Robert M. Morgenthau

Last updated
Robert M. Morgenthau
Robert Morgenthau at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival.jpg
New York County District Attorney
In office
January 1, 1975 –December 31, 2009
Preceded by Richard Kuh
Succeeded by Cyrus Vance, Jr.
United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York
In office
December 4, 1962 –January 15, 1970
President John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
Richard Nixon
Preceded by Vincent L. Broderick (Acting)
Succeeded by Whitney N. Seymour, Jr.
In office
April 18, 1961 –September 4, 1962
President John F. Kennedy
Preceded by Samuel H. Gillespie, Jr.
Succeeded by Vincent L. Broderick (Acting)
Personal details
BornRobert Morris Morgenthau
(1919-07-31) July 31, 1919 (age 99)
New York, New York, U.S.
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s)
Children 7
Alma mater Amherst College
Yale Law School
Military service
AllegianceFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
Service/branchFlag of the United States Navy (official).svg  United States Navy
Years of service 1940-1945
Rank U.S. Navy O-4 infobox.svg Lieutenant commander
Battles/wars World War II

Robert Morris Morgenthau ( /ˈmɔːrɡənθɔː/ MORG-ən-thaw; born July 31, 1919) is an American lawyer. From 1975 until his retirement in 2009, he was the District Attorney for New York County, the borough of Manhattan, having previously served as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York throughout much of the 1960s on the appointment of John F. Kennedy. At retirement, Morgenthau was the longest-serving district attorney in the history of the State of New York, although William V. Grady of Dutchess County surpassed this record at the midway point of his ninth term on January 1, 2018.

United States federal republic in North America

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.

Lawyer legal professional who helps clients and represents them in a court of law

A lawyer or attorney is a person who practices law, as an advocate, attorney, attorney at law, barrister, barrister-at-law, bar-at-law, civil law notary, counsel, counselor, counsellor, counselor at law, solicitor, chartered legal executive, or public servant preparing, interpreting and applying law, but not as a paralegal or charter executive secretary. Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.

Manhattan Borough in New York City and county in New York, United States

Manhattan, often referred to locally as the City, is the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City and its economic and administrative center, cultural identifier, and historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York. The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River. Manhattan Island is divided into three informally bounded components, each aligned with the borough's long axis: Lower, Midtown, and Upper Manhattan.

Contents

Early life

Morgenthau was born in 1919 in New York City into a prominent Ashkenazi Jewish family that had emigrated from Baden in 1866. He is the son of Elinor (née Fatman) and long-time Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. His maternal great grandfather was Mayer Lehman, a co-founder of Lehman Brothers. His grandfather, Henry Morgenthau, Sr., was United States Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Before going into diplomatic service, Henry Morgenthau, Sr., had made a fortune in real estate, and then became a strong financial backer of President Woodrow Wilson. His paternal grandmother was born in Montgomery, Alabama. [1] From his earliest days, the Morgenthau family was well-connected politically. The family home was near Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Springwood Estate at Hyde Park, New York, and he grew up knowing Roosevelt.

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After graduating from the New Lincoln School, Deerfield Academy, and Amherst College, he enlisted in the United States Navy, serving for four and a half years during World War II. He attained the final rank of lieutenant commander, and served as the executive officer of both the USS Lansdale and the USS Harry F. Bauer. Naval records indicate heroic action during the Battle of Iwo Jima - the Bauer was attacked by thirteen suicide bombers, and survived a torpedo and dive bomber attack (both failed to detonate). [2] He saw action in both the Mediterranean and Pacific theaters, mostly aboard destroyers. [3] Morgenthau graduated from Yale Law School in 1948, and joined the New York law firm of Patterson, Belknap & Webb, becoming a partner in 1954.

The New Lincoln School was a private experimental coeducational school in New York City enrolling students from kindergarten through grade 12.

Deerfield Academy

Deerfield Academy is an independent, co-educational boarding and day school in Deerfield, Massachusetts, United States for students in grades 9-12 and post-graduate (PG). Founded in 1797, it is one of the oldest secondary schools in the United States. It is a four-year college-preparatory school with approximately 650 students and about 125 faculty, all of whom live on or near campus during the school year. Deerfield had a 16.4% acceptance rate for the 2017-2018 school year. Its endowment is $590 million.

Amherst College liberal arts college in Massachusetts

Amherst College is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts. Founded in 1821 as an attempt to relocate Williams College by its then-president Zephaniah Swift Moore, Amherst is the third oldest institution of higher education in Massachusetts. The institution was named after the town, which in turn had been named after Lord Jeffery Amherst. It was originally established as a men's college but became coeducational in 1975.

