Red pileated finch

Red pileated finch
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Thraupidae
Genus:	Coryphospingus
Species:	C. cucullatus
Binomial name
Coryphospingus cucullatus (Müller, 1776)

The red pileated finch (Coryphospingus cucullatus), also known as the red-crested finch, is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, on the eastern side of the Andes. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest. This is a common species, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as "least concern".

Taxonomy

This species was first described by the German zoologist Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller in 1776. Molecular analysis has shown that along with C. pileatus, the grey pileated finch, this species belongs in the Thraupidae, the tanager family. The pair form a sister group to a group containing the fulvous-crested tanager, the black-goggled tanager, the shrike tanagers and the grey-headed tanager. ^[2]

There are three recognised subspecies; C. c. cucullatus from Guyana, Suriname and northeastern Brazil; C. c. fargoi from Peru, Bolivia, western Paraguay and northern Argentina; and C. c. rubescens from Brazil, eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina and Uruguay. ^[2]

Description

The red pileated finch is about 13.5 cm (5.3 in) long. Both the male and female have a white eye ring. The male has a red crest and a black crown, just as the grey pileated finch does, however its upper parts are dark wine red, with a reddish rump, and the underparts are a drab reddish colour. ^[3] The red crest and black head are absent in the female and the upper parts are a little more brown than those of the male. The throat of the female is white and the underparts pink. ^[3]

Distribution and habitat

This bird has a wide distribution in South America. Its range includes southern Brazil and northern Argentina, extending from Brasília and Rio de Janeiro southwards to Buenos Aires and westwards to the Andean foothills. Besides this main block, there are several isolated populations in dry mountain valleys in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, another isolated population in northern Brazil and another in Suriname, Guyana and French Guiana. This bird is seldom found above 1,500 m (4,900 ft) but in the Cusco area of southeastern Peru, it may be found up to about 2,000 m (6,600 ft). ^[3]

Status

C. cucullatus is generally a common species, and its population trend seems to be steady. It has a very extensive range and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern". ^[1]

References

1. BirdLife International (2018). "Coryphospingus cucullatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22723051A132021435. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22723051A132021435.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.
2. Jaramillo, A. (2020). Del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David; De Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Red-crested Finch (Coryphospingus cucullatus)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. doi:10.2173/bow.recfin1.01. S2CID   216294123 . Retrieved 4 September 2015.
3. Ridgely, Robert S.; Tudor, Guy (2009). Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press. p. 663. ISBN   978-0-292-71748-0.