Bidens is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. The genus include roughly 230 species which are distributed worldwide. Despite their global distribution, the systematics and taxonomy of the genus has been described as complicated and unorganized. The common names beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds and tickseed sunflowers refer to the fruits of the plants, most of which are bristly and barbed. The generic name refers to the same character; Bidens comes from the Latin bis ("two") and dens ("tooth").
Melicope is a genus of about 240 species of shrubs and trees in the family Rutaceae, occurring from the Hawaiian Islands across the Pacific Ocean to tropical Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Plants in the genus Melicope have simple or trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers arranged in panicles, with four sepals, four petals and four or eight stamens and fruit composed of up to four follicles.
Coprosma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in New Zealand, Hawaiian Islands, Borneo, Java, New Guinea, islands of the Pacific Ocean to Australia and the Juan Fernández Islands.
The Hawaiian lobelioids are a group of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae, subfamily Lobelioideae, all of which are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This is the largest plant radiation in the Hawaiian Islands, and indeed the largest on any island archipelago, with over 125 species. The six genera involved can be broadly separated based on growth habit: Clermontia are typically branched shrubs or small trees, up to 7 metres (23 ft) tall, with fleshy fruits; Cyanea and Delissea are typically unbranched or branching only at the base, with a cluster of relatively broad leaves at the apex and fleshy fruits; Lobelia and Trematolobelia have long thin leaves down a single, non-woody stem and capsular fruits with wind-dispersed seeds; and the peculiar Brighamia have a short, thick stem with a dense cluster of broad leaves, elongate white flowers, and capsular fruits. The relationships among the genera and sections remains unsettled as of April 2022.
Amaranthus brownii was an annual herb in the family Amaranthaceae. The plant was found only on the small island of Nihoa in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, growing on rocky outcrops at altitudes of 120–215 m (394–705 ft). It was one of nine species of Amaranthus in the Hawaiian Islands, as well as the only endemic Hawaiian species of the genus. It is now considered extinct.
Tetraplasandra is a no longer recognised genus of plants in the ivy family, Araliaceae. They are small to medium trees, of mesic to wet forests.
Phyllostegia is a genus of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described in 1840. It is native to certain islands in the Pacific. Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis, became extinct before 2021 and was delisted from the Endangered Species Act based on extinction.
- Phyllostegia ambigua(A.Gray) Hillebr - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia bracteataSherff - Maui
- Phyllostegia brevidensA.Gray - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia electraC.N.Forbes - Kauai
- Phyllostegia floribundaBenth - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia glabra (Gaudich.) Benth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia grandiflora(Gaudich.) Benth - Oahu
- Phyllostegia haliakalaeWawra - Maui, Molokai
- Phyllostegia helleriSherff - Wai'alae Valley of Kauai
- †Phyllostegia hillebrandiiH.Mann ex Hillebr - Maui but extinct
- Phyllostegia hirsutaBenth. - Oahu
- Phyllostegia hispidaHillebr. - Molokai
- Phyllostegia kaalaensisH.St.John - Oahu
- Phyllostegia kahiliensisH.St.John - Kauai
- Phyllostegia knudseniiHillebr. - Kauai
- Phyllostegia macrophylla(Gaudich.) Benth. - Hawaii Big Island, Maui
- Phyllostegia manniiSherff - Molokai, Maui
- Phyllostegia micranthaH.St.John - Oahu
- Phyllostegia mollisBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia parvifloraBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia pilosaH.St.John - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia racemosaBenth. - Hawaiian Islands
- Phyllostegia renovansW.L.Wagner - Kauai
- †Phyllostegia rockiiSherff - Maui but extinct
- Phyllostegia stachyoidesA.Gray - Hawaiian Islands
- †Phyllostegia tahitensisNadeaud - Tahiti but extinct
- Phyllostegia tongaensisH.St.John - Tonga
- †Phyllostegia variabilisBitter - Midway Islands but extinct
- Phyllostegia velutina(Sherff) H.St.John - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia vestitaBenth. - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia waimeaeWawra - Kauai
- Phyllostegia warshaueriH.St.John - Hawaii Big Island
- Phyllostegia wawranaSherff - Kauai
- Phyllostegia × yamaguchiiHosaka & O.Deg. - Oahu (P. glabra × P. hirsuta)
Schiedea obovata is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the island of Oahu in the Hawaiian Islands, where it grows in lowland moist forests from 550 to 800 meters elevation. There are only 38 plants in the single known population, and the species is assessed as Critically Endangered. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Schiedea trinervis, also called three nerved alsinidendron, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, that is endemic to island of Oʻahu in Hawaii. It is a subshrub, reaching a height of 30–80 cm (12–31 in).