Career

U.S. Attorney

In 1961, after 12 years of practicing corporate law, Morgenthau accepted an appointment from President John F. Kennedy as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York. In 1962, he was the Democratic nominee for Governor of New York, and resigned his federal office. After his defeat by the incumbent Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Morgenthau was reappointed U.S. Attorney and served for the remainder of the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. [4] As a United States Attorney, Morgenthau established a special unit to investigate securities fraud and prosecuted highly publicized bribery cases against city officials and IRS attorneys and accountants.[ citation needed ]

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Corporate law is the body of law governing the rights, relations, and conduct of persons, companies, organizations and businesses. It refers to the legal practice relating to, or the theory of corporations. Corporate law often describes the law relating to matters which derive directly from the life-cycle of a corporation. It thus encompasses the formation, funding, governance, and death of a corporation.

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John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy, commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician and journalist who served as the 35th president of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. He served at the height of the Cold War, and the majority of his presidency dealt with managing relations with the Soviet Union. A member of the Democratic Party, Kennedy represented Massachusetts in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate prior to becoming president.

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In January 1969, following the election of President Richard M. Nixon, Morgenthau remained in office, and for months resisted increasingly public pressures from the Nixon Administration to resign. He retained support from New York's liberal Republican U.S. Senators Jacob K. Javits and Charles Goodell. Morgenthau and his supporters claimed that replacing him would disrupt his work on vital cases, and that Nixon might be seeking to prevent Morgenthau from pursuing investigations that would prove embarrassing to the President or his friends. Nonetheless, Morgenthau's position became increasingly untenable. While well-regarded, he was after all a Democrat thought to harbor political aspirations; thus, Morgenthau's insistence on remaining in office seemed increasingly unreasonable to even some who initially had thought the Nixon administration should not show him the door so quickly. He was eventually forced out of office at the end of 1969, [5] and succeeded as U.S. Attorney by Republican Whitney North Seymour, Jr.

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Return to politics

Afterwards, Morgenthau served briefly in the reformist administration of Mayor John V. Lindsay as a deputy mayor, before resigning to seek the Democratic nomination for governor in 1970. Morgenthau was less successful in raising funds and developing support than were two other candidates, Arthur Goldberg and Howard Samuels, and within weeks, he withdrew from the race. Goldberg won the nomination, and was subsequently defeated by Rockefeller. [6]

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District Attorney of New York County

Morgenthau returned to private life until 1974, when he was elected to the office of District Attorney of New York County. This was a special election caused by the death of Frank Hogan, who had served as DA for more than 30 years. Morgenthau defeated Hogan's interim successor, Richard Kuh. He was elected to a full term in 1977, and was re-elected seven times. He was not opposed in a general election from 1985 to 2005. [7]

Morgenthau was subjected to criticism in the press for his conduct in the wake of a major police corruption scandal. [8] Eight men who were falsely arrested by transit police officers in the scandal that shook the department were awarded more than $1 million in damages by a federal judge. One plaintiff, Ronald Yeadon, was a police officer. He was arrested twice while off duty and accused of sexually abusing a woman. [9]

Morgenthau retained a national profile while serving in what was technically a local office, in part because of his dogged pursuit of white-collar crime. According to Gary Naftalis, a prominent Manhattan defense attorney who had been an assistant to Morgenthau in the 1960s, Morgenthau believed that prosecuting "crime in the suites" was every bit as important as prosecuting "crime in the streets". [10]

Morgenthau announced in 2005, aged 85, that he would run for a ninth full term as district attorney. For the first time in decades, he encountered a vigorous primary opponent - former state court judge Leslie Crocker Snyder. [11] [12] Snyder won the endorsement of the New York Times , which, like virtually all of the city's establishment, had long been supportive of Morgenthau. [13]

Morgenthau won the Democratic primary with 59% of the vote, to Snyder's 41%. In the general election, he was once again the candidate for all political parties in the election, having been nominated by the Democrats, Republicans, and the Working Families Party. [14] Morgenthau won re-election with more than 99% of the vote.

