Ralph Snyderman

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Ralph Snyderman
Ralph Snyderman.jpg
Born (1940-03-13) March 13, 1940 (age 84)
Brooklyn, NY [1]
EducationB.S. Washington College, Chestertown, MD (1961) M.D. State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center (1965)
TitleChancellor Emeritus, Duke University;

James B. Duke Professor of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine;

Executive Director, Duke Center for Personalized Health Care

Contents

Board member ofCareDx iRhythm Technologies

Ralph Snyderman is a Chancellor Emeritus at Duke University, James B. Duke Professor of Medicine, and Executive Director of the Duke Center for Personalized Health Care. [2] [3] He served as chancellor for health affairs and dean of the School of Medicine from 1989 to July 2004. [4] Under his leadership, Duke University created the Duke University Health System (DUHS) to develop and operate a comprehensive health delivery system, and he was its founding President and Chief Executive Officer. DUHS, with its practice networks, ambulatory care centers, home health services, community hospitals, university hospital, and satellite collaborations demonstrated the power of academic medicine to deliver the best of care to broad communities. [5] Snyderman helped lead the creation of the largest academic clinical research organization worldwide. [3] During his tenure, Duke University Hospital was ranked 6th overall in the nation and its medical school ranked 4th. [6] Snyderman is a leader in the conception and development of personalized health care, an evolving model of national health care delivery. [7] He has articulated the need to move the current focus of health care from the treatment of disease-events to personalized, predictive, preventive, and participatory care that is focused on the patient. [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] As Senior Vice-President at Genentech, he led the development of powerful new molecular biology therapeutics. [3] Ralph Snyderman was the recipient of the 2012 David E. Rogers Award from the Association of American Medical Colleges which recognized him as "The Father of Personalized Medicine." [13] He is a member of the Association of American Medical Colleges (chair 2002-2003 [14] ), Association of American Physicians (President 2003-2004), American Academy of Arts & Sciences, [15] and the National Academy of Medicine. [16]

Early life and education

Snyderman was born on March 13, 1940, in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Russian immigrants Morris and Ida (Candeub) Snyderman. [2] He grew up in the Bensonhurst area of Brooklyn. [17]  He was a 1961 graduate of Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, [18] and received his MD Magna Cum Laude in 1965 from SUNY Downstate Medical Center. [19] [20] He served his internship and residency in medicine at Duke and later worked as a Public Health Officer doing research in immunology at the National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research from 1967-72. [21] [22] There, he had the opportunity to learn how to separate proteins, measure cellular chemotaxis, and make an important biomedical breakthrough early in his career: the discovery of complement factor 5a (C5a) as an immune cell chemotactic agent while the field was still in its infancy. [22] [23]

Career

Snyderman accepted his first faculty appointment at Duke in 1972. His laboratory successfully discovered important aspects of the role of the complement system and cytokines in leukocyte migration and innate immunity. [3] By 1984, he was the Frederic M. Hanes Professor of Medicine and Immunology and chief of the Division of Rheumatology and Immunology.  [20] His research into how white blood cells respond to chemical signals to mediate host defense or tissue damage was internationally recognized. In 1987, Snyderman left Duke to join Genentech, Inc., the pioneering biomedical technology firm, as Senior Vice President for medical research and development. While at Genentech, he led the development and licensing of major biotechnology therapeutics including Activase, a clot-busting drug made through the novel approach of recombinant DNA technology. [3] He returned to Duke in 1989 as Chancellor for Health Affairs, Duke University, a position he held until 2004. [24] Since then, Snyderman established and leads the Duke Center for Personalized Health Care which provides a platform for research directed at developing new models of care. Snyderman has served on numerous corporate boards of directors, including Procter & Gamble, Press Ganey, Purdue Pharma, SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation), and Trevena. [25] [26] [27] [28] He was named as a defendant in the Massachusetts Attorney General's complaint against the company in 2019 [29] in connection with his board membership from 2012 through 2017. This case was subsequently settled with the Mass AG. [30]

