Senator Armstrong (Metal Gear)

Last updated

Senator Armstrong
Metal Gear character
MetalGear-Armstrong.png
Senator Armstrong after powering up as seen in Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance .
First appearance Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013)
Created byKenji Saito [1]
Designed byYonghee Cho [1]
Voiced by EN: Alastair Duncan [2]
JA: Unsho Ishizuka [3]
In-universe information
Origin United States of America
Nationality American

SenatorSteven Armstrong (Japanese: スティーヴン・アームストロング, Hepburn: Sutīvun Āmusutorongu) is the main antagonist and final boss of the 2013 action video game Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance , a PlatinumGames-developed spin-off of the Metal Gear franchise. He utilizes terrorist groups to start a war to jump-start the American economy, as part of a plot to be elected President of the United States. However, he later reveals that his true goals are to purge America of corruption and end the concept of war as a business, as well as enact a form of social Darwinism. While initially presented as a normal human, a plot twist prior to his battle with game protagonist Raiden reveals Armstrong to be nanomachine-augmented and capable of superhuman strength and durability. In Japanese, he is voiced by Unsho Ishizuka, while in English he is voiced by Alastair Duncan.

Contents

Since his debut, Armstrong has been met with a positive critical response, with many highlighting his role in the game and praise being given to his boss battle, particularly through reactions to his rhetoric in the form of Internet memes. Both the character and the music that accompanies him during his boss fights have been analyzed for their ideals and political analogies. His stated goals and views of American culture have been compared to those of Donald Trump by numerous commentators.

Conception and design

Armstrong's nanomachines in action. The strain causes his blood vessels to swell in his powered-up state, particularly around his heart. MetalGear-Armstrong-Nanomachines.gif
Armstrong's nanomachines in action. The strain causes his blood vessels to swell in his powered-up state, particularly around his heart.

Armstrong was created by game director Kenji Saito when developing Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance. Saito wanted a character who could illustrate how human enhancement could exceed the strength of cyborgs in the Metal Gear universe. While the idea of nanotechnology to enhance the human body was explored previously with the character Vamp in Metal Gear Solid 2 , the nanomachines in Armstrong's body were of a much higher concentration. They give him enhanced strength but also act as self-repair units. In addition they allow him to temporarily harden his skin and muscles beyond their normal limits at will, and in response to physical trauma. [1]

Designed by Yonghee Cho, Armstrong is a tall man with a long forehead, pronounced chin, glasses, and a pinstripe suit with a yellow tie and white shirt underneath. When utilizing his nanomachines, Armstrong's body gains significant muscle mass, and causes his heart and blood vessels to stand out. In early concept art, the blood vessels in areas affected by pressure would concentrate and thicken further on the affected location, causing the area to turn blood red. However in the final game, the affected areas instead turn black, while his eyes glow red. Originally Cho had designed him to look "smarter and sharper", however some of the development team felt this made him not look "impressive enough", so he emphasized Armstrong's forehead and chin. While Cho stated he still prefers the initial design, he felt the finalized one better reflected the character's voice and philosophy. [1]

Armstrong is voiced by Unsho Ishizuka in Japanese, [3] while Alastair Duncan provided his voice in English. When cast, Duncan was not informed what character he would be voicing or that Armstrong would be the main villain, simply stating "All I knew was that my character was an amoral 'power-hungry American senator'". In an interview with VG247 , Duncan stated he enjoyed doing the role, enjoying the more plausible aspects of Armstrong's character and adding that it felt powerful "to actually be able to play something where you're playing as a total megalomaniac". [2]

Appearances

Steven Armstrong is a Colorado senator introduced in the 2013 action-adventure game Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance, developed by Platinum Games and produced by Konami. Acting as the game's main antagonist, he also acts as the primary backer of two private military corporations within the title, Desperado and World Marshal, which act under his orders to commit terrorist acts and drive conflict. At the game's climax, he appears piloting a large hexapedal mech named "Metal Gear EXCELSUS" and reveals his plan to cause a war to jumpstart the American economy to end a recession, and using it as a platform to become President of the United States. He attacks protagonist Raiden, and the mech is disabled in the ensuing battle. [4]