Retirement

On February 27, 2009, Morgenthau announced that he would not seek re-election in 2009, saying: "I never expected to be here this long ... [R]ecently, I figured that I'd served 25 years beyond the normal retirement age." [15] [16] He was replaced by Cyrus Vance, Jr., a prosecutor under Morgenthau and the son of former President Jimmy Carter's secretary of state Cyrus Vance. Morgenthau officially endorsed Vance on June 25. [17] Vance went on to win the primary election on September 15, 2009 [18] and the subsequent general election on November 3. [19] On January 20, 2010, Morgenthau joined the law firm Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz. [20] [21]

Notable cases

Notable assistant district attorneys under Morgenthau

Television character

The character of District Attorney Adam Schiff (played by actor Steven Hill), the New York district attorney in the long-running TV series Law & Order , was loosely based on Morgenthau. Morgenthau reportedly was a fan of the character. [3] [35]

Affiliations

Morgenthau's other principal civic activities were the Police Athletic League of New York City, which he served since 1962, first as president and then chairman, and the Museum of Jewish Heritage, of which he was chairman.[ citation needed ]

Award

In 2005, Morgenthau received The Hundred Year Association of New York's Gold Medal "in recognition of outstanding contributions to the City of New York". Morgenthau also received the Association Medal of the New York City Bar Association for exceptional contributions to the honor and standing of the bar in the city of New York.[ citation needed ]

Personal life

His first wife was Martha Pattridge, a Christian, whom he met in college; [36] they had five children: Joan Morgenthau, Anne Pattridge Morgenthau Grand, Robert Pattridge Morgenthau, Elinor Gates Morgenthau, and Barbara Elizabeth Morgenthau Lee. [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] Although Pattridge was a Christian, they raised their children in the Jewish faith. [42] Martha died in 1972. [37] Morgenthau was devastated by her death, and for a while after her death, he refused to talk about her in order to avoid bringing back memories of her passing. [43]

In 1977, he married Pulitzer Prize-winning author Lucinda Franks, also a Christian. [44] [45] They have two children: Joshua Franks Morgenthau (born 1984), and Amy Elinor Morgenthau (born 1990). [38] [44] They live in New York City. His son Joshua runs the family farm, Fishkill Farms, founded by Henry Morgenthau, Jr. [46]

