Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals

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Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals
Rice nw museum logo.png
Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals
Established1996
Location Hillsboro, Oregon, U.S.
Coordinates 45°34′28″N122°56′55″W / 45.5744°N 122.9486°W / 45.5744; -122.9486
TypeEarth sciences
Visitorsapprox. 25,000 (2009)
DirectorKimberly Vagner
CuratorAngela Piller
Website ricenorthwestmuseum.org

The Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals is a non-profit museum in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States. Located just north of the Sunset Highway on the northern edge of Hillsboro, the earth science museum is in the Portland metropolitan area. Opened in 1997, the museum's collections date to the 1930s with the museum housed in a home built to display the rock and mineral collections of the museum founders. The ranch-style home is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the first of its kind listed in Oregon. In 2015 the museum became a Smithsonian Affiliate museum.

Contents

The museum sits on 23 wooded acres (9.3 ha), with the main building containing 7,500 square feet (700 m2) of space. Collections include petrified wood, various fossils, fluorescent minerals, meteorites, zeolites, and a variety of other minerals. With more than 20,000 specimens, the museum is the largest of its kind in the Pacific Northwest. The facility has around 25,000 visitors each year.

History

Meteorite from the Campo del Cielo field in Argentina Iron meteorite - Rice NW Museum.JPG
Meteorite from the Campo del Cielo field in Argentina
Psittacosaurus fossil Psittacosaurus fossil Rice NW Museum - Hillsboro, Oregon.JPG
Psittacosaurus fossil

Richard L. Rice married Helen Hart in 1932 and the couple began rock collecting in 1938 after finding agates along the Oregon Coast. [1] [2] In 1952 the Rices built a new home north of Hillsboro on 30 acres (12 hectares) that would later house the museum. [3] The Rices founded a museum in 1953 to display their collections. [4] Their collections won them the Woodruff Trophy twice (1958 and 1961) and this award was permanently awarded to Richard and Helen in 1961. [5] Helen served as president of the American Federation of Mineralogical Societies from 1959 to 1960. [6]

In 1996 the Rices established the non-profit museum. [7] Richard and Helen Rice both died in 1997 with the home passing to the non-profit museum as part of their estate. [1] [7] In 1997 the Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals officially opened. [3] In June 2000, 94 pieces from the F. John Barlow collection of crystallized gold were added to the museum. [8] The facility opened an exhibit in 2001 dedicated to the lapidary arts, and by that time the museum had grown to more than 4,000 items. [4]

The museum opened a new gallery in January 2003 to feature petrified wood. [9] Rudy W. Tschernich was named curator in June 2003, replacing Sharleen Harvey. [10] In 2004 the Cascadia Meteorite Laboratory at Portland State University loaned the museum 52 meteorites in an exhibit funded by NASA. [11] [12] [13] Attendance had grown to around 15,000 in 2004. [7]

In 2005 the North America Research Group unearthed the fossilized remains of a thalattosuchian crocodile from the Jurassic period in Central Oregon. [14] The museum plans on displaying these fossils after they are studied. [15] Later in 2005, the 1,800-square-foot (170 m2) Northwest Minerals Gallery opened in a former storeroom at the museum after renovations totaling $150,000. [16]

By 2007 the museum received 25,000 visitors each year, mainly from school groups. [17] In August 2008 the museum opened a retail gift shop in The Streets of Tanasbourne shopping center, [18] and closed it in December 2009 due to the economic recession. [19] This satellite gift shop was to be a temporary endeavor, and was designed in part to help drive traffic to the museum. [19] By 2010 the museum's collections had grown to more than 20,000 specimens, and still had about 25,000 visitors annually, with about 18,000 coming from school field trips. [19] Tschernich stepped down as curator in 2011, with Lara O'Dwyer-Brown taking over the position in 2012. [20] Brown left in 2014, with Julian Gray hired as executive director and Leslie Moclock as curator in May 2014. [21] Leslie Moclock left the museum in 2018, and Julian Gray resigned to take over the curator position. Garret Romaine was named the executive director on an interim basis pending the hire of a new director, scheduled for 2020. Aurore Giguet took over as the executive director with the museum in 2020. Kimberly Vagner took over as executive director with the museum in 2022.