Emerging from EXCELSUS' core, Armstrong reveals himself to be infused with nanomachines, and after absorbing metal from the mech's remains becomes significantly larger and attacks Raiden in hand-to-hand combat. During the battle he reveals the truth of his goals in an attempt to convince Raiden to side with him: he is disgusted with the corruption in America, and seeks to use war as a business to end war as a business. However his policy also relies on a form of social Darwinism, where "the weak will be purged, and the strongest will thrive". Raiden refuses to join him, and after a prolonged battle is able to tear out Armstrong's heart. In his dying moments, Armstrong states that the corruption will continue, but names Raiden his successor. Raiden later quotes Armstrong during the game's concluding scene, before engaging in another battle. [4]

In the "Jetstream" downloadable content for Revengeance, which takes place prior to the events of the game, Armstrong appears as the final boss to forcibly recruit the character Jetstream Sam to his cause. [5] In other titles, Armstrong also appears on cards for Metal Gear Solid: Social Ops, an online mobile card game released by Konami. [6]

Promotion and reception

A portion of Armstrong's speech from Revengeance. The speech in its entirety has been examined by media outlets in terms of dialogue and delivery not only within the scope of internet memes, but also in the context of modern politics, criticisms of America, and the differing philosophies between Armstrong and Raiden

To promote the game and character, in May 2012 Konami posted a "leaked" audio log, stated to be from a whistleblower website called "WarOnOurShores.com", that featured Armstrong discussing his plans with his speech writer. [7] For the game's 10th anniversary, Platinum Games' staff produced various artworks of the characters in celebration, with Kenji Saito acknowledging Armstrong's heavy use in western internet memes. [8]

Armstrong was positively received since his debut. He was heavily praised by the staff of Dualshockers, who not only named him the best boss in the game, but also one of the most iconic villains in video games a whole, with Nicholas Pence summarizing that the final boss of a perfect game "should always serve as the highest point for a game in terms of theming, memorability, and overall gameplay—Armstrong nails all of these aspects." [9] Scott McCrae of VG247 stated that Armstrong "cemented himself as one of the most iconic characters in Metal Gear history", describing the character as a surprise in contrast to other series villains and politicians. He noted that while the series was known for characters that monologued, few did it "while manhandling the protagonist", and combined with his intensity and Duncan's performance made him an effective politician in McCrae's eyes, even if Armstrong's statements were unrealistic and insane. [2]

Other outlets acknowledged that while he only appeared at the end of Revengeance, he had significant impact. Shubhankar Parijat of GamingBolt stated in 2023 that "he may very well be" one the best villains in video games in the last decade, stating that while he didn't have a massive role in the game, "boy did he have a massive presence". They added that while the boss fight itself was punishing, Armstrong had one of the best personalities of anyone in the whole game, "and has single handedly given birth to some of the best gaming memes you’ll ever see". [10] Gabriel Zamora of PCMag stated that while the character was portrayed as "a giant, campy, football-loving American", his viewpoints towards topics such as American consumption of the media and the government were "uncannily prophetic", and felt that his importance in the game's narrative could not be overstated. [11]

Several video game publications, as well as Armstrong's voice actor Alastair Duncan himself, have compared Armstrong to former United States President Donald Trump. Similarly to Trump, Armstrong uses reactionary and anti-establishment rhetoric to win over the American public, as well as the exact slogan "Make America Great Again", a line uttered by Armstrong that had also been used by Ronald Reagan. [12] [13] [14] In 2016, Harper Jay MacIntyre in an article for Kotaku drew parallels between Armstrong's ideology and that of then-presidential candidate Trump as a form of protest against Trump's policies and to urge people to vote in the impending election. [15]

Character analysis

Comic Book Resources ' Sam Rowett, in examining the philosophy behind Revengeance, described Armstrong's ideals as those of philosopher Ayn Rand "taken to their logical conclusion". However, he pointed out that while Armstrong expressed disdain for "the weak", Raiden's retort that Armstrong knows nothing of them was accurate: Armstrong relies on his wealth and the strength provided by the nanomachines, in contrast to Raiden who through the story is stripped of his humanity and constantly tries to reconnect with it. In this way Rowett felt Armstrong did not live up to his own ideals, and instead represented a lust for power, "even at the expense of others", while Raiden reflected American optimism. While both men were driven by their disgust for what America had become, he saw in the game's conclusion that Raiden did not necessarily take on Armstrong's ideals, but instead his drive to "achieve his goal by any means necessary." [16]

