Sesuvium maritimum

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Sesuvium maritimum
Sesuvium maritimum inflorescence.jpg
Sesuvium maritimum drawing 01.png
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Aizoaceae
Genus: Sesuvium
Species:
S. maritimum
Binomial name
Sesuvium maritimum
(Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
Synonyms [2]
  • Sesuvium pentandrum Elliott
  • Mollugo maritima Ser.
  • Pharnaceum maritimum Walter

Sesuvium maritimum is an annual herbaceous plant native to southeastern North America in the family Aizoaceae. [3] This species is commonly known as the annual or slender sea purslane or Puerto Rico Sea-purslane. [3] [4] [1] It can be found on sandy beaches, salt marshes, or other coastal regions. [4] [5]

Contents

Description

Sesuvium maritimum is a succulent herb that can grow up to 30 cm tall, with smooth, glabrous leaves and white or pink inflorescences. [4] Its leaves are covered with dozens of fleshy projections known as papillae. [6] They are commonly found along the southeastern coast of North America from as far north as Rhode Island to southern regions of Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, the Bahamas, and other surrounding islands. [3] [5] It has an opposite or sub-opposite leaf arrangement composed of simple, oblanceolate or linear fleshy leaves that are about 1-2.5 cm long and 1–5 mm wide. [5] Furthermore, the leaves are known to be glabrous or rarely minutely papillose, the apex are rounded, acute, or obtuse with margins of the leaves being entire. [4] Flowers are actinomorphic and normally composed of 4–5 fused petals that form a cup-like structure. [7] Within the flower are 5 stamens, usually with a pink coloration, and a partially inferior ovary. [8] Sepals are 2-3 mm long and attached near the top of the calyx tube. [4]

Fruits

They form a pyxis (dry dehiscent capsules) around 4–5 mm in length that appear soon after flowering and persist until September. Upon maturity the capsules will spit open. [7] [9] The seeds produced are typically smooth and vary in color from black to brown, as well as, the amount produced can be between 30–50. [9]

Distribution

This plant is commonly present within costal regions of eastern US (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Texas). [4] They reach far down as, southern regions of Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, the Bahamas, and other surrounding islands. [3] Furthermore, it was found to be present in Kansas and Oklahoma. [9]

Taxonomy

The Sesuvium genus was named after the Gallic tribe Sesuvii, who resided in the Atlantic maritime region of France from around 58–50 BC. [10]

Conservation status

The slender sea purslane is currently endangered in New York state, Maryland, North Carolina, Kansas, and Southern Florida. [1] [11] It is also considered vulnerable in the state of Virginia. [11] Globally, Sesuvium maritimum has a conservation status of G5 (globally secure). [12]

Uses

In the past, sea purslane were once used as medicine to treat scurvy and venomous wounds. [13] In addition, it's one of several plants that aid in the prevention of coastal erosion. [14]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Tripleurospermum inodorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Tripleurospermum inodorum, common names scentless false mayweed, scentless mayweed, scentless chamomile, wild chamomile, mayweed, false chamomile, and Baldr's brow, is the type species of Tripleurospermum. This plant is native to Eurasia and North Africa, and introduced to North America, where it is commonly found in fields, fallow land and gardens.

<i>Calycanthus floridus</i> Species of flowering plant

Calycanthus floridus, or commonly known as the eastern sweetshrub, Carolina all spice, or spice bush, is a species of flowering shrub in the family Calycanthaceae. It is identifiable by its dark red flowers and fragrant scent. It is non-invasive and is found in the Southeastern United States region. The Nature Conservancy considers its conservation status to be G5, indicating it is at low risk of extinction.

<i>Triglochin maritima</i> Species of flowering plant in the arrowgrass family Juncaginaceae

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<i>Sesuvium</i> Genus of succulents

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<i>Sesuvium portulacastrum</i> Species of succulent

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<i>Tripleurospermum maritimum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Leucothrinax</i> Genus of palms

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<i>Triglochin palustris</i> Species of flowering plant

Triglochin palustris or marsh arrowgrass is a species of flowering plant in the arrowgrass family Juncaginaceae. It is found in damp grassland usually on calcareous soils, fens and meadows. The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat. It has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. It can be found locally in the British Isles especially the north.

<i>Sesuvium verrucosum</i> Species of succulent

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<i>Trichostigma octandrum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Burmannia capitata</i> Species of flowering plant

Burmannia capitata is a plant species widespread across the West Indies and much of Latin America. It grows in wet areas at elevations less than 100 m. It has been reported from Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad & Tobago, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, southern Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela, and the United States

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<i>Spermacoce remota</i> Species of plant

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<i>Plantago indica</i> Species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae

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Zaleya pentandra is a prostrate perennial herb of the Aizoaceae family. It is widespread in semi-arid and arid climes and also in woodlands and can adapt to different ecological zones.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Sesuvium maritimum". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  2. "Sesuvium maritimum". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Bohley, Katharina; Winter, Pieter J. D.; Kadereit, Gudrun (2017-03-01). "A Revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae)". Systematic Botany. 42 (1): 124–147. doi:10.1600/036364417x694575. ISSN   0363-6445. S2CID   90185418.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Boetsch, John R. (2002). "The Aizoaceae and Molluginaceae of the Southeastern United States". Castanea. 67 (1): 42–53. ISSN   0008-7475. JSTOR   4034315.
  5. 1 2 3 Radford, Albert E. (1968). Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Harry E. Ahles, C. Ritchie Bell. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN   0-8078-1087-8. OCLC   355003.
  6. "Mid-Atlantic Herbaria – Sesuvium maritimum". midatlanticherbaria.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  7. 1 2 "Sesuvium maritimum (annual sea-purslane): Go Botany". gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  8. "NameThatPlant.net: Sesuvium maritimum". www.namethatplant.net. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  9. 1 2 3 "Sesuvium maritimum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
  10. "Sea Purslane Guide – New York Natural Heritage Program". guides.nynhp.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  11. 1 2 "The Institute for Regional Conservation". regionalconservation.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
  12. "Vascular Plants of North Carolina". auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
  13. "Sanibel Salad: Sea Purslane". Sanibel Sea School. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
  14. "Sea purslane research at Mote Aquaculture Research Park – Responsible Seafood Advocate". Global Seafood Alliance. Retrieved 2022-04-15.