Collections

Collections at the museum
Collections - Rice NW Museum.JPG
Specimens in the Northwest Gallery
Rainbow Gallery at Rice NW Museum - Hillsboro, Oregon.JPG
The Rainbow Gallery

The museum is the largest of its kind in the Pacific Northwest with more than 20,000 items. [6] [7] [19] The specimens come from around the world, many personally unearthed by the Rices. [22] Bill Dameron of The Mineralogical Record named the museum as having the best mineral specimens in the Pacific Northwest. [17] The collections include gemstones, minerals, fossils, meteorites, and some artifacts. [23]

Gemstones include rubies, diamonds, rhodochrosite, opal, emerald, and amethyst among others. [2] [4] [17] [23] Fossils include shark teeth, coprolites, or fossilized dung, petrified wood, dinosaur eggs, trilobites, and a baby dinosaur of the genus Psittacosaurus . [7] [19] Around 1,000 of the specimens at the museum are only viewable using a microscope. [2]

One gallery, the Rainbow Gallery, is designed to showcase rocks and minerals that have phosphorescent or fluorescent elements that allow them to glow in the dark. [7] An automated system uses a lighting cycle that includes ultraviolet lights to energize the rocks. [7] A large portion of the petrified wood comes from the collection of Dennis and Mary Murphy. [9] Their collection, which is in excess of 450 items and includes a log of white oak weighing 1,200 pounds (540 kg), was combined with the Rice Museum's existing pieces. [9] [24] The log is from Eastern Oregon and is estimated to have lived more than 25 million years ago. [7] [19] The petrified wood specimens come from Oregon, Washington, and as far away as Argentina and Australia. [9] [19] Other fossils include those of cycads, palms, and ferns. [1]

The main rhodochrosite attraction is the "Alma Rose" from the Sweet Home Mine in Colorado. [17] The Alma Rose includes crystals measuring up to 9.5 cm in length along with quartz and calcite highlights. [17] The Rices once owned the complementary "Alma King" rhodochrosite from the same mine, but sold the piece to the Coors Brewing Company, who then donated it to the Denver Natural History Museum. [17] [19] The two stones had been purchased by the couple for US$800,000. [19] Other rhodochrosite specimens include those from mines in Arizona. [17] The museum also has a collection of 107 gold pieces from the F. John Barlow collection featuring items such as a 42 troy ounces (1.3 kg) leaf and pieces mined from the Ace of Diamonds mine in Liberty, Washington. [17] [25] One of the museum's pieces, a sperrylite from Russia, is considered one of the finest in the world. [17]

The "Alma Rose" rhodochrosite Alma Rose front.JPG
The "Alma Rose" rhodochrosite

Individual items on display include coprolite from Mongolia, a 500-pound (230 kg) piece of the lightweight volcanic rock pumice, obsidian and basalt. [7] One specimen on display is a 30 centimetres (12 in) wide plate with clear quartz crystals, epidote crystals measuring as large as 10 cm and translucent calcite scalenohedrons, and comes from Green Monster Mountain on Alaska's Prince of Wales Island. [26] The collection includes a cycad fossil dating from the Jurassic era that weighs 500 pounds (230 kg). [6] One meteorite is the Gibeon meteorite which weighs 210 pounds (95 kg) and came from the African nation of Namibia. [6] [7] The world's largest known opal-filled thunderegg, weighing 1.75 tons (1600 kg), is housed at the museum. [7] [27] The thunderegg is Oregon's state rock. [28] Other items include azurite, Oregon sunstone, amber, copper crystals, zeolites, morganite, and agate among others. [4] [17]

Programs

The Rice Museum offers a variety of public programs. It once hosted an annual summer festival with events such as thunderegg cutting and demonstrations of gold panning. [29] [30] The facility has hosted the Northwest Fossil Fest. [31] The museum also offers tours for school groups and other community groups. These events will resume if staffing and funding increase.

Facilities

Richard and Helen Rice House
Rice House and Museum - Hillsboro, Oregon.JPG
Front of the home in 2010
Coordinates 45°34′28″N122°56′55″W / 45.57444°N 122.94861°W / 45.57444; -122.94861
Built1952
ArchitectWilliam F. Wayman
Architectural style Ranch
NRHP reference No. 06001096 [32]
Added to NRHPNovember 29, 2006 [32]

The museum and grounds are located on the north side of the Sunset Highway west of Portland between the Helvetia Road and Jackson School Road exits. [33] Situated on 23 acres (9.3 ha) of mostly forested land, [22] the museum is housed in the historic Richard and Helen Rice House, built as a single family residence. [34] Completed in 1952, the home was built of Arizona flagstone on the exterior and wood native to Oregon, including curly maple and myrtlewood. [7] [33] [34]

