Rawhide (TV series)

Last updated
Rawhide
Rawhide-show.jpg
Opening title sequence
Genre Western
Created by Charles Marquis Warren
Starring
Theme music composer
Opening theme"Rawhide" performed by Frankie Laine
Composers
Country of originUnited States
Original languageEnglish
No. of seasons8
No. of episodes217 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producerBen Brady
Producers
Production locations
Cinematography
Editors
Running time50 min.
Production company CBS Television Network Productions
Original release
Network CBS
ReleaseJanuary 9, 1959 (1959-01-09) 
December 7, 1965 (1965-12-07)
Eric Fleming postcard Eric Fleming Rawhide postcard.JPG
Eric Fleming postcard

Rawhide is an American Western television series starring Eric Fleming and Clint Eastwood. The show aired for eight seasons on the CBS network on Friday nights from January 9, 1959, [1] to September 3, 1965, before moving to Tuesday nights from September 14, 1965, until December 7, 1965, with a total of 217 black-and-white episodes. The series was produced and sometimes directed by Charles Marquis Warren, who also produced early episodes of Gunsmoke . The show is remembered by many for its theme song, "Rawhide".

Contents

Spanning 7+12 years, Rawhide was the sixth-longest-running American television Western, exceeded only by Wagon Train , The Virginian , Bonanza , Death Valley Days and Gunsmoke .

Synopsis

Eric Fleming as Gil Favor Eric Fleming 1961.JPG
Eric Fleming as Gil Favor
Clint Eastwood as Rowdy Yates Clint Eastwood-Rawhide publicity.JPG
Clint Eastwood as Rowdy Yates

Set in the 1860s, Rawhide portrays the challenges faced by the drovers of a cattle drive. Most episodes are introduced with a monologue by Gil Favor (Eric Fleming), trail boss. In a typical Rawhide story, the drovers come upon people on the trail and involve themselves in other people's affairs, usually encountering various corrupt individuals. Many times, one or more of the crew venture into a nearby town and encounter some trouble from crooked townspeople or lawless politicians from whom they need to be rescued. Rowdy Yates (Clint Eastwood) was young and at times impetuous in the earliest episodes, and Favor had to keep a tight rein on him.

Favor is a savvy and strong leader, who always plays "square" with his fellow men – a tough customer who can handle the challenges and get the job done. (Producer Charles Warren called on the diary written in 1866 by trail boss George C. Duffield [2] to shape the character of Favor.) [3] Although Favor had the respect and loyalty of the men who worked for him, the people, including Yates, are insubordinate to him a few times, after working too hard or after receiving a tongue lashing. Favor has to fight at times and usually wins.

Some Rawhide stories were easy in production terms, but the peak form of the show was convincing and naturalistic, and sometimes brutal. Its story lines ranged from parched plains to anthrax, ghostly riders to wolves, cattle raiding, bandits, murderers, and others. A frequent story line was the constant need to find water for the cattle. The scout spent much of his time looking for water, sometimes finding that water holes and even rivers had dried up.

Rawhide frequently dealt with controversial topics. Robert Culp played an ex-soldier on the drive who had become dangerously addicted to morphine. Mexican drover Hey Soos faced racism at times from outside of the crew.

Several shows deal with the aftermath of the American Civil War, which ended four years earlier. The "Poco Tiempo" episode reveals that Yates' father's name was Dan, that Yates came from Southwestern Texas, that he joined the Confederate States Army at 16, and that he was later held in a federal prison camp.

Favor also served in the CSA as a captain. "Incident on the Edge of Madness" in season one, guest-starring Lon Chaney Jr., had Favor's old commanding officer attempting to enlist the aid of Favor and his men to start the "New Confederacy of Panama" much to Favor's dismay. In that same episode, Favor and Nolan were revealed to have been in the Confederate forces up on Marye's Heights at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and they "felt shamed" at killing so many Union soldiers.