Research

Snyderman's research focused on defining the mechanisms by which leukocytes accumulate at sites of inflammation.  He developed the first reliable in vitro technology to quantify leukocyte chemotaxis.  His work led to the standard methodology to study this critical component of inflammation.  He identified C5a, a cleavage product of the fifth component of complement (C), as a major chemotactic factor which was produced by C activation or by proteolytic cleavage of C5. [31] [32]   Snyderman's work helped open the field of inflammation research to  scientific analysis and lay the foundation of our current understanding of leukocyte activation by chemoattractants and chemokine production by activated mononuclear cells. [33] [34] [35] [36] [37]

Snyderman's current work is focused on the development and implementation of Personalized Health Care – a personalized, predictive, preventive, and participatory approach to care. This concept is facilitating the transformation of health care from the current disease-oriented approach to one that focuses on personalized health planning and is increasingly seen as a solution to our national health care dilemma. [7] [8] [9] [12] The Duke Center for Personalized Health Care fosters the adoption of proactive, personalized, and patient-driven care into clinical practice, develops and tests novel clinical approaches to deliver personalized health care and functions as a think tank to foster innovation in health care delivery. [11] [38] The center is currently working on multiple projects to study the feasibility and clinical outcomes of integrating personalized health care into ongoing clinical settings.

Snyderman has contributed to over 400 scientific manuscripts. [39]

Honors and awards

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inflammation</span> Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system

Inflammation is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. The five cardinal signs are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Health informatics</span> Computational approaches to health care

Health informatics is the study and implementation of computer structures and algorithms to improve communication, understanding, and management of medical information. It can be viewed as branch of engineering and applied science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Granulocyte</span> Category of white blood cells

Granulocytes are cells in the innate immune system characterized by the presence of specific granules in their cytoplasm. Such granules distinguish them from the various agranulocytes. All myeloblastic granulocytes are polymorphonuclear, that is, they have varying shapes (morphology) of the nucleus ; and are referred to as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In common terms, polymorphonuclear granulocyte refers specifically to "neutrophil granulocytes", the most abundant of the granulocytes; the other types have varying morphology. Granulocytes are produced via granulopoiesis in the bone marrow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Personalized medicine</span> Medical model that tailors medical practices to the individual patient

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles A. Dinarello</span> American immunologist

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">CCL7</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) is a small cytokine that was previously called monocyte-chemotactic protein 3 (MCP3). CCL7 is a small protein that belongs to the CC chemokine family and is most closely related to CCL2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Lefkowitz</span> American physician and biochemist

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">CCR2</span> Mammalian protein found in humans

C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2 or CD192 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR2 gene. CCR2 is a CC chemokine receptor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CCR1</span> Protein in humans

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<i>N</i>-Formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine Chemical compound

N-Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine is an N-formylated tripeptide and sometimes simply referred to as chemotactic peptide is a potent polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotactic factor and is also a macrophage activator.

Personal genomics or consumer genetics is the branch of genomics concerned with the sequencing, analysis and interpretation of the genome of an individual. The genotyping stage employs different techniques, including single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis chips, or partial or full genome sequencing. Once the genotypes are known, the individual's variations can be compared with the published literature to determine likelihood of trait expression, ancestry inference and disease risk.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alberto Mantovani</span> Italian physician and immunologist (born 1948)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">A. Eugene Washington</span> American physician

