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In Canada, the criminal legal system is divided into federal and provincial/territorial jurisdictions. Provincial/territorial correctional facilities hold people who have been sentenced to less than two years in custody and people being held on remand (waiting trial or sentencing). Federal Correctional Facilities, which are the responsibility of Correctional Service of Canada—is concerned with people who have been sentenced to two years or more in custody. [1]
Provincial/territorial jurisdiction includes: remand for those with a custody sentence of less than two years; community sentences such as fines, community service, or probation; including pre-trial supervision, community and custody sentences, and Extrajudicial Sanctions Programs. Youth criminal legal facilities and sentencing are also provincial/territorial but are usually governed by the ministry responsible for child and youth services, rather than the body responsible for adult corrections.
Though immigration detention is facilitated by the Canada Border Services Agency, immigration detainees may also be kept in provincial/territorial facilities because either the federal Immigration Holding Centres (IHCs) are full, there is no IHC in their region, or the detainee's file has a link to criminality. [2]
Corrections in Alberta are administered by the Correctional Services of the Ministry of Justice. [3]
Corrections in British Columbia are administered by B.C. Corrections under the Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. As of April 2021 [update] , BC has 10 correctional centres throughout the province. [4]
Name | Location [5] | Security |
---|---|---|
Alouette Correctional Centre for Women | Maple Ridge | Multilevel |
Ford Mountain Correctional Centre | Chilliwack | Medium/open custody |
Fraser Regional Correctional Centre | Maple Ridge | Multilevel |
Kamloops Regional Correctional Centre | Kamloops | Multilevel |
Nanaimo Correctional Centre | Nanaimo | Medium/open custody |
North Fraser Pretrial Centre | Port Coquitlam | Remand |
Okanagan Correctional Centre | Oliver | Multilevel |
Prince George Regional Correctional Centre | Prince George | Multilevel |
Surrey Pretrial Services Centre | Surrey | Remand |
Vancouver Island Regional Correctional Centre | Victoria | Multilevel |
Correctional services in Manitoba are administered by Manitoba Corrections, under the province's Department of Justice. [6]
Name [6] | Location | Security | Inmates [7] [8] |
---|---|---|---|
Agassiz Youth Centre (AYC) | Portage la Prairie | Multilevel | Youth males |
Brandon Correctional Centre | Brandon | Medium | Adult males |
Headingley Correctional Institution | MB Highway 1 | Multilevel | Adult males |
Manitoba Youth Centre (MYC) | Winnipeg | Multilevel | Youth males & females |
Milner Ridge Correctional Centre | Agassiz Provincial Forest, Beausejour | Multilevel | Adult males |
The Pas Correctional Centre | The Pas. | Multilevel | Adult males & females |
Winnipeg Remand Centre | Downtown Winnipeg | Multilevel | Adult males & females |
Women’s Correctional Centre | Headingley | Multilevel | Adult females |
Correctional services in New Brunswick are administered by the Community & Correctional Services of Department of Justice and Public Safety. [9]
Name [9] | Location | Notes |
---|---|---|
Dalhousie Regional Correctional Centre | Dalhousie | established 2011; [9] estimated cost: $16M [10] |
Island View Community Residential Centre | Fredericton | |
Madawaska Regional Correctional Centre | Saint-Hilaire | established 1980 [9] |
New Brunswick Women's Correctional Centre | Miramichi | established 2011 [9] |
New Brunswick Youth Centre | Miramichi | established 1998 [9] |
Saint John Regional Correctional Centre | Saint John | established 1981 [9] |
Southeast Regional Correctional Centre | Shediac | established 2012; [9] estimated cost: $40M [10] |
Bathurst Day Detention Centre | Bathurst | closed 2011 [10] |
Moncton Detention Centre | Moncton | closed 2011 [10] |
Correctional services in Newfoundland and Labrador are administered by the Corrections and Community Services branch of the Department of Justice and Public Safety. [11]
Name | Location | Security | Inmates | Notes [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bishop’s Falls Correctional Centre | Bishop's Falls | minimum | Adult males |
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Corner Brook Lockup | Corner Brook | remand | Adult males & females |
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His Majesty’s Penitentiary | St. John’s | medium/maximum | Adult males |
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Labrador Correctional Centre | Happy Valley-Goose Bay | minimum/medium | Adult | |
Newfoundland & Labrador Correctional Centre for Women | Clarenville | minimum/remand | Adult females |
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Newfoundland and Labrador Youth Centre [12] | Whitbourne | Youth | ||
St. John’s Lockup | St. John’s | remand | Adult males & females |
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St. John’s Youth Detention Centre [12] | St. John’s | Youth | ||
West Coast Correctional Institution | Stephenville | minimum/medium | Adult |
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Salmonier Correctional Institution | closed 2004 |
Corrections in Nova Scotia are administered by the Correctional Services of the province's Department of Justice. [13]