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References

  1. ↑ Morgenthau testimony to Senate Judiciary Committee, July 16, 2009
  2. ↑ https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/h/harry-f-bauer-dm-26.html
  3. 1 2 Robert Morgenthau from the Jewish Virtual Library
  4. ↑ Aborn For Manhattan DA or Morgenthau Forever?, NYPD Confidential (December 1, 2008).
  5. ↑ Richard Perez-Pena, U.S. Attorney Leaving Post In Manhattan The New York Times (December 3, 1992).
  6. ↑ David L. Stebenne, Arthur J. Goldberg, New Deal Liberal (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 375-378. ISBN   0-19-507105-0.
  7. ↑ MSNBC report on Morgenthau
  8. ↑ Levine, Richard (November 25, 1987). "Koch Pledges Inquiry on Arrests by Transit Police". The New York Times.
  9. ↑ Emery, Richard (December 12, 1987). "The Even Sadder New York Police Saga". The New York Times.
  10. ↑ McCoy, Kevin. Feared D.A. relishes taking down hotshots. USA Today, 2002-06-24.
  11. ↑ Geoffrey Gray, Morgenthau Gets Witchy About Leslie Crocker Snyder, New York Magazine (November 6, 2005).
  12. ↑ Leslie Eaton, Snyder Faults Morgenthau on Drug Laws, The New York Times (September 9, 2005).
  13. ↑ When to End an Era, The New York Times (August 30, 2005).
  14. ↑ http://www.judicialaccountability.org/articles/judgessnyderandda.htm
  15. ↑ Karen Freifeld, Morgenthau, Manhattan Prosecutor Since 1961, Won't Run Again, Bloomberg (February 29, 2008).
  16. ↑ http://www.newsday.com/services/newspaper/printedition/saturday/news/ny-nymorg286052675feb28,0,6367166.story
  17. ↑ Elingon, John (June 25, 2009). "Manhattan District Attorney Endorses a Candidate to Succeed Him". NYTimes.com . Retrieved 2009-06-25.
  18. ↑ Lisi, Clemente (September 15, 2009). "Cy Vance wins Manhattan DA race". New York Post.
  19. ↑ "Statement and Return Report for Certification General Election 2009 – 11/03/2009 New York County – All Parties and Independent Bodies – District Attorney – New York" (PDF). vote.nyc.ny.us. Board Elections in the City of New York. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  20. ↑ http://www.wcax.com/Global/story.asp?S=11850679
  21. ↑ Jones, Ashby (January 20, 2010). "Morgenthau, 90, Lands at Hard-Charging Wachtell Lipton". The Wall Street Journal.
  22. ↑ Kenneth Lovett, Mark David Chapman tells his version of John Lennon slay, New York Daily News (August 19, 2008).
  23. ↑ Norimitsu Onishi, Court Case Nudges Goetz Out of Cocoon;Subway Gunman Back in Spotlight, The New York Times (December 31, 1995).
  24. ↑ Jose Martinez, Preppie killer Robert Chambers pleads guilty to selling cocaine, assaulting cop, New York Daily News (August 11, 2008).
  25. ↑ Prosecutor: Drop all convictions in Central Park jogger case, CNN (December 10, 2002).
  26. ↑ Peter Truell, Larry Gurwin, False Profits. The Inside Story of BCCI, the world’s most corrupt financial Empire, 1992, Houghton, Mifflin Company, Boston, New York, ISBN   0-395-62339-1
  27. ↑ Faison Jr., Seth (July 2, 1992). "Company News – Saudi Banker Is Charged With Fraud in B.C.C.I. Case". The New York Times. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  28. ↑ http://crime.about.com/b/2005/03/22/sante-and-kenneth-kimes-get-life-sentences.htm
  29. ↑ Joel Roberts, Tyco Execs Found Guilty: Kozlowski, Swartz Convicted For Looting Company Of $600 Million, CBS News (June 17, 2005).
  30. ↑ Kathy Chu, Cuomo makes a name for himself in replacing Spitzer, USA Today (April 24, 2007).
  31. ↑ "Obama names Varney as to antitrust role at Justice". Reuters. January 22, 2009.
  32. ↑ Daniel Gross, Eliot Spitzer: How New York's attorney general became the most powerful man on Wall Street., Slate (October 21, 2004).
  33. ↑ Katharine Q. Seelye, John F. Kennedy, Jr., Heir To a Formidable Dynasty, The New York Times (July 19, 1999).
  34. ↑ Katherine Bouton, Linda Fairstein vs. Rape, The New York Times (February 25, 1990).
  35. ↑ Robert Kolker, Happy 85th Birthday, Bob Morgenthau, New York Magazine (July 19, 2004).
  36. ↑ Poughkeepsie Journal: "ICYMI: Robert Morgenthau: NYC legal legend, East Fishkill farmer" by Nina Schutzman September 2, 2014
  37. 1 2 "Mrs. Martha Morgenthau Dies; Wife of Former U.S. Attorney". New York Times. October 6, 1972. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  38. 1 2 Morgenthau Family Tree Archived 2015-12-20 at the Wayback Machine . retrieved October 3, 2015
  39. ↑ New York Times: "Weddings – Barbara Morgenthau, Hanmin Lee" July 29, 2001
  40. ↑ New York Times: "Susan Bryce Moore Becomes the Bride Of R.P. Morgenthau in West Virginia" June 26, 1983
  41. ↑ New York Times: "Paul Grand to Marry Anne P. Morgenthau" July 26, 1970
  42. ↑ Advance News: "Mrs. Morgenthau Grants Interview in Her Charming Home in Riverdale, N.Y." October 7, 1962
  43. ↑ Franks, Lucinda (2014-08-19). Timeless: Love, Morgenthau, and Me. Macmillan. ISBN   9780374280802.
  44. 1 2 Poughkeepsie Journal: "Love, respect bind polar political ties for Morgenthau, Franks" by Karen Maserjian Shan August 15, 2015 | "(Lucinda) said, 'I'm a Christian, you're a Christian. We all bear responsibility for the Holocaust, for not doing more",
  45. ↑ Teicher, Morton I. (October 25, 2007). "Pulitzer Prize winner's memoir tells of hidden family past". St. Louis Jewish Light.
  46. ↑ "Josh Morgenthau takes over family pastime". The Poughkeepsie Journal. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
Legal offices
Preceded by
Morton S. Robson
Acting		 U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York
1961 – 1962		Succeeded by
Vincent L. Broderick
Acting
Preceded by
Vincent L. Broderick
Acting		 U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York
1962 – 1970		Succeeded by
Whitney North Seymour, Jr.
Preceded by
Richard Kuh 		New York County District Attorney
1975 – 2009		Succeeded by
Cyrus Vance, Jr.
Party political offices
Preceded by
W. Averell Harriman 		Democratic Nominee for Governor of New York
1962 		Succeeded by
Frank D. O'Connor
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