Senegalia

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Senegalia
Acacia senegal - Kohler-s Medizinal-Pflanzen-004.jpg
Senegalia senegal
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Clade: Mimosoid clade
Genus: Senegalia
Raf. 1838
Type species
Senegalia senegal
(L.) Britton & P. Wilson
Sections and species-groups [1]
  • Section Senegalia
  • Section Monacanthea
    • Caesia species-group
    • Hainanensis species-group
    • Rugata species-group
    • Pennata species-group
    • Teniana species-group
Senegalia Distribution Map.svg
The range of the genus Senegalia
Synonyms
  • Acacia subgen. AculeiferumVassal sect. AculeiferumPedley
  • AustroacaciaMill.
  • DugandiaBritton & Killip 1936
  • ManganaroaSpeg. 1921

Senegalia (from Senegal and Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.) [2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the Mimosoid clade. Until 2005, its species were considered members of Acacia. [3] [4] The genus was considered polyphyletic and required further division, [4] [5] with the genera Parasenegalia and Pseudosenegalia accepted soon after.

Contents

Senegalia can be distinguished from other acacias by its spicate inflorescences and non-spinescent stipules. [6] Plants in the genus are native to the tropical and subtropical areas of the world, occurring on the Australian, Asian, African and South and North American continents, as well as in Wallacea. [7]

Species list

Senegalia comprises the following 222 species, as of February 2021: [7]

Reassigned taxa

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mimosoideae</span> Subfamily of legumes

The Mimosoideae are a traditional subfamily of trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae) that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates. They are typically characterized by having radially symmetric flowers, with petals that are twice divided (valvate) in bud and with numerous showy, prominent stamens.

<i>Bauhinia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Bauhinia is a large genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Cercidoideae and tribe Bauhinieae, in the large flowering plant family Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution. The genus was named after the Bauhin brothers Gaspard and Johann, Swiss-French botanists.

<i>Calliandra</i> Genus of legumes

Calliandra is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It contains about 140 species that are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas.

<i>Indigofera</i> Genus of plants

Indigofera is a large genus of over 750 species of flowering plants belonging to the pea family Fabaceae. They are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

<i>Senna</i> (plant) Genus of flowering leguminous plants

Senna, the sennas, is a large genus of flowering plants in the legume family. This diverse genus is native throughout the tropics, with a small number of species in temperate regions. The number of species is estimated to be from about 260 to 350. The type species for the genus is Senna alexandrina. About 50 species of Senna are known in cultivation.

<i>Senegalia rugata</i> Species of plant in the Fabaceae family

Senegalia rugata is a spiny climbing shrub native to China and tropical Asia, common in the warm plains of central and south India. It is renowned as a raw material for shampoo, and the leaves and young shoots are often eaten. Archaeobotanical evidence shows its use for hair care in the pre-Harrapan levels of Banawali, some 4500–4300 years ago.

<i>Chamaecrista</i> Genus of legumes

Chamaecrista is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Members of the genus are commonly known as sensitive pea. Several species are capable of rapid plant movement. Unlike the related genera Cassia and Senna, members of Chamaecrista form root nodules.

<i>Acaciella</i> Genus of legumes

Acaciella is a Neotropical genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, and its subfamily Mimosoideae. Its centre of diversity is along the Mexican Pacific coast. They are unarmed, have no extrafloral nectaries and the polyads of their pollen are 8-celled. Though its numerous free stamens is typical of Acacia s.l., it has several characteristics in common with genus Piptadenia. Its pollen and free amino acids resemble that of Senegalia. Molecular studies place it sister to a monophyletic clade comprising elements of genus Acacia, and the tribe Ingeae. A nectary ring is present between the stamens and ovary, in common with Acacia subg. Aculeiferum.

<i>Mariosousa</i> Genus of legumes

Mariosousa is a genus of 13 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Members of this genus were formerly considered to belong to the genus Acacia.

<i>Vachellia</i> Genus of legumes

Vachellia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus Acacia until 2009. Vachellia can be distinguished from other acacias by its capitate inflorescences and spinescent stipules. Before discovery of the New World, Europeans in the Mediterranean region were familiar with several species of Vachellia, which they knew as sources of medicine, and had names for them that they inherited from the Greeks and Romans.

Pityrocarpa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes seven species of shrubs and small trees native to the tropical Americas, including western and southeastern Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador, Venezuela and Guyana, Bolivia, and eastern Brazil. Native habitats include tropical coastal rain forest, gallery forest, secondary forest, woodland, wooded grassland (Cerrado), and thorn scrub (Caatinga). It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

Senegalia thailandica is a species of climbing or sprawling shrub in the family Fabaceae.

Parasenegalia is a small genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. It is found in tropical areas of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.

Senegalia megaladena is a spiny climber, shrub or tree, native to Jawa, and from mainland Southeast Asia to China and India. It is eaten as a vegetable and used as a fish poison. It is named after its distinctive large gland on the petioles.

References

  1. Maslin BR; Seigler DS; Ebinger J. (2013). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China". Blumea. 58 (1): 39–44. doi:10.3767/000651913X669914.
  2. Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). R - Z. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 2458. ISBN   9780849326783.
  3. Seigler DS; Ebinger JE; Miller JT. (2006). "The genus Senegalia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World". Phytologia. 88 (1): 38–93. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.17845 .
  4. 1 2 Kyalangalilwa B; Boatwright JS; Daru BH; Maurin O; van der Bank M. (2013). "Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in Vachellia and Senegalia". Bot J Linn Soc. 172 (4): 500–523. doi: 10.1111/boj.12047 . hdl: 10566/3454 .
  5. Miller JT; Seigler D. (2012). "Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships of Acacia s.l. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)". Aust Syst Bot. 25 (3): 217–224. doi:10.1071/SB11042. S2CID   84672750.
  6. Dyer C. (2014). "New names for the African Acacia species in Vachellia and Senegalia". Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science. 76 (4): iii. Bibcode:2014SFJFS..76D...3D. doi:10.2989/20702620.2014.980090.
  7. 1 2 "Senegalia Raf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 February 2021.