Despite their earlier article, in their book titled Rules of Nature, MacIntyre would describe Armstrong's rhetoric as the game shifting from attacking the player's character to the player themselves, particularly the Western audience in its condemnation of modern America. Describing him as a "villain of grandeur" and a symbol of "violent Americana", they felt that the character and Raiden's reactions to him provided the series' "most open and honest damnation of political structures." They further noted the shared ideals Armstrong and Raiden share in their disdain for the state of America, however due to the former's desire to use Social Darwinism as a solution, the two were inevitable to come into conflict. Armstrong's death represented in MacIntyre's eyes the vanquishing of a "passionate foe corrupted by imperfect beliefs", reflected in the nature of his exposed nanomachine-infused heart before it is crushed, something that "pounds with life but it is still artificial and unnatural". Though Armstrong dies, MacIntyre felt he and Raiden developed a bond through combat, reflected in Raiden quoting Armstrong at the game's conclusion. [4]

The lyrics in the background music tracks that play during each of Armstrong's boss fights have also been analyzed and praised for how they illustrate the character's themes. MacIntyre emphasized the use of "blindly" in "Collective Consciousness", the track used in the EXCELSUS battle, to illustrate the game's condemnation of American politics: how the populace will "ignore the real cost of their happiness, justify the actions that granted it" and instead engage in rampant consumption. [4] Meanwhile, Rizky Anugrah Putra in the journal Pulchra Lingua: A Journal of Language Study, Literature & Linguistics examined how the final boss track "It Has To Be This Way" illustrated the conflict between Raiden and Armstrong and how both men wanting to make the world better, with Armstrong dreaming of America "becoming a country where every citizen can realize and fight for his dreams". However, despite being able to comprehend each other's viewpoints and knowing violence would only make things worse, Armstrong's ideals are so extreme that the only resolution is violent conflict, and the resulting destruction will bring change. [17]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solid Snake</span> Fictional character from the Metal Gear series

Solid Snake is a fictional character from the Metal Gear series created by Hideo Kojima and developed and published by Konami, appearing as the main protagonist in many of the games of the series. He is depicted as a former Green Beret and highly skilled special operations soldier engaged in solo stealth and espionage missions who is often tasked with destroying models of the bipedal nuclear weapon-armed mecha known as Metal Gear. Controlled by the player, he must act alone, supported via radio by commanding officers and specialists. While his first appearances in the original Metal Gear games were references to Hollywood films, the Metal Gear Solid series has given a consistent design by artist Yoji Shinkawa alongside an established personality while also exploring his relationship with his mentor and father.

Metal Gear is a franchise of stealth games created by Hideo Kojima. Developed and published by Konami, the first game, Metal Gear, was released in 1987 for MSX home computers. The player often takes control of a special forces operative, who is assigned the task of finding the titular superweapon, "Metal Gear", a bipedal walking tank with the ability to launch nuclear weapons.

<i>Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake</i> 1990 stealth action game

Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake is a 1990 action-adventure stealth video game developed and published by Konami for the MSX2 computer platform. It serves as a sequel to the MSX2 version of the original Metal Gear, written and designed by series's creator Hideo Kojima, who conceived the game in response to Snake's Revenge, a separately-produced sequel that was being developed at the time for the NES specifically for the North American and European markets. The MSX2 version of Solid Snake was only released in Japan, although Kojima would later direct another sequel titled Metal Gear Solid, which was released worldwide for the PlayStation in 1998 to critical acclaim. This later led to Solid Snake being re-released alongside the original Metal Gear as additional content in the Subsistence version of Metal Gear Solid 3 for the PlayStation 2 in 2005. It was also included in the HD remastered ports of Metal Gear Solid 3 released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, and Xbox 360, and was given a standalone re-release in Japan as a downloadable game for mobile phones and the Wii Virtual Console.

<i>Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty</i> 2001 video game

Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty is a 2001 action-adventure stealth video game developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan and published by Konami for the PlayStation 2. Originally released on November 13, it is the fourth Metal Gear game produced by Hideo Kojima, the seventh overall game in the series and is a sequel to Metal Gear Solid (1998). An expanded edition, titled Metal Gear Solid 2: Substance, was released the following year for Xbox and Windows in addition to the PlayStation 2. A remastered version of the game, Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty - HD Edition, was later included in the Metal Gear Solid HD Collection for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and PlayStation Vita. The HD Edition of the game was included in the Metal Gear Solid: Master Collection Vol. 1 compilation for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S, which was released on October 24, 2023.