William F. Wayman designed the structure with Victor Batchelar building the home, while Charles F. Walters designed the grounds. [35] All the wood was logged by Richard Rice, who made his living as a logging contractor. [1] He also milled the wood. [7] The home was designed to allow the basement to serve as a museum for the Rices' collections. [3]

The structure contains three sandstone fireplaces, and the countertops are finished with hand-painted tiles from Mexico. [3] Myrtlewood is used inside as trim and for doors. [17] Bedroom closets were constructed with drawers, shelves, and ironing boards built-in. [3] Inside the two-level building are amenities such as dumbwaiters and a sewing room. [33] On the outside raked cedar was used on the eaves of the low-pitched roof-line building. [3] The exterior sandstone is tan, rose, and blue in color. [3]

The 7,500 square feet (700 m2) home with a 3,300 square feet (310 m2) basement cost $185,000 to build. [2] [3] Flooring in the museum was replaced in 2021 after a detrimental flood. The original blue linoleum in the basement that features the museum's logo of a shovel and a pick were preserved thanks to generous volunteer work and donations. [3] The ranch style home was the first ranch home listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Oregon. [34]

In addition to the house, which has a full basement, the museum uses a separate building as a gallery. [17] That building, the Northwest Gallery, was formerly used for storage and as a shop, but looks similar to the Rice House. [19] This gallery focuses on items from Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, and includes collections of agates, thundereggs, zeolites, and placer gold, among others. [19] Before opening to the public in 1997 an elevator was added to the home. [2]

The museum includes a Community Room, Resource Library, Fossil Gallery, Rainbow Gallery, Special Exhibits, Education Room, Petrified Wood Gallery, Main Gallery, and Pacific Northwest Gallery. There is also a gift shop, while the outside grounds include a walk that features sandstone, columns of basalt, a 1,200 pounds (540 kg) rock made of pumice, [19] and the Rock Pile activity in which visitors are invited to take a rock home.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhodochrosite</span> Mineral of manganese carbonate

Rhodochrosite is a manganese carbonate mineral with chemical composition MnCO3. In its pure form (rare), it is typically a rose-red colour, but it can also be shades of pink to pale brown. It streaks white, and its Mohs hardness varies between 3.5 and 4.5. Its specific gravity is between 3.45 and 3.6. It crystallizes in the trigonal system, and cleaves with rhombohedral carbonate cleavage in three directions. The crystal structure of rhodochrosite is a rhombohedral system, which is a subset of the trigonal system. The carbonate ions (CO3) are arranged in a triangular planar configuration, and the manganese ions (Mn) are surrounded by six oxygen ions in an octahedral arrangement. The MnO6 octahedra and CO3 triangles are linked together to form a three-dimensional structure. Crystal twinning often is present. It is often confused with the manganese silicate, rhodonite, but is distinctly softer. Rhodochrosite is formed by the oxidation of manganese ore, and is found in South Africa, China, and the Americas. It is officially listed as one of the National symbols of Argentina.

