Serbian manuscripts

Last updated

This is a list of Serbian manuscripts (Serbian : Srpski rukopisi), containing important works attributed to Serbia or Serbs. The majority of works are theological, with a few biographies and constitutions. The works were written in Cyrillic, except some early works in the Glagolitic script.

Contents

The number of early Serbian manuscripts, that is, those made before the end of the 14th century, is estimated at 800–1,000. The number of Serbian manuscripts dating between the 12th and 17th centuries that are located outside Serbia is estimated at 4,000–5,000. The largest number of the manuscripts are located in Europe. The largest and most important collection is housed at the Hilandar on Mount Athos. Next, the second largest collection is most likely found in Russia, where hundreds of manuscripts are held. [1] More than a thousand of medieval manuscripts were destroyed during the German bombing of Belgrade (1941). [2] The Digital National Library of Serbia (NBS) has digitalized several manuscripts, included at their website.

Middle Ages

WorkDate (original)Author or editorDescriptionDigital copy
Codex Marianus [3] Codex Marianus, fol 36r.jpg 975–1025Unknown Gospel Book (In Glagolitic)
Grškovićev odlomak Apostola 12th centuryUnknown(In Glagolitic)
Mihanovićev odlomak 12th centuryUnknown(In Glagolitic)
Miroslav's Gospel Miroslav's Gospel 001.jpg 1185–86 Grigorije the Pupil for Miroslav of Hum Gospel Book at NBS
Charter of Hilandar 1198 Stefan Nemanja and Saint Sava Charter
Karyes Typikon Karyes Typicon and Sava's signature.jpg 1199 Saint Sava Typikon
Charter of Hilandar (II) Charter of Hilandar, revision.jpg 1200–01 Stefan the First-Crowned Charter (revision)
The Life of St. Symeon (Vita Simeonis)1208 Saint Sava Hagiography (biography)
Studenica Typikon Studenica Typicon.jpg 1208 Saint Sava Typikon at NBS
Vukan's Gospel Vukan's Gospel, miniature.jpg 1200–08Monk Simeon for Vukan Nemanjić Gospel Book
Psaltir Typikon13th century Saint Sava Typikon
Letter to hegumen Spiridon13th century Saint Sava Personal letter
Belgrade Prophetologion 13th centuryunknown Lectionary
The Life of St. Symeon1216 Stefan the First-Crowned Biography
Zakonopravilo (St. Sava's Nomocanon) Savino Zakonopravilo - Ilovichki prepis, 1262.jpg 1219 Saint Sava Civil law and canon law (medieval constitution).
Bratko Menaion 1234Monk Bratko Menaion
Life of St. Sava 1242–43 Domentijan Biography
Charter of Ston1253Stefan Uroš I Charter
Dragolj Code 1259Monk Dragolj Illuminated manuscript
Life of St. Sava [4] The Life of St. Sava (by Teodosije), 1739 transcript.jpg 1261 Teodosije the Hilandarian Biography [5]
The Life of St. Simeon1264 Domentijan the Hilandarian Biography [5]
Belgrade Macedonian Oktoih13th century
Trebnik13th century
March menaion 13th century
Hagiography 13th century Saint Sava Hagiography
Charter to Hilandar1302Stefan MilutinLost
Časoslov1300–10
Život kralja Milutina (Life of King Milutin)1323–26Danilo IIBiography
Život Stefana Dečanskog (Life of Stefan of Dečani)1331–Danilo IIBiography
Život arhiepiskopa Danila IIafter 1337Danilo II's pupilBiography
Život kraljeva i arhiepiskopa srpskih 1337–40Danilo IIBiography
Life of St. Arsenije1324–37Danilo IIBiography
Rodoslov (carostavnik)1337Archbishop NikodimBiography
Dušan's Code 1349 Emperor Dušan Constitution
Nikola Stanjević Gospel 1350Monk Feoktist Gospel Book
Kalist Rasoder 1354Kalist Rasoder Tetraevangelion, also known as "Serres Gospel" book
Dorotej of Hilandar 1382charter for the monastery of Drenča
Charter of Ravanica 1381 Prince Lazar Charter
Serbian Alexandride 14th centuryLife of Alexander the Great
Nikoljsko jevanđelje14th centuryGospel book, located in Ireland (Dublin RU 147)
Munich Serbian Psalter 1370–1395 Illuminated psalter
Oxford Serbian Psalter late 14th century Psalter
February Menaion
Life of St. Stefan of Dečani1402–09Grergory TsamblakBiography
Mining Code 1412 Stefan Lazarević Code of law
Karlovački rodoslov 1418–27
Radoslav's Gospel (Radoslavljevo jevanđelje)1429scribe Radoslav Gospel Book, located at the National Library of Russia in St. Petersburg at NBS
Charter to St. Paul Monastery [4] 1430 George Brankovic Charter
Life of Despot Stefan Lazarević 1431 Constantine of Kostenets Biography
Slovo o pravopisu143XConstantine of Kostenets
Služabnik1453Located in the National Library of Serbia (RS 538)
Varaždin Apostol 1454three transcribersApostol (Acts of the Apostles and the New Testament epistles)
Dečani chronicle second half of the 15th century18th-century transcription
Cetinje Octoechos 1494 Hieromonk Makarije Octoechos
Bogorodičnik15th century Theotokarion held in Hilandar. [6]
Goražde Psalter 1521Teodor LjubavićPrinted psalter