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References

  1. ↑ "Ralph Snyderman in the 1940 Census | Ancestry®". Ancestry.com .
  2. 1 2 "People – Duke Personalized Health Care" . Retrieved June 29, 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "A Chancellor′s Tale | Duke University Press". www.dukeupress.edu. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  4. ↑ "Ralph Snyderman, Chancellor | Duke Medical Center Archives". archives.mc.duke.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  5. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph (March 26, 2003). "The Chancellor's Journey". Duke Today. Retrieved April 22, 2020.
  6. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph (April 14, 2004). "Duke Medical Ranked Fourth in US News & World Report" . Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  7. 1 2 Williams, R. Sanders; Willard, Huntington F.; Snyderman, Ralph (April 25, 2003). "Personalized Health Planning". Science. 300 (5619): 549. doi: 10.1126/science.300.5619.549 . PMID   12714710.
  8. 1 2 Snyderman, Ralph; Langheier, Jason (January 1, 2006). "Prospective health care: the second transformation of medicine". Genome Biology. 7 (2): 104. doi: 10.1186/gb-2006-7-2-104 . PMC   1431721 . PMID   16522218.
  9. 1 2 Snyderman, Ralph; Williams, R. Sanders (November 1, 2003). "Prospective medicine: the next health care transformation". Academic Medicine. 78 (11): 1079–1084. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200311000-00002 . PMID   14604864.
  10. ↑ Snyderman R; Weil AT (February 25, 2002). "Integrative medicine: Bringing medicine back to its roots". Archives of Internal Medicine. 162 (4): 395–397. doi:10.1001/archinte.162.4.395. PMID   11863470.
  11. 1 2 R, Simmons LA, Drake CD, Gaudet TW, Snyderman. "Personalized Health Planning in Primary Care Settings : Federal Practitioner". www.fedprac.com. Retrieved June 29, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. 1 2 Snyderman, Ralph (August 2012). "Personalized health care: From theory to practice". Biotechnology Journal. 7 (8): 973–79. doi:10.1002/biot.201100297. PMID   22180345. S2CID   31447416 – via Wiley.
  13. 1 2 "2012 David E. Rogers Award – AAMC Awards – Initiatives – AAMC". www.aamc.org. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  14. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph (November 3, 2001). "Dr. Ralph Snyderman Named Chair of American Association of Medical Colleges". Duke Health. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  15. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph. "Ralph Snyderman - Member of AAAS". Duke Med. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  16. ↑ "Ralph Snyderman, M.D." National Academy of Medicine . Retrieved June 29, 2016.
  17. ↑ "My parents escaped the pogroms in the Ukraine. Here's why I returned". The Forward. April 7, 2021. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  18. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph. "Ralph Snydermam, MD Alumni". Washington College. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  19. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph. "SUNY Downstate Sesquicentennial". Downstate.edu. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  20. 1 2 "Previous Chancellors – Duke Medicine". corporate.dukemedicine.org. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  21. ↑ "Speaker Biosketch for Integrative Medicine | NCCIH". Archived from the original on November 11, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  22. 1 2 Hofschneider, Mark (June 1, 2015). "Ralph Snyderman: "The What, the How, and the Why of a Researcher's Career"". Lasker Foundation. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  23. ↑ Shin, H. S.; Snyderman, R.; Friedman, E.; Mellors, A.; Mayer, M. M. (October 18, 1968). "Chemotactic and anaphylatoxic fragment cleaved from the fifth component of guinea pig complement". Science. 162 (3851): 361–363. doi:10.1126/science.162.3851.361. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   4175690. S2CID   11800780.
  24. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph. "Ralph Snyderman Profile" . Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  25. ↑ Gamble, Procter &. "Charles Lee and Ralph Snyderman Retire From P&G Board". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  26. ↑ Inc, Press Ganey Associates. "Press Ganey Appoints Health Care Visionary, Dr. Ralph Snyderman, To Board Of Directors". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved December 1, 2022.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  27. ↑ staff-author (August 4, 2002). "SAIC Adds New Board Member". San Diego Business Journal. Retrieved December 1, 2022.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  28. ↑ "Governance - Board of Directors - Person Details - CareDx". investors.caredx.com. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  29. ↑ "Complaint". Massachusetts . January 31, 2019. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