Some American Indians demanded cattle as payment for going through their land. Rough characters were in the shows, and in one episode, Gil Favor is tortured by having his face held near a fire. In "Incident of the Town in Terror", people think that a sick Yates has "the plague" (anthrax), and they enforce at gunpoint a quarantine of the cattle drovers outside the town. Also, cattle rustlers were around, including Commancheros.

On occasions, Rawhide was eerily atmospheric. "Incident with an Executioner" featured a mysterious dark rider (Dan Duryea) seen on the hillside following the herd, "Incident of the Haunted Hills" featured a sacred Indian burial ground, "Incident of the Druid Curse" and season two's "Incident of the Murder Steer" (where anyone sighting a rogue steer with "Murder" carved on its side soon after dies, based on an actual legend of the Old West). The series also featured episodes with ghost towns, cattle with horns lit up by St. Elmo's fire at dusk, cowboys struck by lightning, plus a strange, totally enclosed gypsy wagon, apparently steering itself, repeatedly turning up, all stand out as curiously "spooky" tales for a bustling dusty cattle drive; the show's often stark incidental music suited these stories perfectly.

In episode 67, "Incident Near the Promised Land" (most episode titles began with "Incident" until Bruce Geller and Bernard L. Kowalski became the producers for season six), the cattle drive finally reached Sedalia for the first time in the series. Unusually, episode 68 continues on from that, where the cattle have been sold and the men celebrate in town and decide on their futures with even Favor thinking of leaving the business. Instead of the usual ending, wherein Favor gives the command "Head 'em up! Move 'em out!" and the cattle move off, this episode had the end titles over a view of a Sedalia street.

Episode 69 has Favor visiting his two daughters, Gillian and Maggie, who live with their aunt Eleanor Bradley in Philadelphia. In episode 70, a number of the men are back together and heading back to San Antonio about 650 miles away, with a herd of horses (used in the titles) instead of cattle. Episode 71 has a new cattle drive ready to go, but the owner of 1600 of the cattle wants to be in charge, so Favor reluctantly signs on as a ramrod, but after problems, Favor becomes boss again at the end of the show. These five episodes made up one storyline instead of the usual single-episode stories, which could have been set anywhere in the West.

Favor had many bad moments in the series, but none worse than the "Lost Herd" episode. Close to drive's finish, Favor wants to beat another herd to town to get the best prices. He takes a narrow shortcut; due to thunder and lightning, the herd stampedes over the cliffs, leaving him just 9 out of 3000 cattle when the drive reaches town. He does not have the money to pay the drovers and has to face the owner (Royal Dano), whose cattle he has lost, knowing that he might never work in the business again.

From the second season, episodes began to feature individual cast members, notably Clint Eastwood's Yates (sole star in "Incident on the Day of the Dead", which opens season two); later, both Scout Pete Nolan (Sheb Wooley) and even cook G. W. Wishbone (Paul Brinegar) were featured as leads, while Fleming's Gil Favor remained in overall charge.

Pete Nolan (Wooley), the scout, departs as a regular cast member after "The Deserter's Patrol" (season four, episode 18, 9 Feb 1962), but returns for a single episode "Reunion" (episode 26, 6 April 1962), and for a further nine episodes in season seven from "Texas Fever" (episode 18, 5 February 1965).

Charles H. Gray's character Clay Forester, having played a villain in three episodes of season four (from "The Inside Man", episode six), then reforms and replaces Nolan as scout from "The Greedy Town" (season four, episode 19). Gray remained in the regular cast for the rest of seasons four and five (though in a number of later episodes, he is credited but not seen).

