Qosqophryne gymnotis

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Qosqophryne gymnotis
Bryophryne gymnotis02.jpeg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Strabomantidae
Genus: Qosqophryne
Species:
Q. gymnotis
Binomial name
Qosqophryne gymnotis
(Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020)
Synonyms

[2]

  • Bryophryne gymnotis
Lehr and Catenazzi, 2009

Qosqophryne gymnotis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is known from only two sites near Abra Malaga, Cusco, Peru, at between 3,272 and 3,530 meters above sea level. Its natural habitat is high altitude montane cloud forests, and lays its eggs in wet mosses. [1] It was discovered in 2009 along with B. hanssaueri and B. zonalis, [3] and was originally classified as a member of Bryophryne. [1] In 2020, it was moved along with B. flammiventris and B. mancoinca to the newly created genus Qosqophryne based on a phylogenetic analysis. [1] [4]

Contents

Etymology

The species name gynmnotis is a combination of the Greek adjective gymnos, meaning "bare, naked" and the Greek noun otos, meaning "ear". [3] This is because when it was discovered, one of its distinguishing characteristics was that it was the only member of the Bryophryne genus to have a tympanum. [3]

Morphology

The species has rough (shagreen) skin on its back and smooth skin on its belly. [3] It has an tympanic membrane (eardrum) and a tympanic annulus,[ definition needed ] as well as a vocal sac with vocal slits. [3] The back can be reddish brown, grayish brown, purplish brown, or dark gray; the belly can be dark brown, tan, or reddish brown with pale grey flecks. [3] The frogs has also have narrow, tan mid-dorsal strips running down the middle of their backs. [3] Its advertisement call is a single, short note repeated at regular intervals. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Phrynopus</i> Genus of amphibians

Phrynopus is a genus of frogs of the family Strabomantidae. Their common name is Andes frogs. They are endemic to Peru and inhabit the upper humid montane forest and supra-treeline grassland in the Cordillera Oriental, with one record from the Peruvian Cordillera Occidental.

Oreobates lundbergi is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to central Peru and is known from the Amazonian slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in the Paucartambo District, Pasco.

<i>Gastrotheca excubitor</i> Species of frog

Gastrotheca excubitor is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to southern Peru and occurs in the Amazonian slopes and crests of the Cordillera Oriental in the Cusco Region; records from the Cajamarca Region are likely erroneous. It is likely to include cryptic species. Common name Abra Acanacu marsupial frog has been coined for it.

Oreobates saxatilis, also known as Tarapoto big-headed frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from near its type locality near Tarapoto as well as from the Río Tambo District in the Satipo Province, Panguana in the Puerto Inca Province, and Río Kimbiri in the La Convención Province.

<i>Bryophryne cophites</i> Species of frog

Bryophryne cophites, also known as the Cusco Andes frog or the Cuzco Andes frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known only from slopes of the Abra Acanacu in the Cordillera de Paucartambo, Cusco Region. There is an unconfirmed record from a neighboring mountain range, so this species might be more widespread than current knowledge suggests.

Lynchius nebulanastes is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to north-western Peru where it is known from the vicinity of its type locality, El Tambo, on the western slope of the Cordillera de Huancabamba, Piura Region. Common name Canchaque Andes frog has been coined for it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strabomantidae</span> Family of amphibians

The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate.

<i>Bryophryne</i> Genus of amphibians

Bryophryne is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. These frogs are endemic to south-eastern Peru in the Cusco Region, with an undescribed species from the Puno Region. Their range is separated from that of Phrynopus by the Apurímac River valley.

Oreobates ayacucho is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from a few localities in the Ayacucho Region in the Peruvian Andes. The species is only known from 11 specimens.

<i>Telmatobius ventriflavum</i> Species of amphibian

Telmatobius ventriflavum, the Andean Water Frog, is a species of water frogs from the western Andes in Peru.