Bobea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. All species in this genus are endemic to Hawaii. Bobea was named for Jean-Baptiste Bobe-Moreau by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré in 1830 in his book Voyage de l'Uranie.
Labordia is a genus of plant in family Loganiaceae. There are 16 species all endemic to Hawaii. It is closely related to Geniostoma
Schiedea adamantis, commonly known as Diamond Head schiedea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, that is endemic to the island of Oʻahu in Hawaii. It inhabits low shrublands on steep slopes along the northwest rim of Diamond Head Crater. Associated plants include nehe, kāwelu, ʻakoko, and ʻilima. There are only about 30 individuals remaining, and they are threatened by habitat loss.
Schiedea kaalae, known as Oahu schiedea or Maʻoliʻoli in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, that is endemic to the island of Oʻahu in Hawaii. It inhabits coastal mesic and mixed mesic forests at elevations of 210–790 m (690–2,590 ft) in the Koʻolau and Waiʻanae Ranges. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Myrsine is a genus of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. It was formerly placed in the family Myrsinaceae before this was merged into the Primulaceae. It is found nearly worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. It contains over 280 species, including several notable radiations, such as the matipo of New Zealand and the kōlea of Hawaiʻi. In the United States, members of this genus are known as colicwood. Some species, especially M. africana, are grown as ornamental shrubs.
Lipochaeta, common name nehe, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to Hawaii.
Melanthera, is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to North and South America, as well as Africa, Asia and Oceania, including Hawaiʻi.
Stenogyne is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family first described in 1830. The entire genus is endemic to Hawaii.
- Stenogyne strangulationA.Gray - narrow leaf stenography
- Stenogyne bifidaHillebr. - two cleft stenography - Molokai
- Stenogyne methodicalnessA.Gray - bog stenography - Big Island
- Stenogyne cosmicallySherff - Maui
- Stenogyne campanulataWeller & Sakai - Kala Valley stenography - Kauai
- †Stenogyne incinerateHillebr - Maui but extinct
- Stenogyne cranwelliaeSherff - Big Island
- †Stenogyne haliakalaeWawra - Maui but extinct
- Stenogyne kaalaeWawra - Oahu
- Stenogyne kamehamehaeWawra - Molokai, Maui
- Stenogyne kanehoanaO.Deg. & Sherff - Oahu stenography - Oahu
- Stenogyne kauaulaensisK.R.Wood & H.Oppenh. - Maui
- Stenogyne kealiaeWawra - Kauai
- Stenogyne macranthaBenth. - Big Island
- Stenogyne microphyllaBenth. - Maui, Big Island
- †Stenogyne oxygonaO.Deg. & Sherff - Big Island but extinct
- Stenogyne purpureaH.Mann - Kauai
- Stenogyne rotundifoliaA.Gray - pua'ainaka - Maui
- Stenogyne rugosaBenth. - ma'ohi'ohi - Maui, Big Island
- Stenogyne scrophularioidesBenth. - mohihi - Big Island
- Stenogyne sessilisBenth. - Lanai, Maui, Big Island
- †Stenogyne viridisHillebr. - Maui but extinct
Haplostachys (honohono) is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described as a genus in 1888. The entire genus is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, although 4 of the 5 known species that have been placed in the genus are now believed to be extinct, the fifth listed as "Critically Imperiled."
Warren Lambert Wagner is an American botanist, a curator of botany, and a leading expert on Onagraceae and plants of the Pacific Islands, especially plants of the Hawaiian Islands.
Ann Kiku Sakai is a plant biologist at the University of California, Irvine known for her work on plant breeding and speciation. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