John Ireland and Raymond St. Jacques, 1965 John Ireland Raymond St.Jacques Rawhide 1965.JPG
John Ireland and Raymond St. Jacques, 1965

In the eighth and final season of Rawhide, Fleming left the series after an apparent disagreement with the producers. Rawhide had fallen in the ratings, from sixth in 1960–61 to 13th, 22nd, then 44th. Eric Fleming, who played Favor, was let go. "They fired me because they were paying me a million dollars a year" (actually $220,000), Fleming told TV Guide in 1965. Cast members Sheb Wooley, James Murdock, Rocky Shahan, and Robert Cabal were also let go. [4] Eastwood was promoted to series star as Yates finally becomes the trail boss. This outcome was hinted at in earlier episodes when Favor indicates he is training Yates to replace him as trail boss. The impression given is this was a later cattle drive with Yates now in charge, at a time after Favor had either "retired" or given up as boss, presumably having made his money or opted for a career change, since no mention is ever made onscreen of him or the reason for his absence in the final season's episodes. In its casting of the series, Robert Carricart was originally cast as George Washington Wishbone, but was replaced by Paul Brinegar. [5] Carricart only played the role for the series unaired pilot. [5]

John Ireland as Jed Colby and Raymond St Jacques as Simon Blake also joined the Rawhide cast at this time, plus semiregular minor cast member David Watson as Ian Cabot. With Fleming gone, ratings plunged and the revised format only lasted 13 episodes before Rawhide was suddenly cancelled in midseason.

Cast members

Regular cast members included:

Notable guest stars

Episodes

SeasonEpisodesOriginally aired
First airedLast aired
1 23January 9, 1959 (1959-01-09)July 10, 1959 (1959-07-10)
2 31September 18, 1959 (1959-09-18)June 17, 1960 (1960-06-17)
3 30September 30, 1960 (1960-09-30)June 16, 1961 (1961-06-16)
4 29September 29, 1961 (1961-09-29)May 11, 1962 (1962-05-11)
5 31September 21, 1962 (1962-09-21)May 31, 1963 (1963-05-31)
6 30September 26, 1963 (1963-09-26)May 14, 1964 (1964-05-14)
7 30September 25, 1964 (1964-09-25)May 21, 1965 (1965-05-21)
8 13September 14, 1965 (1965-09-14)December 7, 1965 (1965-12-07)

Background and production

Clint Eastwood with stuntwoman Roxanne Tunis; Paul Brinegar and Rocky Shahan in background Clint Eastwood and Roxanne Tunis.jpg
Clint Eastwood with stuntwoman Roxanne Tunis; Paul Brinegar and Rocky Shahan in background
Eastwood and Don Hight (1962) Clint Eastwood Don Hight Rawhide 1962.JPG
Eastwood and Don Hight (1962)

Series producer Charles Marquis Warren based Rawhide on three sources:

Filming for the first season of Rawhide took place at Universal-International Studios in Hollywood. The extensive railroad scenes in the third season were filmed in one month on the Sierra Railroad in Tuolumne County, California. [6]

The premiere episode of Rawhide reached the top 20 in the Nielsen ratings.

The show had a grueling production schedule, being mostly weekly with a three- to four-month break between seasons. After the first season of 22 episodes, seasons two to seven were each 30 episodes. Often, the only way the lead actors could get a break was if they were said to be off on business. On rare occasions, the show featured a small number of the actors and some misfortune, maybe in a town, which would give the others time off.

Eric Fleming drowned at the age of 41 when a canoe flipped over on location in Peru six weeks into filming the movie High Jungle in 1966. The picture was abandoned as a result.

Theme song

The theme song's lyrics were written by Ned Washington in 1958. It was composed by Dimitri Tiomkin and sung by pop singer Frankie Laine, with the orchestra and chorus conducted by John Williams (credited as Johnny Williams). [7] The theme song became very popular, and was covered several times and featured in movies such as The Blues Brothers and Shrek 2 .