<i>Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater</i> 2004 video game

Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater is a 2004 action-adventure stealth video game developed and published by Konami for the PlayStation 2. It was released in late 2004 in North America and Japan, and in early 2005 in Europe and Australia. It was the fifth Metal Gear game written and directed by Hideo Kojima and serves as a prequel to the entire Metal Gear series. An expanded edition, titled Metal Gear Solid 3: Subsistence, was released in Japan in late 2005, then in North America, Europe and Australia in 2006. A remastered version of the game, Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater - HD Edition, was later included in the Metal Gear Solid HD Collection for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and PlayStation Vita, while a reworked version, titled Metal Gear Solid: Snake Eater 3D, was released for the Nintendo 3DS in 2012. The HD Edition of the game was included on the Metal Gear Solid: Master Collection Vol. 1 compilation for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S on October 24, 2023. The same year, Konami announced a remake, entitled Metal Gear Solid Delta: Snake Eater, set to release for PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S in 2024.

Raiden (<i>Metal Gear</i>) Character in Metal Gear

Raiden, real name Jack, is a character and one of the protagonists of Konami's Metal Gear series of action-adventure stealth video games. Created by Hideo Kojima and designed by Yoji Shinkawa, Raiden was introduced in the series as the main player character of the 2001 game Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty. In Metal Gear Solid 2, he appears to be a member of the U.S. special operations unit FOXHOUND and is participating in his first mission against terrorists. Despite coming across as a young rookie, he is later revealed to have been a child soldier in his native Liberia. Raiden also appears as a supporting character in the 2008 game Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots, in which he is assisting the series' main protagonist Solid Snake in his fight against Revolver Ocelot's forces. He is also the main character of the 2013 game Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance, in which he is dealing with his past and his present life as a combatant who faces enemies from private military companies.

Liquid Snake is a fictional character from the Metal Gear franchise. Along with protagonist Solid Snake he is the a product of Les Enfants Terribles, a top-secret government project to artificially create soldiers by cloning the legendary soldier Big Boss. He first appears as the main antagonist in the original Metal Gear Solid, where he leads the rogue FOXHOUND unit in a hostile takeover of a nuclear disposal facility in Alaska. The character returns in Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain as a child mercenary nicknamed the White Mamba with his real name revealed to be Eli.

<i>Snakes Revenge</i> 1990 stealth action game

Snake's Revenge is a stealth action-adventure video game produced by Konami for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1990. It is a stand-alone sequel to Metal Gear that was released in North America and the PAL region following the international commercial success of the NES version. The game was produced without the involvement of series creator Hideo Kojima, who went on to develop a separate sequel for the MSX2 titled Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake, which was released later during the same year in Japan.

Big Boss (<i>Metal Gear</i>) Fictional character from the Metal Gear series

Big Boss is a fictional character from the Metal Gear series created by Hideo Kojima and developed and published by Konami. He was first introduced in the 1987 Metal Gear game as the commanding officer and father of Solid Snake, featuring in a twist as the game's main antagonist. He is later featured in the prequel games as Naked Snake, an American Special Forces Operator and decorated war hero. Political manipulations cause him to be disillusioned when facing his own mentor, and he gradually develops his own private mercenary company while growing into the original Big Boss persona and being referred to as simply Snake.

<i>Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots</i> 2008 video game

Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots is a 2008 action-adventure stealth video game developed by Kojima Productions and published by Konami for the PlayStation 3. It is the sixth Metal Gear game directed by Hideo Kojima. Set five years after the events of Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, the story centers around a prematurely aged Solid Snake, now known as Old Snake, as he goes on one last mission to assassinate his nemesis Liquid Snake, who now inhabits the body of his former henchman Revolver Ocelot under the guise of Liquid Ocelot, before he takes control of the Sons of the Patriots, an A.I. system that controls the activities of PMCs worldwide. The game was released on June 12, 2008.

