Belgium and Germany has a length of 204 km (127 mi).

References

  1. References found in main article Saatse Boot
  2. "Border checks of pleasure craft in the Saimaa Canal". raja.fi. The Finnish Border Guard. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  3. Poland and Romania: Convention of the Freedom of Transit by Rail from One Part of Polish Territory to Another (retrieved July 4, 2014)
  4. "Kaliningrad, petite Russie en terre européenne" (in French). 2 November 2009. Negotiations between the two parties resulted in the implementation of measures to take into account the specificity of the enclave from 2002 onwards. These include ... Rail Transit Facilitation Document (FRTD) issued upon the purchase of a train ticket ... Since the entry of Poland and Lithuania into the Schengen area in December 2007, the issuance of free multiple visas has ceased.
  5. "Lenin returns to Russia from exile", History Channel
  6. "Staatsvertrag - Gemeinde Büsingen". www.buesingen.de.
  7. ÖBB Fernverkehrszüge können wieder über Salzburg nach München und Innsbruck fahren
  8. Gollan, David (8 February 1970). ""Through the Iron Curtain Aboard the Korridorzug"". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  9. Hrozí zastavení vlaků do Německa. Poláci se nemají k opravě trati, iDnes.cz, 15. 5. 2015
  10. Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland. Verlag Schweers + Wall GmbH. 2009. pp. 110–111. ISBN   978-3-89494-139-0.
  11. "SR 0.631.256.913.62" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-03-15.