Cypriniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, which includes many families and genera of cyprinid fish, such as barbs, gobies, loaches, botias, and minnows. Cypriniformes is an “order-within-an-order”, placed under the superorder Ostariophysi—which is also made up of cyprinid, ostariophysin fishes. The order contains 11-12 families, over 400 genera, and more than 4,250 named species; new species are regularly described, and new genera are recognized frequently. Cyprinids are most diverse in South and Southeast Asia, but are entirely absent from Australia and South America. At 112 years old, the longest-lived cypriniform fish documented is the bigmouth buffalo.
Francis Buchanan, later known as Francis Hamilton but often referred to as Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, was a Scottish surgeon, surveyor and botanist who made significant contributions as a geographer and zoologist while living in India. He did not assume the name of Hamilton until three years after his retirement from India.
Lepidogalaxias salamandroides is a species of small freshwater fish of Western Australia. It is the only member of the family Lepidogalaxiidae and genus Lepidogalaxias. Common names for this fish include salamanderfish and Shannon mudminnow. Although it is not a lungfish, it resembles lungfish in several respects, including its ability to survive dry seasons by burrowing into the sand. It is on the IUCN Red List as Endangered.
The European perch, also known as the common perch, redfin perch, big-scaled redfin, English perch, Euro perch, Eurasian perch, Eurasian river perch, Hatch, poor man's rockfish or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the perch, is a predatory freshwater fish native to Europe and North Asia. It is the type species of the genus Perca.
Psilorhynchus balitora or Balitora minnow is a species of torrent minnow found in South Asia. It is found in the drainage basins of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra in eastern Nepal, northeast Bangladesh and adjacent West Bengal and northwest Assam. It can be found in hill streams and in rapids with substrates consisting of pebbles or sand, preferring hard substrates. It is exported as an aquarium fish.
Psilorhynchus is a genus of fish in the family Psilorhynchidae native to South Asia. This genus is the only member of its family. The members of Psilorhynchus are small benthic fishes which occur in rivers and streams with fast to swift currents, hence they are often referred to as torrent minnows. They are distributed in southern Asia, in the Indo-Burma region and the Western Ghats.
Psilorhynchus amplicephalus is a freshwater ray-finned fish, from the Balishwar river in Assam, India. It can be found in rivers with a stronger current and sandy substrate, it prefers a sandy substrate with the horizontally placed pectoral fin suited to allow the fish to resist the current.
Psilorhynchus microphthalmus is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow. It is restricted to the Chapki Stream in the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India. It is found in flowing water with a rock substrate. This species is threatened from the effects of the use of poisons and explosives for fishing and the sedimentation of its habitat caused by deforestation and slash and burn agriculture.
Psilorhynchus breviminor is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow, in the genus Psilorhynchus. It is only known from the Ma Gawe River, close to the Kalaw-Thazi highway, near the state border between Mandalay and Shan near the village of Nampantet in Myanmar. It was collected from algal mats, where it seemed to be either resting or feedingin a cool, fast-flowing stream which had a bed made up of sand and gravel and a depth of 30 cm.
Psilorhynchus homaloptera or torrent stone carp is a fish found in genus Psilorhynchus. It is found in India, Burma, China and Nepal.
Psilorhynchus pseudecheneis, also known as the Nepalese minnow or stone carp, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow. it inhabits torrential streams and it is adapted to such a habitat by possessing am increased count of simple rays in the pectoral fins and in having transverse folds in the skin on its underside which allow it to cling to rocks in the swift current. It is found in eastern Nepal and has recently been recorded from India, it is a migratory species. The specific name pseudecheneis is a compound of the Greek pseudo meaning "false" and echeneis which means a "sucker fish", probably a reference to the fact that the torrent minnows use their pectoral fin rays to adhere to the substrate rather than having a suckermouth.
Psilorhynchus robustus is an Asian freshwater ray-finned fish of the torrent minnow genus Psilorhynchus. It is benthopelagic and found in the headwaters of the Ataran River basin in Burma (Myanmar).
Psilorhynchus rahmani is a freshwater ray-finned fish a torrent minnow which is found in a small, well oxygenated hill stream near Chittagong University in Hathazari Upazila in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. The specific name honours A. K. Ataur Rahman of the Department of Fisheries in Dhaka, for his contribution to the ichthyology of Bangladesh.
Psilorhynchus tenura is a critically endangered fish found in genus Psilorhynchus. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, where it is restricted to two locations on the Tunga River near Sringeri and also at Korkanhalla inside Kudremukh National Park in Karnataka. It is found in streams and rivers with beds made up of sand, pebbles and gravel.
Psilorhynchus arunachalensis is a species of torrent minnow. It is a freshwater benthopelagic fish and which is found in Arunachal Pradesh.
Osteobrama neilli is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Osteobrama.
The frail gourami or noble gourami is a mouth brooding species of gourami native to northeastern India and Bangladesh. This species grows to a length of 10 cm (3.9 in). It is only seldom found in the aquarium trade, courtesy of its extreme sensitivity to shipping stress and high levels of aggression. This species is the only known member of its genus.
Psilorhynchus nudithoracicus also known as the rainbow minnow is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow, which is found in the drainage systems of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra in India, Nepal and Bangladesh, as well as the Meghna River and Surma River drainage basins in India and Bangladesh. the habitat of this species is shallow running streams with sandy bottoms, usually with some pebbles laying on the sand. This species reaches a length of 8.4 cm (3.3 in).
The Marathon minnow is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is endemic to Greece.
Psilorhynchus olliei is a freshwater ray-finned fish, from Kyari Chaung, Ayeyarwady drainage in Myanmar. This species reaches a length of 5.4 cm (2.1 in).
