The Cod Wars were a series of 20th-century confrontations between the United Kingdom and Iceland about fishing rights in the North Atlantic. Each of the disputes ended with an Icelandic victory.
Cod liver oil is a dietary supplement derived from liver of cod fish (Gadidae). As with most fish oils, it contains the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and also vitamin A and vitamin D. Historically, it was given to children because vitamin D had been shown to prevent rickets, a consequence of vitamin D deficiency.
The Merck Group, branded and commonly known as Merck, is a German multinational science and technology company headquartered in Darmstadt, with about 60,000 employees and a presence in 66 countries. The group includes around 250 companies; the main company is Merck KGaA in Germany. The company is divided into three business lines: Healthcare, Life Sciences and Electronics. Merck was founded in 1668 and is the world's oldest operating chemical and pharmaceutical company, as well as one of the largest pharmaceutical companies globally.
Schering-Plough Corporation was an American pharmaceutical company. It was originally the U.S. subsidiary of the German company Schering AG, which was founded in 1851 by Ernst Christian Friedrich Schering. As a result of nationalization, it became an independent company. In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. to form Schering-Plough. On November 4, 2009 Merck & Co. merged with Schering-Plough with the new company taking the name of Merck & Co.
Fish oil is oil derived from the tissues of oily fish. Fish oils contain the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), precursors of certain eicosanoids that are known to reduce inflammation in the body and improve hypertriglyceridemia. There has been a great deal of controversy in the 21st century about the role of fish oil in cardiovascular disease, with recent meta-analyses reaching different conclusions about its potential impact.
Olay or Olaz, previously Oil of Olay, Oil of Olaz, Oil of Ulan or Oil of Ulay, is an American skin care brand owned by Procter & Gamble. For the 2009 fiscal year, which ended on June 30, Olay accounted for an estimated $2.8 billion of P&G's revenue.
McNeil Consumer Healthcare is an American medicals products company belonging to Kenvue consumer health group. It primarily sells fast-moving consumer goods such as over-the-counter drugs.
The Bountiful Company is an American dietary supplements company. It is owned by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, which sold most of the company's brands to Nestlé in 2021.
The liver of mammals, fowl, and fish is commonly eaten as food by humans. Pork, lamb, veal, beef, chicken, goose, and cod livers are widely available from butchers and supermarkets while stingray and burbot livers are common in some European countries.
Young's Seafood Ltd. is a British producer and distributor of frozen, fresh, and chilled seafood, supplying approximately 40% of all the fish eaten in the United Kingdom every year. It is headquartered in Grimsby, England.
The Ross Group was a British food company founded in Grimsby, England in 1920.
Rowell Laboratories, Inc., is a pharmaceutical manufacturing company. The company was founded in 1929, originally located in Baudette, Minnesota, and later included facilities in Marietta, Georgia, and Orlando, Florida. Rowell Laboratories, Inc. was incorporated again in 2008 in Florida and manufactures and sells the NatureCare brand of skin care products.
The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/consumer health, personal care and hygiene products; these products are organized into several segments including beauty; grooming; health care; fabric and home care; and baby, feminine, and family care. Before the sale of Pringles to Kellogg's, its product portfolio also included food, snacks, and beverages. P&G is incorporated in Ohio.
Marfleet is an area of Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, in the east of the city, near King George Dock.
Cod and other cod-like fish have been widely used as food through history. Other cod-like fish come from the same family (Gadidae) that cod belong to, such as haddock, pollock, and whiting.
Merck Consumer Health is a fully integrated division of the German chemical and pharmaceutical company Merck KGaA. It offers a wide range of over-the-counter products to consumers in more than 100 countries and belongs to the global top 20 of the most successful companies in the OTC industry. Consumer health has five subsidiaries worldwide: Seven Seas Ltd., Lamberts, Merck Médication Familiale, Merck Selbstmedikation, and Merck Consumer Health Care Shanghai Trading Company. In addition to these companies, the Consumer Health Care division operates businesses in Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa.
The United Laboratories, Inc., commonly known as Unilab, is a Philippine privately held multinational consumer goods company headquartered in Mandaluyong. It specializes in a wide range of consumer healthcare, biotechnology, personal care, and veterinary products.
Theramex is a pharmaceutical company based in London which produces women's health products focusing on contraception, fertility, menopause and osteoporosis. It was established in 2018 with the acquisition of some of the assets of Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients relating to Theramex Laboratories, a pharmaceutical company which was based in Monaco. Brands include Ovaleap, Zoely, Seasonique, Actonel, Estreva and Lutenyl. It made an agreement with TherapeuticsMD in 2019 for exclusive licensing and supply rights to Bijuva and Imvexxy outside of the USA, Canada and Israel for which it paid a license fee of $15.5 million. In 2021, Theramex launched Livogiva, Lundeos (Osteoporosis) and Bijuva (Menopause). That same year Theramex entered Consumer Healthcare Market with Femarelle, a non-hormonal option to treat menopause symptoms.
New Chapter, Inc. is the American manufacturer of the New Chapter brand of vitamins and other organic dietary supplements. Based in Brattleboro, Vermont, the company is a Public Benefit Corporation (PBC) subsidiary of Procter & Gamble. The company's products include herbal supplements, probiotics, superfood greens and mushrooms.