Title sequence

The eighth and final season's title sequence was animated by Ken Mundie of DePatie-Freleng Enterprises. [8]

Release

Home media

Sheb Wooley and Walter Pidgeon Sheb Wooley Walter Pidgeon Rawhide 1962.JPG
Sheb Wooley and Walter Pidgeon

CBS DVD (distributed by Paramount) has released all eight seasons of Rawhide on DVD in Region 1. [9]

On May 12, 2015, CBS DVD released Rawhide- The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1. [10]

In Region 2, Rawhide has been released in Scandinavia: Season 1, by Noble Entertainment, two boxes, 2009–2010, season one re-releasing in January 2014 by Soulmedia, seasons 2 and 3, by Soulmedia (season 2 in two boxes, and season 3 in four boxes). No more seasons will be released in Scandinavia.

Revelation Films has released the first three seasons on DVD in the UK. [11] [12] [13] Season 4 will be released on March 23, 2015, [14] followed by season 5 on June 22, 2015. [15] They are released as complete season sets rather than two volumes.

In Region 4, Madman Entertainment has released all eight seasons on DVD in Australia, with each season in one box. [16] Season 8, the Final Season, was released on October 5, 2011. [17] DVD releases play heavily on Clint Eastwood's later fame, depicting him in the foreground as the chief character and crediting: "Clint Eastwood in...", but the original show credits for seasons one to seven actually depict the late Eric Fleming (as Gil Favor) being the lead cast member, with Eastwood as co-star (excepting a few later episodes where Eastwood is the sole star).

DVD nameEp No.Region 1Region 2 (UK)Region 2 (Scandinavia)Region 4
Season 122July 25, 2006November 15, 2010October 28, 2009
January 13, 2010
January 20, 2010
Season 2, Volume 116May 29, 2007April 11, 2011September 22, 2010March 9, 2010
Season 2, Volume 216December 18, 2007September 22, 2010
Season 3, Volume 115May 27, 2008July 11, 2011September 28, 2011
January 11, 2012
August 11, 2010
Season 3, Volume 215December 9, 2008February 15, 2012
August 29, 2012
Season 4, Volume 115June 7, 2011June 6, 2016Seasons 4–8, not to be releasedSeptember 27, 2010
Season 4, Volume 215November 1, 2011
Season 5, Volume 115September 18, 2012September 5, 2016February 2, 2011
Season 5, Volume 214
Season 6, Volume 116June 4, 2013TBAMay 2, 2011
Season 6, Volume 215TBA
Season 7, Volume 115March 4, 2014TBAAugust 3, 2011
Season 7, Volume 215TBA
Season 813June 3, 2014October 5, 2011
The Complete Series217May 12, 2015

On the Region 1 DVD sets, the episode "Incident of the Roman Candles" is included on both the Season One DVD set and the Season Two Volume One DVD set. Similarly, the episode "Abilene" is included on both the Season Four Volume Two DVD set and the Season Five Volume Two DVD set.

Response

Nielsen Ratings

SeasonTime slot (ET)RankRating [18]
1958–59 Friday at 8:00 pm (Episodes 1–15)
Friday at 7:30 pm (Episodes 16–23)
2825.9
1959–60 Friday at 7:30 pm1825.8
1960–61 627.5
1961–62 1324.5
1962–63 2222.8
1963–64 Thursday at 8:00 pmNot in the Top 30
1964–65 Friday at 7:30 pm
1965–66 Friday at 7:30 pm (Episode 1)
Tuesday at 7:30 pm (Episodes 2–12)

Adaptations

Books

In 1961, Signet Books published a paperback original novel called Rawhide by Frank C. Robertson based upon the television show. Eric Fleming as Gil Favor and Clint Eastwood as Rowdy Yates are both on the front cover of the book. The book follows Favor, Yates, Wishbone, and others as they try to get their herd to Sedalia ahead of a rival's herd. The book was published multiple times with the last run printed in 1986. [19]

Comics

The TV show was also adapted into a comic book by Dan Spiegle, distributed by Dell Comics. [20]

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References

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  8. "The Big Cartoon Database". Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
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