Characters of the <i>Metal Gear</i> series

The Metal Gear franchise features a large number of characters created by Hideo Kojima and designed by Yoji Shinkawa. Its setting features several soldiers with supernatural powers provided by scientific advancements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metal Gear (mecha)</span> Fictional weapon

Metal Gear are the mecha in the Metal Gear series. In the series, a Metal Gear is a bipedal, nuclear weapons-equipped tank. The Metal Gears are typically autonomous nuclear launch platforms which the player must destroy to save the world and complete the game. Often, confronting the latest Metal Gear model is one of the final challenges of each game.

<i>Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops</i> 2006 action-adventure stealth video game

Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops, officially abbreviated MPO, is a 2006 action-adventure stealth video game developed and published by Konami for the PlayStation Portable. The game was directed by Masahiro Yamamoto and written by Gakuto Mikumo, with series creator Hideo Kojima acting as producer.

<i>Metal Gear Online</i> 2008 video game

Metal Gear Online, and also known as Metal Gear Online 2, was a stealth third-person shooter video game for the PlayStation 3. It was an online multiplayer spin-off of the Metal Gear video game series. The starter pack of Online was available worldwide bundled with Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots, with a standalone release for Japan. The name Metal Gear Online is common with earlier online components for Metal Gear Solid 3: Subsistence and Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops. Metal Gear Online's North American and European servers were shut down on June 12, 2012.

<i>Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance</i> 2013 video game

Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by PlatinumGames and published by Konami. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in February 2013, Windows and OS X in January and September 2014, and Nvidia Shield TV in January 2016. It is a spin-off in the Metal Gear series, set four years after the events of Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots. It features returning Metal Gear character Raiden as he confronts a private military company that intends to destabilize peaceful nations for profit. The gameplay focuses on fighting enemies using a sword and other weapons to perform combos and counterattacks. Through the use of "Blade Mode", Raiden can dismember enemies in slow motion and steal health items from their bodies. The series' usual stealth elements are also optional, serving as a means to avoid combat. Two downloadable content chapters were also released, set before the main campaign and centers on Raiden's enemies.

<i>Metal Gear</i> (video game) Pioneering stealth video game from 1987 by Konami

Metal Gear is an action-adventure stealth video game developed and published by Konami for the MSX2. It was released for the system in Japan and parts of Europe in 1987. Considered to have popularized the stealth game genre, it was the first video game to be fully developed by Hideo Kojima, who would go on to direct most of the games that followed in the Metal Gear series. A reworked port of the game was released for the Famicom a few months later, which later saw release in international markets for the NES over the following two years; this version was developed without Kojima's involvement and features drastically altered level designs, among other changes.

<i>Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain</i> 2015 video game

Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain is a 2015 action-adventure stealth video game developed and published by Konami. Directed, written, and designed by Hideo Kojima, it is the ninth installment in the Metal Gear franchise, following Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes, a stand-alone prologue released the previous year. Set in 1984, nine years after the events of Ground Zeroes, the story follows mercenary leader Punished "Venom" Snake as he ventures into Soviet-occupied Afghanistan and the Angola–Zaire border region to exact revenge on those who destroyed his forces and came close to killing him during the climax of Ground Zeroes.

<i>Metal Gear Survive</i> 2018 video game

Metal Gear Survive is a 2018 survival game developed by Konami Digital Entertainment and published by Konami. The game was released for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in February 2018. It is the first Metal Gear game to be developed following the series' creator Hideo Kojima's departure from Konami in late 2015, and the first since 1990's Snake's Revenge to be made without Kojima's input. Survive takes place between the events of Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes and Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain, and follows the Captain, an MSF soldier who enters a parallel dimension and establishes a local command center to unravel the mysteries of a strange virus that turns people into zombie-like creatures.

The Metal Gear video games consist of 17 different albums, totaling over 940 minutes of music within the 11 games. There were four different music labels used for the albums in different games. These include Sony Entertainment, Konami Digital Entertainment, Phantom Studios, Sumthing Else Music Works, and King Records (Japan). The most used record labels were Konami Digital Entertainment and King Records. Konami was used for Metal Gear 20th Anniversary: Metal Gear Music Collection, Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots Original Soundtrack, Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker Original Soundtrack, and the Metal Gear 25th Anniversary: Metal Gear Music Collection, Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance. King Records was used for Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake Original Soundtrack, Metal Gear Solid Original Game Soundtrack, Metal Gear/ Solid Snake: Music Compilation of Hideo Kojima / Red Dis, Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty Original Soundtrack, and Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty Soundtrack 2: The Other Side. Several different producers were used for different games. These include Konami, Masahiro Hinami, Noriakio Kamura, Norihiko Hibino, Tojima, Harry Gregson-Williams. Konami producing 6 out of the 11 Metal Gear games. The games used many different genres of music throughout the games. They are as follows: breakbeat, classical, drum and bass, electronic, hip hop, jazz, ambient, acoustic, Latin American, electronic rock, industrial metal, alternative metal, hard rock, power metal, neoclassical, romantic music, lounge, and rock and roll.