  30. ↑ https://www.mass.gov/news/ag-healey-announces-resolution-with-purdue-pharma-and-the-sackler-family-for-their-role-in-the-opioid-crisis
  31. ↑ Williams, L T; Snyderman, R; Pike, M C; Lefkowitz, R J (March 1, 1977). "Specific receptor sites for chemotactic peptides on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 74 (3): 1204–1208. Bibcode:1977PNAS...74.1204W. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.1204 . PMC   430651 . PMID   265563.
  32. ↑ Snyderman, R.; Gewurz, H.; Mergenhagen, S. E. (August 1, 1968). "Interactions of the Complement System with Endotoxic Lipopolysaccharide". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 128 (2): 259–275. doi:10.1084/jem.128.2.259. ISSN   1540-9538. PMC   2138524 . PMID   4873021. S2CID   13309169.
  33. ↑ Shin, Hyun S.; Snyderman, Ralph; Friedman, Eileen; Mellors, Alice; Mayer, Manfred M. (October 18, 1968). "Chemotactic and Anaphylatoxic Fragment Cleaved from the Fifth Component of Guinea Pig Complement". Science. 162 (3851): 361–363. Bibcode:1968Sci...162..361S. doi:10.1126/science.162.3851.361. PMID   4175690. S2CID   11800780.
  34. ↑ Sbarra, Anthony J. (November 11, 2013). Biochemistry and Metabolism. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN   9781461591344.
  35. ↑ Williams, L. T.; Snyderman, R.; Lefkowitz, R. J. (January 1, 1976). "Identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in human lymphocytes by (-) (3H) alprenolol binding". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 57 (1): 149–155. doi:10.1172/JCI108254. PMC   436634 . PMID   1245597.
  36. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph; Phillips, Jean; Mergenhagen, Stephan E. (June 1, 1970). "Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Chemotactic Activity in Rabbit Serum and Guinea Pig Serum Treated with Immune Complexes: Evidence for C5a as the Major Chemotactic Factor". Infection and Immunity. 1 (6): 521–525. doi:10.1128/IAI.1.6.521-525.1970. PMC   415936 . PMID   16557770.
  37. ↑ Snyderman, R.; Goetzl, E. J. (August 21, 1981). "Molecular and cellular mechanisms of leukocyte chemotaxis". Science. 213 (4510): 830–837. Bibcode:1981Sci...213..830S. doi:10.1126/science.6266014. PMID   6266014.
  38. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph (February 5, 2017). "To Adopt Precision Medicine, Redesign Clinical Care". NEJM Catalyst. doi:10.1056/CAT.17.0539 (inactive January 31, 2024). Retrieved April 20, 2020.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link)
  39. ↑ pubmeddev. "Snyderman R – PubMed – NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  40. 1 2 3 "Guide to Ralph Snyderman Papers" . Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  41. ↑ Snyderman, Ralph. "SLB Legacy Keynote Lecture Award" . Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  42. ↑ "Congressional Record – 108th Congress (2003-2004) – THOMAS (Library of Congress)". thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2016.[ permanent dead link ]
  43. ↑ "The 2003 Bravewell Leadership Award – The Bravewell Collaborative". www.bravewell.org. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  44. ↑ "PMC.com : Archive". www.personalizedmedicinecoalition.org. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  45. ↑ "Chancellor Emeritus of Duke University's School of Medicine and Chairman, Proventys, Inc., Receives 2008 National IRI Medal | IRI". www.iriweb.org. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  46. ↑ "Frost & Sullivan Recognizes Excellence in Healthcare Innovation". www.frost.com. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  47. ↑ "NCABR Lauds 17 Life Science Leaders | North Carolina Biotech Center". www.ncbiotech.org. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  48. ↑ "2011 DukeMed Alumni awards to Wilson, Cohen & Snyderman | medicine.duke.edu". medicine.duke.edu. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  49. ↑ "Snyderman to Get NC Life Science Award | North Carolina Biotech Center". www.ncbiotech.org. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  50. ↑ "Ralph Snyderman Bio". Personalized Medicine World Conference 2016. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
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