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Diocese of Antwerp Dioecesis Antverpiensis Bisdom Antwerpen (Dutch) Diocèse d'Anvers (French) Bistum von Antwerpen (German) | |
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Location | |
Country | Belgium |
Ecclesiastical province | Mechelen-Brussels |
Metropolitan | Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels |
Coordinates | 51°13′06″N4°24′10″E / 51.218214°N 4.402657°E |
Statistics | |
Area | 2,570 km2 (990 sq mi) |
Population - Total - Catholics | (as of 2020) 1,586,590 1,215,000 (76.6%) |
Information | |
Denomination | Catholic Church |
Sui iuris church | Latin Church |
Rite | Roman Rite |
Established | 8 December 1961 |
Cathedral | Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp |
Patron saint | Ignatius of Loyola |
Current leadership | |
Pope | Francis |
Bishop | Johan Bonny |
Metropolitan Archbishop | Jozef De Kesel |
Bishops emeritus | Paul Van den Berghe |
Map | |
The territorial extent of the diocese of Antwerp. Note that it is smaller than the Province of Antwerp |
The Diocese of Antwerp (Latin : Dioecesis Antverpiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. The diocese was restored in 1961. [1] It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels. Its cathedra is found within the Cathedral of Our Lady.
In the Middle Ages, Antwerp was within the Diocese of Cambrai. In 1559, at the instance of Philip II of Spain, a new arrangement of the episcopal sees of the Low countries was made by Pope Paul IV. Three archiepiscopal and fourteen episcopal sees were created, and all external jurisdiction, however ancient, abolished. Antwerp became one of the six suffragans of Mechlin, and remained such until the end of the eighteenth century.
This step did not meet with the goodwill of the merchants of the city, who feared the introduction of the Inquisition and the costliness of an episcopal establishment, and urged the transfer of the new see to Leuven, where it would be less offensive to the non-Catholic elements of their city. Catholic monastic interests were active, being now called on by the Pope to provide for the support of the new see. Finally, the famous theologian Franciscus Sonnius (from Son in Brabant) was transferred from the diocese of Bois-le-Duc to Antwerp in 1569 as first bishop of the new see, and governed it until his death in 1576.
Ten years of religious and political conflict elapsed before another bishop could be appointed in the person of Laevinus Torrentius (Lieven van der Beken or Liévin van der Beken), a Leuven theologian, graceful humanist, and diplomat. He died in 1595. The scholarly Joannes Miraeus (or Le Mire) was Bishop of Antwerp from 1604 to 1611, and was succeeded in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by a series of fifteen bishops, the last of whom was Cornelius Franciscus Nelis, librarian of the University of Leuven and Bishop of Antwerp from 1785 to his death in 1798.
In accordance with the Concordat of 1801, Pope Pius VII suppressed the see on 29 November 1801, by the Bull Qui Christi Domini vices, its former Belgian territory transferred to the Archdiocese of Mechlin, the Dutch portion to the Diocese of Breda. [2] The diocese was restored in 1961 by Pope John XXIII. It comprises the territory of the Belgian province of Antwerp, minus eight municipalities in the south which belong to Mechelen-Brussels including Bonheiden, Duffel, Mechelen and Sint-Katelijne-Waver, and the municipality of Zwijndrecht, which belongs to the Diocese of Ghent.
The abbeys and convents of Antwerp were long very famous centres of its religious life. In the twelfth century the Canons Regular of St. Norbert (Premonstratensians) founded the abbey of St. Michael, that would become one of the principal abbeys of the Low Countries, sheltered many royal guests, and eventually excited greed and persecution by reason of its wealth. The Cathedral of Antwerp was originally a small Premonstratensian shrine known familiarly as "Our Lady of the Stump." Many other religious orders found a shelter in Antwerp, Dominicans, Franciscans (1446), Carmelites (1494), Carthusians (1632), and female branches of the same. The Cistercians had two great abbeys, St. Sauveur, founded in 1451 by the devout merchant Peter Pot, and St. Bernard, about six miles from Antwerp, founded in 1233. [3]
Pierre François Xavier de Ram, was a Belgian papal prelate, canon and historian, best known for being the first rector of the new Catholic University of Belgium, founded in Mechelen in 1834, which in 1835 moved to Leuven as the Catholic University of Leuven.
The Catholic Church in Belgium, part of the global Catholic Church in Belgium, is under the spiritual leadership of the Pope, the curia in Rome and the Episcopal Conference of Bishops.
William Damasus Lindanus or Van der Lindt was a 16th-century Bishop of Roermond and Bishop of Ghent.
Andreas Schott was an academic, linguist, translator, editor and a Jesuit priest from Antwerp in the Habsburg Netherlands. He was mainly known for his editions of Latin and Greek classical literature.
Cornelius Jansen, the Elder was a Catholic exegete and the first Bishop of Ghent. According to M.A. Screech, Jansen is considered by many to be the most outstanding Roman Catholic biblical scholar of his age.
Franciscus Sonnius was a theologian during the time of the Catholic Reformation, the first bishop of 's-Hertogenbosch and later the first bishop of Antwerp. His family name was Van de Velde, but in later years he called himself after his native place, Son in Brabant. He came from the same noble family as philosopher Heymeric de Campo. The family has three golden mill-irons in their coat-of-arms, a sign that is depicted on the chair of the first bishop in the cathedral of Antwerp.
Aubert le Mire, Latinized Aubertus Miraeus was an ecclesiastical historian in the Spanish Netherlands.
The Diocese of Ghent is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels. The patron of the diocese is Saint Bavo of Ghent.
Francis Wichmans (1596–1661), in religion Augustinus, was a Premonstratensian spiritual author, missionary, and abbot of Tongerlo Abbey. In the last capacity he sat in the First Estate of the States of Brabant.
The Belgian Bishops' Conference or the Episcopal Conference of Belgium is the permanent organ of the Roman Catholic bishops in Belgium. It is a member of the Council of European Bishops' Conferences. It includes the bishops, auxiliary bishops and retired bishops of the ecclesiastical province of Belgium.
The Archdiocese of Mechelen–Brussels is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. It is the primatial see of Belgium and the centre of the ecclesiastical province governed by the Archbishop of Mechelen–Brussels, which covers the whole of Belgium. It was formed in 1559 and the bishop has a seat in two cathedrals, St. Rumbold's Cathedral in Mechelen and the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula in Brussels. The current archbishop is Luc Terlinden, who was installed in September 2023.
Laevinus Torrentius, born Lieven van der Beke (1525–1595), was the second bishop of Antwerp and one of the leading humanists of his time. He was a Neo-Latin poet, who achieved fame as the editor of Suetonius and Horace. spending many years in Rome in his youth, he developed a serious interest in ancient numismatics. He possessed a large library of about 1,700 books.
Johannes Lievens, Latinized Johannes Livineius (1546/47–1599), was a scholar of Greek patristics from the Habsburg Netherlands.
Remi Drieux, Latinized Remigius Driutius (1519–1594) was the first bishop of Leeuwarden and the second bishop of Bruges.
Guillaume de Berghes or of Glymes(1551–1609), baron of Grimbergen, was bishop of Antwerp from 1597 to 1601 and archbishop of Cambrai from 1601 until his death.
Jean Dave (1531–1595) was a prelate in the Habsburg Netherlands who briefly served as the third bishop of Namur.
Cornelius Franciscus Nelis (1736—1798) was the last bishop of Antwerp before the suppression of the diocese during the French period.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Antwerp". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.