Early modern period

See also

Related Research Articles

Rascians Historical exonym for Serbs

Rascians was term which was used most frequently in the Kingdom of Hungary, and also in the Habsburg Monarchy. The term was derived from the Latinized name for the central Serbian region of Raška. In medieval and early modern Western sources, exonym Rascia was often used as a designation for Serbian lands in general, and consequently the term Rasciani became one of the most common designations for Serbs. Because of the increasing migratory concentration of Serbs in the southern Pannonian Plain, since the late 15th century, those regions also became referred to as Rascia, since they were largely inhabited by Rasciani (Rascians). Among those regions, term Rascia (Raška) was most frequently used for territories spanning from western Banat to central Slavonia, including the regions of Syrmia, Bačka, and southern Baranja. From the 16th to the 18th century, those regions were contested between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy, and today they belong to several modern countries.

Lijevče

Lijevče, also the Lijevče field, is a small geographical region in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina; a plain situated between the rivers Sava and Vrbas, and Mount Kozara. It includes settlements part of Gradiška, Srbac and Laktaši, in the Banja Luka Region of the Republika Srpska entity. It is part of the wider Bosanska Krajina historical region.

Church of the Virgin Hodegetria, Mušutište

The Church of the Virgin Hodegetria was a 14th-century Serbian Orthodox church in Mušutište, near Suva Reka, Kosovo,. The church was destroyed by Kosovar Albanian forces during the destruction of the Serbian part of Mušutište, after the end of the Kosovo war in 1999.

Mijaks

Mijaks are an ethnographic group of Macedonians who live in the Lower Reka region which is also known as Mijačija, along the Radika river, in western North Macedonia, numbering 30,000-60,000 people. The Mijaks practise predominantly animal husbandry, and are known for their ecclesiastical architecture, woodworking, iconography, and other rich traditions, as well as their characteristic Galičnik dialect of the Macedonian language.

Baldovin was a Serbian knez (duke) and kaznac that served King Stefan Uroš III. He held the province around Vranje.

Lower Kolašin is a historical region in the present-day municipality of Bijelo Polje in northern Montenegro, towards Serbia. It is situated in the picturesque Vraneš valley formed around the river Ljuboviđa. The most important local populated centers are Tomaševo and Pavino Polje.

Radič (veliki čelnik) Serbian noble, Grand Celnik, comes palatinus

Radič was a Serbian nobleman that had the title of Grand Čelnik, the highest dignitary after the Serbian monarch. He began his service under Prince, later Despot, Stefan Lazarević as čelnik, then was elevated to Grand Čelnik during the rule of Despot Đurađ Branković. He was very wealthy, and held the silver mines in Novo Brdo of the Serbian Despotate. Radič founded and renovated several churches and monasteries which still exist, including the notable Vraćevšnica and Kastamonitou. He took monastic vows and became a monk in Kastamonitou where he spent his last years.

Antonije Znorić was a military officer (colonel) of the Habsburg army and the commander of the Serbian Militia during the Great Turkish War.

Jovan Grković, nicknamed Gapon (Гапон) was a former Serbian Orthodox monk who joined the Serb guerrilla (chetniks) in the Macedonian Struggle (1902–1912).

Avram Miletić was a merchant and writer of epic folk songs who is best known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian language between 1778 and 1781.

Gradislav Vojšić was a Serbian nobleman who served the Serbian Kings Stefan Uroš II Milutin and Stefan Uroš III. He was the first known čelnik of the Serbian court, in the nearest circle of the King, mentioned serving the first time in 1284 and the second time in 1327. The čelnik was entrusted with the security of Church property from the nobility, and appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the King's decisions, in disputes between the Church and the nobility.

General Vuča or General Vuka is a popular legendary hero of Serbian epic poetry who is depicted as enemy of Kraljević Marko.

Arsenije Sečujac

Arsenije Sečujac was a Habsburg general who earned the rank of major general at the very end of his military career and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, the highest Monarchy decoration, in 1762.

Tripo Smeća was a Venetian historian and writer from Perast, Bay of Kotor. He collected old manuscripts and transcribed popular poetry.