Name | Location | Security | Inmates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cape Breton Correctional Facility [15] | Sydney | medium | Adult males |
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Cape Breton Youth Detention Facility [16] | remand (up to 72 hours) | Youth males & females |
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Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility [17] | Dartmouth | medium | Adult males & females |
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Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility [18] | New Glasgow | Adult |
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Nova Scotia Youth Centre [19] | Waterville | multilevel/remand | Youth males & females |
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Southwest Nova Scotia Correctional Facility [20] | Yarmouth | medium/minimum | Adult males |
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Name | Location | Closed | Replaced by | Inmates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antigonish Correctional Facility | Antigonish | 2015 | Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility [18] | Adult males |
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Colchester Correctional Centre | Colchester | 2001 | Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | Adult | |
Cumberland Correctional Facility | Cumberland | 2015 | Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility [18] | Adult males |
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Guysborough Correctional Centre | Guysborough | 2000 | Adult | ||
Halifax Correctional Centre | Halifax | 2001 | Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | Adult | |
Kings Correctional Centre | Kings | 2001 | Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | Adult | |
Lunenburg Correctional Centre | Lunenburg | 2001 | Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | Adult | |
Yarmouth Correctional Centre | Yarmouth | 2004 | Southwest Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | Adult |
Corrections in the Northwest Territories are administered by the Corrections Service of the territory's Department of Justice. [21]
Name [21] | Location | Security | Inmates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fort Smith Correctional Complex [22] | Fort Smith | minimum/medium | Adult males & females |
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North Slave Correctional Complex [23] | Yellowknife | multilevel/remand | Adult males; Youth males & females | |
South Mackenzie Correctional Centre [24] | Hay River | minimum/medium | Adult males |
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Corrections in Nunavut are administered by Nunavut Ministry of Justice.
Name | Location | Security | Inmates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aaqqigiarvik Correctional Healing Facility (ACHF) | Iqaluit | minimum-maximum | Adult males (143) | opened in 1986 (as Baffin Correctional Centre) |
Kugluktuk Ilavut Centre (KIC) | Kugluktuk | minimum (halfway house) | Adult males (15) | opened in 2005 |
Rankin Inlet Healing Facility (RIHF) | Rankin Inlet | minimum-medium | Adult males (48) | opened in 2013 |
Nunavut Women's Correctional Centre (NWCC) | Iqaluit | Adult females | opened in 2010 | |
Uttaqivik Community Residential Centre (CRC) | Iqaluit | minimum (halfway house) | Adult males (14) | opened in 2000 |
Isumaqsunngittukkuvik Youth Facility | Iqaluit | multilevel | Youth males & females (12) | opened in 1989 |
Adult corrections in Ontario are administered by the Ministry of the Solicitor General, whereas youth detention centres for secure detention of young people ages 12–18 are administered by the Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services.
Corrections in Prince Edward Island are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Division of the Ministry of Justice and Public Safety and Attorney General.[ citation needed ]
Corrections in Quebec are administered by the Direction générale des services correctionnels of the province's Ministry of Public Security (French: Ministère de la Sécurité publique).
Corrections in Saskatchewan are administered by the Ministry of Corrections, Public Safety and Policing.[ citation needed ]
Corrections in Yukon are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Branch of the Ministry of Justice.
A federal prison is operated under the jurisdiction of a federal government as opposed to a state or provincial body. Federal prisons are used for convicts who violated federal law, inmates considered dangerous (Brazil), or those sentenced to longer terms of imprisonment (Canada). Not all federated countries have a legal concept of "federal prison".
The Don Dale Youth Detention Centre is a facility for juvenile detention in the Northern Territory, Australia, located in Berrimah, east of Darwin. It is a detention centre for male and female juvenile delinquents. The facility is named after Don Dale, a former Member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1983 to 1989 and one-time Minister for Correctional Services.
Symonston Correctional Centre is a former minimum security Australian prison located in Symonston, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Its recent capacity was 22 when in use. It was formerly the Quamby Children's Remand Centre, and later the Symonston Periodic Detention Centre.