The music of Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), developed by PlatinumGames and published by Konami, was composed primarily by Jamie Christopherson. Composed over a period of six months starting in November 2011, Christopherson worked with several other artists such as Logan Mader to create 13 heavy metal tracks for the game, some of which were assigned to specific characters and are adaptive to the gameplay. The soundtrack received praise for its composition and usage in the game. The game itself experienced a resurgence in popularity in 2022, attributed to a spate of new viral memes based on its music.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance - The Complete Official Guide - Collector's Edition. Piggyback. 2013. p. 254. ASIN   B011YUJ67M.
  2. 1 2 3 McCrae, Scott (May 25, 2023). "Forget Remakes and Remasters – There's Never Been a Better Time to Revisit Metal Gear Rising Revengeance". VG247 . Archived from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  3. 1 2 【ワンピース】黄猿の声優・石塚運昇さんについて [[One Piece] About Unsho Ishizuka, the Voice Actor of Kizaru]. 声優情報局[Voice Actor Information Bureau] (in Japanese). February 12, 2018. Archived from the original on March 17, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 MacIntyre, Harper Jay (2016). Rules of Nature. Lulu.com. pp. 21, 24–26. ISBN   9781365140983.
  5. ↑ Carter, Chris (April 9, 2013). "Review: Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance: Jetstream DLC". Destructoid . Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  6. ↑ 「MGS SOP」，レイドイベントVol.7を開始。「MGR」とのコラボカード第2弾も登場 ["MGS SOP", Raid Event vol.7 Begins. The Second Collaboration Card With "MGR" Also Appears]. 4Gamer.net . April 30, 2013. Archived from the original on June 3, 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  7. ↑ Konami (May 9, 2012). "Make It Right" - Senator Armstrong Leaked Audio. Archived from the original on March 18, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2024– via YouTube.
  8. ↑ Lada, Jenni (February 11, 2023). "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance Anniversary Celebrated with Character Art". Siliconera . Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  9. ↑ Pence, Nicholas (March 6, 2023). "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance - Every Boss, Ranked". Dualshockers. Archived from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  10. ↑ Parijat, Shubhankar (March 9, 2023). "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance – 10 Reasons Why it is Still Amazing". GamingBolt. Archived from the original on October 12, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  11. ↑ Zamora, Gabriel (February 14, 2024). "Cast Your Vote: The 11 Most Memorable Video Game Politicians of All Time". PCMag . Archived from the original on March 17, 2024. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  12. ↑ Bae, Corin MJ (May 9, 2022). "How Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance Predicted The Future". SVG. Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  13. ↑ Tamburro, Paul (January 19, 2017). "Metal Gear Rising Kinda Predicted Donald Trump". Mandatory. Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
  14. ↑ Duncan, Alastair [@realalastaird] (March 23, 2023). "#MetalGearRising:Revengeance is 10 years young and more people than ever are playing it! Thank you to @platinumgames for the chance to play this guy who announced "I'm going to make America great again!" Long before the orange muppet" (Tweet). Archived from the original on April 13, 2023 – via Twitter.
  15. ↑ MacIntyre, Harper Jay (November 7, 2016). "A Look Back On Metal Gear Rising's Last Boss, Who Wanted To Make America Great Again". Kotaku . Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  16. ↑ Rowett, Sam (October 11, 2021). "The Philosophy of Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance". Comic Book Resources . Archived from the original on June 13, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  17. ↑ Putra, Rizky Anugrah (2022). "A Critical Discourse Analysis of How Background Music Exhilarates Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance's Narratives". Pulchra Lingua: A Journal of Language Study, Literature & Linguistics. 1 (2): 139–140. doi: 10.58989/plj.v1i2.13 .
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.