<i>Psychrophrynella</i> Genus of amphibians

Psychrophrynella is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae The genus is distributed on the Andes of southern Peru and Bolivia. One of the four species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is assessed as "Critically Endangered".

<i>Noblella</i> Genus of amphibians

Noblella is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.

<i>Noblella madreselva</i> Species of frog

Noblella madreselva is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. The species is only known from its type locality, Madre Selva in the La Convención Province, Cusco, Peru.

<i>Psychrophrynella usurpator</i> Species of amphibian

Psychrophrynella usurpator is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from near Abra Acjanacu, a mountain pass in the Cordillera de Paucartambo, the easternmost Andean range towards the Amazonian lowlands, and from the high elevation grasslands of the Manu National Park. It is named usurpator, because these frogs were previously misidentified as Noblella peruviana — in a sense, they had "usurped" the name of another frog species.

<i>Psychrophrynella chirihampatu</i> Species of amphibian

Psychrophrynella chirihampatu is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known only from its type locality, the Japumato Valley in the Peruvian Andes of the Cusco. The common name Japumayo Andes frog has been coined for this species.

<i>Noblella thiuni</i> Species of frog

Noblella thiuni is a species of frog in Peru. It is 11 mm (0.43 in) in length placing it as one of the smallest amphibians in the world. It lives in the leaf litter of a montane forest making it difficult to spot. This minute frog has the dorsum tan with a dark brown X-shaped middorsal mark and dark brown markings, the chest and belly copper reddish with a profusion of silvery spots, the ventral surfaces of legs bright red, and the throat and palmar and plantar surfaces brown. The species was discovered in 2017 near Thiuni, in the province of Carabaya, Department of Puno, in the upper watershed of a tributary of the Inambari River, Peru, and is known only from a single specimen.

Qosqophryne is a genus of strabomantid frogs. These frogs are endemic to south-eastern Peru in the Cusco Region at 3270 to 3800 meters above sea level. A phylogenetic analysis found Qosqophryne as sister to the genus Microkayla and that this clade was more closely related to Noblella and Psychrophrynella than to other species in Bryophryne.

Qosqophryne flammiventris is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is only found in Vilcabamba, Cusco, Peru, at 3,000 meters above sea level. Its natural habitat is high altitude montane grasslands, where it lives in thick layers of moss. It was originally classified as a member of Bryophryne, but was later moved to the newly created genus Qosqophryne.

Qosqophryne mancoinca is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is only found in Santa Teresa, Cusco, Peru, between 3,519 and 3,707 meters above sea level. Its natural habitat is high altitude montane grasslands and cloud forests. It was originally classified as a member of Bryophryne, but was later moved to the newly created genus Qosqophryne.

<i>Pristimantis ashaninka</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis ashaninka is a species of frog in the Craugastoridae family. It is found in the Pui Pui Protection Forest in central Peru. It is 23 to 26 millimeters long, and is characterized by containing small conical tubercles in its skin, giving a spiny appearance, and by having no tympanic membrane. The species was described in 2017 after morphological and genetic analyses and was named Pristimantis ashaninka in honor of the indigenous people Asháninka, who live in the regions near the protection forest. The species was listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as a least-concern species. There is still no information about its behavior and/or reproduction, but it is assumed that the tadpoles have direct development, as this is a common characteristic of the genus.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Qosqophryne gymnotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T190984A89223541. 2018. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T190984A89223541.en . Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Qosqophryne gymnotis (Lehr and Catenazzi, 2009)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lehr, Edgar; Catenazzi, Alessandro (August 2009). "Three New Species of Bryophryne (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Region of Cusco, Peru". South American Journal of Herpetology. 4 (2): 125–138. doi:10.2994/057.004.0204. ISSN   1808-9798.
  4. Catenazzi, Alessandro; Mamani, Luis; Lehr, Edgar; von May, Rudolf (May 2020). "A New Genus of Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru". Diversity. 12 (5): 184. doi: 10.3390/d12050184 . ISSN   1424-2818.