The Alice Springs Youth Detention Centre formerly known as Alice Springs Juvenile Holding Centre is an Australian medium to maximum security prison for juvenile males and females located in Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia.
ACT Corrective Services (ACTCS) is an agency of the Justice and Community Safety Directorate (JACSD) of the Australian Capital Territory government in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. It is responsible for a wide range of activities and services in the area aimed at protecting the community and reducing offending behaviour.
Sprucedale Youth Centre is a youth detention centre in Simcoe, Ontario, Canada operated by the province's Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services. The centre houses high-security male young offenders between 13 and 18 years of age, primarily those convicted of serious offences under the Youth Criminal Justice Act up to and including murder.
The Toronto South Detention Centre is a correctional facility in the district of Etobicoke in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is a Government of Ontario-operated maximum-security correctional facility for adult male inmates serving a sentence of up to 2-years-less-a-day, and offenders who have been remanded into custody while awaiting trial. It is built on the site of the former Mimico Correctional Centre, which closed in 2011 and whose origins dated back to 1887. The Toronto South Detention Centre officially opened on January 29, 2014 replacing the Toronto Jail, the Toronto West Detention Centre, and the demolished Mimico Correctional Centre.
Manitoba Justice, or the Department of Justice, is the provincial government department responsible for administering the Crown Law justice systems in the province of Manitoba.
The Toronto West Detention Centre was a maximum security remand facility located in Rexdale, a community located in the north-west corner of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The facility was known as the Metropolitan Toronto West Detention Centre until Rexdale, as part of the City of Etobicoke, became part of the newly amalgamated City of Toronto in 1998.
The Headingley Correctional Centre is a provincial prison in the Rural Municipality of Headingley, Manitoba. Administered by Manitoba Corrections, it has minimum, medium, and maximum security facilities for a rated population of 549 adult males.
Maplehurst Correctional Complex is a correctional facility located in Milton, Ontario for women and men 18 years of age and older. It is a combined maximum security detention centre for remanded prisoners, and medium/maximum correctional centre for offenders sentenced to less than two years. It used to have a separate wing for minors but no longer houses them. It is also known colloquially as the "Milton Hilton" or "Muppethurst". In 1972, the government started a $13.6 million construction project for the Maplehurst Correctional Centre. It was completed in 1974 and continues to operate to this day. Sod was turned on the project on February 9, 1973.
The Mimico Correctional Centre was a provincial medium-security correctional facility for adult male inmates serving a sentence of 2-years-less-a-day or less in Ontario, Canada. Its history can be traced back to 1887. The Mimico Correctional Centre is one of several facilities operated by the Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services and was located at 130 Horner Avenue in the district of Etobicoke which is now a part of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The facility was closed in 2011 and demolished to make room for the new Toronto South Detention Centre which opened in 2014.
Incarceration in Canada is one of the main forms of punishment, rehabilitation, or both, for the commission of an indictable offense and other offenses.
The Edmonton Remand Centre (ERC) is a correctional facility in Goodridge Corners, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The facility is operated by the Ministry of Justice and Solicitor General of Alberta. The original correctional facility originally opened in 1979, after overcrowding and additional bed space required a second facility was proposed and completed in 2012. The new facility named the New Edmonton Remand Centre (NERC) opened on April 12, 2013, and is currently Canada's largest prison.
Juvenile detention in the Northern Territory is administered by Territory Families, since a departmental reorganisation following the Labor victory at the August 2016 Northern Territory general election. Juvenile detention is mostly operated through two facilities - the Alice Springs Juvenile Holding Centre in Alice Springs, and the Don Dale Juvenile Detention Centre in eastern Darwin. These had previously been administered by the Department of Correctional Services. A juvenile is a child between the age of 10 and 17.
Project Turnaround was a private youth detention centre for male young offenders between 16 and 18 years of age that operated from 1997 to 2004 in Hillsdale, Ontario, Canada. The facility held up to 32 high-risk youths at a time who were serving sentences for crimes such as assault, robbery, forcible confinement, escape, and weapons charges. Youth serving sentences for crimes such as murder, arson, and sexual assault were not eligible for admission to Project Turnaround. The program had an annual budget of CA$2.3 million.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia is an ongoing viral pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On March 15, 2020, three presumptive cases in Nova Scotia were announced. All three were travel-related.