Grdan was the vojvoda (duke) of the Nikšić nahija, part of the Sanjak of Herzegovina, who led several uprisings against the Ottomans in between 1596 and 1612, alongside Serbian Patriarch Jovan Kantul.

Damjan Ljubibratić, known as Damjan the Serb was a Serbian Orthodox monk and diplomat, the secretary of Patriarch Jovan Kantul.

Serb uprising of 1596–1597

The Serb uprising of 1596–1597, also known as the Herzegovina uprising of 1596–1597, was a rebellion organized by Serbian Patriarch Jovan Kantul and led by Grdan, the vojvoda ("duke") of Nikšić against the Ottomans in the Sanjak of Herzegovina and Montenegro Vilayet, during the Long Turkish War (1593–1606). The uprising broke out in the aftermath of the failed Banat Uprising in 1594 and the burning of Saint Sava's relics on April 27, 1595; it included the tribes of Bjelopavlići, Drobnjaci, Nikšić, and Piva. The rebels, defeated at the field of Gacko in 1597, were forced to capitulate due to a lack of foreign support.

Mrkšina crkva printing house

The Mrkšina crkva printing house was a printing house established in 1562 in the Monastery of Mrkšina Crkva in village Kosjerić in Ottoman Serbia. This printing house was operational until 1566 and printed two srbulje books, The Four Gospels (Четворојеванђеље) in 1562 and The Flower Triod in 1566. In 1567 the Ottomans destroyed the church and its printing house.

Bogić Vučković

Bogić Vučković Stratimirović was a rebel leader in the Sanjak of Herzegovina who organized an uprising in 1737, during the Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–39). He was from the Trebinje hinterland, in Herzegovina, the son of Vučko Petrović and grandson of Petar Stratimirović. Early on, he moved to the Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39). He is mentioned in documents as a merchant from Kragujevac. He bought an attestation from the Republic of Ragusa that he descended from Stracimir Balšić, the Lord of Zeta, then appeared in autumn 1737 at the Habsburg deputy commander's office in Sremski Karlovci, with Aleksa Milišević, presenting themselves as nobility and Vučković stressed that he had readied the Montenegrin peoples to help the Austrian Emperor. Vučković and his brothers organized an uprising in Herzegovina in 1737 during Austrian-Turkish conflicts in the Balkans, at the same time helping the Austrians. After the Capture of Belgrade (1739), for their efforts, he and his brothers were awarded Austrian noble titles and granted the village of Kulpin which they settled. They adopted the coat of arms of the medieval Kosača.

The Tronoša chronicle is a Serbian chronicle dating to 1526, transcribed by Orthodox hieromonk Josif Tronošac (Троношац) in 1791 at the Tronoša monastery near Loznica, in western Serbia. The Tronoša manuscript is the oldest survived copy, of which there are several transcriptions, one of them transcribed by Serafim. A copy is held at the monastery, while the original manuscript by Josif is held in Vienna.

References

  1. Зоран Радисављевић (2014-11-21). "Хиландар чува највредније српске рукописе". Култура. Politika.
  2. "Сећање на 6. април у Народној библиотеци Србије". Влада Републике Србије. 5 April 2005. Народна библиотека Србије основана је 1832. године. Располагала је фондом од приближно 300.000 књига, 1.390 рукописних књига, повеља и других списа из 12, 13. и 14. века и каснијих периода. Више од 100 рукописа било је на пергаменту. Располагала је и збиркама турских рукописа, старих штампаних књига од 15. до 17. века, старих карата, гравира, слика, новина. Ту су биле сабране и све књиге штампане у Србији од 1832. године, као и оне које су штампане у суседним земљама, комплетне библиотеке Вука Караџића, Лукијана Мушицког, Ђуре Даничића, П. М. Шафарика и других. Првог априла 1941. године целокупна библиотека била је спакована у 150 сандука, спремна за евакуацију, али је тадашњи министар просвете М. Трифуновић забранио евакуацију просветно-културних установа Београда и наредио да се драгоцености склоне у подрум, што је и учињено. Зграда је погођена запаљивим бомбама 6. априла у 16 часова, а целокупни фонд Народне библиотеке Србије, с вредним и оригиналним средњовековним рукописима, неповратно је изгубљен. Нова зграда, у којој се национална библиотека и данас налази, свечано је отворена 6. априла 1973. године.
  3. The conclusion about Serbian origin of the Codex has been disputed, because there are suggestions it was written in today northern Albania, northern Macedonia or in Mount Athos, in Bulgarian language environment.
  4. 1 2 Rodoslovlje.com
  5. 1 2 The entry of the Slavs into Christendom, p. 218
  6. Hilandar Slavic Manuscripts: A Checklist of the Slavic Manuscripts from the Hilandar Monastery. 1972. pp. 30, 31, 59.

Sources