The politics of Nepal functions within the framework of a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and their cabinet, while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
The Nepali Congress is the largest social democratic political party in Nepal. It is the current ruling party of Nepal since July 2021.
The Communist Party of Nepal, abbreviated CPN, was a communist party in Nepal from 1949 to 1962. It was founded on 15 September 1949 to struggle against the autocratic Rana regime, feudalism, and imperialism. The founding general secretary was Pushpa Lal Shrestha. Other members were Nar Bahadur Karmacharya, Niranjan Govinda Baidhya, and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
Pushpa Kamal Dahal, also widely known by his nom de guerre Prachanda, meaning "fierce", is a Nepalese politician who served as Prime Minister of Nepal from 2008 to 2009 and again from 2016 to 2017.
The Communist Party of Nepal , abbreviated CPN (Maoist), CPN-Maoist, CPN Maoist, or CPN(M), is the third largest political party in Nepal. It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the Communist Party of Nepal.
The Communist Party of Nepal , abbreviated CPN (UML), is the largest left-wing party in Nepal since its formation in January 1991, merging the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist).
Sher Bahadur Deuba is a Nepali politician serving as the prime minister of Nepal since 13 July 2021. He has previously served four terms as the prime minister and is the Member of Parliament for the parliamentary constituency of Dadeldhura 1. He has been the president of the Nepali Congress since 2016.
The Communist Party of Nepal , abbreviated CPN (UC–M) was an underground communist party in Nepal. The CPN (UC–M) was formed in 2002 through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal and Communist Party of Nepal (Masal).
The Rastriya Prajatantra Party [Nepali pronunciation: [rasʈrijʌ prʌˈd͡zatʌntrʌ ˈpa(r)ʈi]) is a constitutional monarchist and Hindu nationalist political party in Nepal. It was formed by former prime ministers Surya Bahadur Thapa and Lokendra Bahadur Chand, who served two terms each as prime minister since the end of the Rastriya Panchayat.
The Nepal Workers' and Peasants' Party, also known as the Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party and abbreviated as NWWP or Nemkipa (नेमकिपा), is a political party in Nepal. The party was founded on 23 January 1975 by Narayan Man Bijukchhe and draws most of its support from Bhaktapur. The party is sympathetic to the Workers' Party of Korea and has declared Juche to be its guiding ideology.
Mohan Bikram Singh, often referred to as MBS, party name Gharti, is a Nepalese communist politician. His father was a wealthy landlord in Pyuthan District who was close to King Tribhuvan. MBS however joined the opposition Nepali Congress in 1950, and took part in the 1950–1951 uprising for democracy.
Janamorcha Nepal was founded in 2002 as the mass organisation and electoral front of the Communist Party of Nepal. It was formed following the merger between the Communist Party of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal (Masal) when their respective fronts Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal and the Rashtriya Jana Morcha joined together on 10 July 2002.
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.
The Nepal Communist Party, abbreviated NCP is a defunct communist party of Nepal. It was founded on 17 May 2018, from the unification of two leftist parties, Communist Party of Nepal and Communist Party of Nepal. The unification was completed by the Party Unification Coordination Committee, after eight months of negotiation. The two predecessor parties subsequently dissolved, making way for the new united party. The party retained the electoral symbol of the CPN, the sun.
Rastriya Janamorcha is a political party in Nepal. It was originally founded in 1995 as the legal front of Communist Party of Nepal (Masal). Former Deputy Prime Minister, Chitra Bahdur KC is the chairman of the party.
The Unified Communist Party of Nepal , abbreviated UCPN (Maoist),, was a political party in Nepal. It was founded in 2009 after merging with minor Communist parties including the Janamorcha Nepal. On May 19, 2016, it merged with ten other breakaway factions and minor parties to form Communist Party of Nepal.
General elections were held in Nepal in two phases on 26 November and 7 December 2017 to elect the 275 members of the fifth House of Representatives, the lower house of the Federal Parliament of Nepal. The election was held alongside the first provincial elections for the seven provincial assemblies. A political deadlock between the governing Nepali Congress and the winning left-wing coalition over the system used to elect the upper house led to delay in forming the new government. Following the announcement of final result by the Election Commission, K.P. Oli of Communist Party of Nepal was sworn in as Prime Minister on 15 February 2018 by the President according to Article 76 (2) of the constitution. He passed a Motion of Confidence on 11 March 2018 with 208 votes.
The Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province also known as the Bagmati Pradesh Sabha, is a unicameral governing and law making body of Bagmati Province, one of the seven provinces in Nepal The assembly is seated in the provincial capital at Hetauda in Makwanpur District at the Regional Educational Directorate Office. The assembly has 110 members of whom 66 are elected through first-past-the-post voting and 44 of whom are elected through proportional representation. The term of the assembly is five years unless dissolved earlier.
Communism in Nepal traces its roots back to the pro-democracy movement of 1951, and the subsequent overthrow of the autocratic Rana regime and the establishment of democracy in Nepal. The communist movement in Nepal has split into factions multiple times and multiple factions have come together into a single fold at times as well. It has a history of getting banned from open political discourse; as well as multiple instances of embracing guerrilla insurgency, most notably, the Maoist insurgency in the 1990s and early 2000s that led to the Nepalese Civil War, claiming at least 17,000 lives. After the Maoists and other main political parties formed a united coalition, launching a successful peaceful civil resistance against the dictatorial coup d'état by the monarchy, which resulted in the abolition of the monarchy and drafting of a new constitution affirming Nepal as a secular, federal, democratic republic striving towards democratic socialism, the two main communist parties of Nepal contested the first election according to the new constitution as a coalition, eventually leading to the unification of two parties with a strong majority in the federal parliament as well as six out of seven provinces of Nepal.
General elections are expected to be held in Nepal in November 2022 unless the House of Representatives is dissolved earlier. The discussion is underway due to interest of leading Nepali Congress while the opposition, CPN (UML) is already demanding for fresh mandate.
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