Sipunculus

Sipunculus
Sipunculus nudus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Annelida
Class:	Sipuncula
Order:	Golfingiida
Family:	Sipunculidae
Genus:	Sipunculus Linnaeus, 1766
Synonyms [1]
List Austrosiphon Fisher, 1954 Contraporus Cutler & Cutler, 1985 Liphunculus Chiaje, 1824 Oedematosomum Baird, 1868 Phallosoma Levinsen, 1883 Siphoncolus Scopoli, 1777 Siphonculus Vérany, 1846 Siphunculus Scopoli, 1777 Sipinculus Siponculus Cuvier, 1817 Siponculus Linnaeus, 1766 Sipunculis Linnaeus, 1766 Sipunculis Quatrefages, 1850 Syphunculus Scopoli, 1777 Syrinx Bohadsch, 1761 Xenopsis Johnson, 1969

Sipunculus is a genus of worms belonging to the family Sipunculidae. ^[1]

Taxonomy

Fossilized Siphunculus scaber in Morton (1712)

Sipunculus is a variant spelling of the Latin siphunculus ("little tube"), ^[2] a diminutive of sipho from Greek σίφων (síphōn, "tube, pipe").

Siphunculus was used for fossilized worm-shaped organisms like Siphunculus scaber by the Welsh naturalist Edward Lhuyd in 1699. ^[3] In the next century, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used the scientific name Sipunculus nudus for a species of worms in his 1766 Systema Naturae . ^[4] In 1814, the French zoologist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque used the feminine form Sipuncula to distinguish the family including S. nudus; ^[5] this was later elevated to the Sipuncula class, the family being renamed Sipunculidae and the species reorganized into different genera. ^[6]

Distribution

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. ^[1]

Species

Species included in Sipunculus are: ^[1]

• Sipunculus angasoides Chen, 1963
• Sipunculus clavatus de Blainville, 1827
• Sipunculus corallicolus Pourtalès, 1851
• Sipunculus echinorhynchus Chiaje, 1823
• Sipunculus gulfus Hylleberg, 2014
• Sipunculus indicus Peters, 1850
• Sipunculus lomonossovi Murina, 1968
• Sipunculus longipapillosus Murina, 1968
• Sipunculus macrorhynchus de Blainville, 1827
• Sipunculus marcusi Ditadi, 1976
• Sipunculus microrhynchus de Blainville, 1827
• Sipunculus mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 1883
• Sipunculus norvegicus Danielssen, 1869
• Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus, 1766
• Sipunculus phalloides (Pallas, 1774)
• Sipunculus polymyotus Fisher, 1947
• Sipunculus robustus Keferstein, 1865
• Sipunculus rubens Costa, 1860
• Sipunculus rufofimbriatus Blanchard, 1849
• Sipunculus saccatus Linnaeus, 1767
• Sipunculus thailandicus Hylleberg, 2014
• Sipunculus zenkevitchi Murina, 1969

References

1. "Sipunculus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 2023-12-16.
2. "Sipuncula". Oxford Living Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
3. Lhuyd, Edward (1699), Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia sive Lapidum Aliorum Fossilium Britannicorum Singulari Figura Insignium, quotquot Hactenus vel Ipse Invenit vel ab Amicis Accepit Distributio Classica... (in Latin), Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 1201 ff.
4. Saiz-Salinas, José (2009). "Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 February 2019.
5. Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel (1814). Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de m.r C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz entre 1800 et 1814 ou Choix raisonné de ses principales découvertes en zoologie et en botanique. Royale typographie militaire, aux dépens de l'auteur. p.  32.
6. "Sipuncula". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2019.