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In geology, petrifaction or petrification is the process by which organic material becomes a fossil through the replacement of the original material and the filling of the original pore spaces with minerals. Petrified wood typifies this process, but all organisms, from bacteria to vertebrates, can become petrified. Petrifaction takes place through a combination of two similar processes: permineralization and replacement. These processes create replicas of the original specimen that are similar down to the microscopic level.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Harvey, Sharleen K. (January 1, 1998). "Richard L. Rice; 1911–1997". Rocks & Minerals. Heldref Publications: 61(1). ISSN   0035-7529.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Colby, Richard N. “Tour of time: An open house will make it easy to take in the county’s hidden treasures, historic and otherwise, in one swoop”, The Oregonian , April 23, 1998, West Zoner, p. 1
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mandel, Michelle. “House of rock”, The Oregonian, March 1, 2007, Metro West Neighbors, p. 12
  4. 1 2 3 4 Campbell, Polly. “Family museum on foundation of rock”, The Oregonian, October 18, 2001, Southwest Zoner, p. 2
  5. ↑ "1962; Show Highlights; Tucson Gem and Mineral Show". The Mineralogical Record. Gale Group, Inc. 35 (1): S27(3). January 1, 2004. ISSN   0026-4628.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Mandel, Michelle. “Splendid stones: free for the seeing”, The Oregonian, October 6, 1998, p. B2
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hansen, Ellen. “Museum aims to spread the word about rocks” Archived January 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine , The Portland Tribune , November 8, 2005
  8. ↑ Phan, Aimee. “Low-key museum rocks in Hillsboro”, The Oregonian, July 5, 2000, p. C2
  9. ↑ "Curator appointed; Museum Notes & Announcements; Rudy W. Tschernich; Rice Northwest Museum of Rocks and Minerals; Brief Article". Rocks & Minerals. Heldref Publications. 78 (3): 204(2). May 1, 2003. doi:10.1080/00357529.2003.9926723. ISSN   0035-7529. S2CID   219713161.
  10. ↑ Hill, Richard L. “Mad about meteorites, enthusiasts run a program that identifies and collects space rocks at Portland State”, The Oregonian, December 8, 2004, p. E12
  11. ↑ Jones, Tricia. “Museum displays meteorite samples”, The Columbian, August 10, 2004, p. D4
  12. ↑ Campbell, Polly. “Meteorites land at Hillsboro Museum”, The Oregonian, July 15, 2004, West Zoner, p. 2
  13. ↑ Hill, Richard L. “Oregon's Jurassic croc”, The Oregonian, March 17, 2007, p. A1
  14. ↑ “Jurassic Crocodile is Unearthed in Oregon; 'Crocodile-like Creature' with a 'Fish Tail'” Archived April 6, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , Underwatertimes.com News Service, March 19, 2007
  15. ↑ Campbell, Polly. “Prospector says hobby is gilded in fun”, The Oregonian, August 18, 2005, West Zoner, p. 2
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 White, John S.; Bill Dameron (March 1, 2007). "Gallery reviews; United States mineralogy museum exhibits". The Mineralogical Record. Gale Group, Inc. 38 (2): 137(9). ISSN   0026-4628.
  17. ↑ Diehl, Angella Foret. “Neighborhood Roundup – Metro West Hillsboro: Rock Creek/Tanasbourne”, The Oregonian, August 28, 2008, Metro West Neighbors
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Stevens, Michael O. (March 24, 2010). "Rice Museum of Rocks has more than just your ordinary rocks". Hillsboro. OregonLive.com. Archived from the original on September 22, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
  19. ↑ Baron, Connie (January 9, 2012). "New curator at Rice NW Museum of Rocks and Minerals plans to balance job with education and outreach". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on March 1, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2012.
  20. ↑ Leone, Hannah (July 15, 2014). "Rice NW Museum hires Julian Gray as new executive director". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on July 27, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
  21. 1 2 Mandel, Michelle. "New museum shows off rockhounds' bounty", The Oregonian, February 19, 1998, p. E2
  22. 1 2 Baron, Connie. "Downtown Hillsboro: Summer may be winding down, but kids can still find fun activities", The Oregonian, August 30, 2007, Metro West Neighbors, p. 18
  23. ↑ Mandel, Michelle. "Too big to keep secret", The Oregonian, January 17, 2003, p. C1
  24. ↑ M.E.H. (September 1, 2000). "Museum Notes & Announcements; Brief Article; Golden Opportunity". Rocks & Minerals. Heldref Publications. 75 (5): 360. doi:10.1080/00357520009603096. ISSN   0035-7529.
  25. ↑ Toland, Douglas C. (September 1, 2004). "Famous mineral localities: Green Monster Mountain, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska". The Mineralogical Record. Gale Group, Inc. 35 (5): 383 (24). ISSN   0026-4628.
  26. ↑ Christie, Tim. "Rock hounds check out goods at 18th annual Gem Faire", The Register Guard, March 26, 2007, Business and Financial News
  27. ↑ Frank, Gerry. "Frankly Speaking – Quest for best of Oregon reveals keepers", The Oregonian, July 2, 2006, p. T4
  28. ↑ Robinson, Ann. “Plan next weekend Aug. 17–19 In the shade, on the grass”, The Oregonian, August 12, 2007, p. T8
  29. ↑ “Neighborhood Roundup – West Metro – Hillsboro”, The Oregonian, August 3, 2006, Metro West Neighbors, p. 14
  30. ↑ “Free fossil fest offers activities for adults, kids”, The Oregonian, August 8, 2007, p. C9
  31. 1 2 "Oregon National Register List" (PDF). State of Oregon. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2009.
  32. 1 2 3 Knudsen, Jenn Director. “North of Hillsboro – The quieter side of the city”, The Oregonian, October 26, 2008, p. S5
  33. 1 2 3 Trappen, Michelle. “Close-in sun and fun: A stone's throw away”, The Oregonian, July 3, 2008, Metro West Neighbors, p. 10
  34. ↑ Oregon Historic Sites Database: Site Information: Rice, Richard & Helen, House. Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved February 7, 2009

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