Alternative names | Snowy mooncake, ice skin mooncake, crystal mooncake |
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Place of origin | Hong Kong |
Serving temperature | Cold |
Main ingredients | glutinous rice, flour, sugar, milk, vegetable oil, mung bean |
Snow skin mooncake | |||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 冰皮月餅 | ||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 冰皮月饼 | ||||||||||
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Snow skin mooncake,snowy mooncake,ice skin mooncake or crystal mooncake is a Chinese confection eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is a cold mooncake with glutinous rice skin,originating from Hong Kong. [1] [2] Snow skin mooncakes are also found in Macau,mainland China,Taiwan,Singapore,Malaysia and Indonesia. [3] Although snow skin mooncakes are usually made and sold by bakeries,these mooncakes are not baked in ovens like traditional cakes. Unlike traditional mooncakes which are served at room temperature,snow skin mooncakes are typically eaten cold.
The snow skin mooncake emerged in the 1960s. [4] It was developed by a bakery in Hong Kong,because the traditional Cantonese mooncakes were made with salted duck egg yolks and lotus seed paste,resulting in very high sugar and oil content. [5] Since many customers thought traditional mooncakes were an oily food,the bakery used fruit for filling and less oil to make a mooncake with less fat. [6] Another early pioneer of snow skin mooncakes is Poh Guan Cake House (宝源饼家) in Singapore. [4]
Snow skin mooncakes gradually become popular in the 1970s. At that time the snow skin mooncake was also called a "crystal mooncake" (水晶月饼). [7] The name "Bing Pi Yue Bing" (冰皮月饼) appeared in advertisements in the early 1980s. [8]
The crust of snow skin mooncake is made of glutinous rice,which is frozen. [9] The snow skin mooncake is similar to mochi ice cream or yukimi daifuku,as both have glutinous rice crusts and have to be kept frozen.
Snow skin mooncakes are typically white and are served cold,which is why they are named "snow skin". However,mooncakes may have other colors because of added flavors in their crusts. For example,if chocolate is added,the color of the crust might be brown. Green-colored skin is made with the juice of the aromatic Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) leaf,a popular and uniquely South-East Asian flavor.
While traditional mooncakes are usually filled with salted duck egg yolks and lotus seed paste or red bean paste,snow skin mooncakes can be filled with a variety of fillings such as mung bean paste,fruit,green tea,jam,strawberry,chocolate,coffee,cheese. [10] Other flavored fillings include durian,sesame,mango pomelo sago,and purple yam.
The requirements of production,storage and transportation for snow skin mooncakes are more stringent than for baked mooncakes. [11] Because snow skin mooncakes are not baked in an oven,high temperatures cannot be used to kill bacteria. Factories have to keep sterile conditions,and many manufacturers are requested to follow HACCP systematic for food safety. The mooncakes are also kept at a low temperature while in storage,shipping and at the retailer to prevent bacteria growing. Snow skin mooncakes were difficult to find in mainland China before the 2000s,because of the need to keep them refrigerated while in transit from the producer to the consumer. [12]
Snow skin mooncakes are usually packaged in plastic bags in pairs or individually. Because they are not baked,snow skin mooncakes must be refrigerated and can be stored in freezer for up to a few weeks. They are typically thawed for a few hours in a refrigerator before serving,to allow them to soften. Thawed mooncakes should be consumed within 2 hours. [13] Refreezing is not advised.
A mochi is a Japanese rice cake made of mochigome (もち米), a short-grain japonica glutinous rice, and sometimes other ingredients such as water, sugar, and cornstarch. The steamed rice is pounded into paste and molded into the desired shape. In Japan, it is traditionally made in a ceremony called mochitsuki. While eaten year-round, mochi is a traditional food for the Japanese New Year, and is commonly sold and eaten during that time.
Glutinous rice is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast East Asia, the northeastern regions of India and Bhutan which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked. It is widely consumed across Asia.
A mooncake is a Chinese bakery product traditionally eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋節). The festival is primarily about the harvest while a legend connects it to moon watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy. Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important Chinese festivals.
Kuih are bite-sized snack or dessert foods commonly found in Southeast Asia and China. It is a fairly broad term which may include items that would be called cakes, cookies, dumplings, pudding, biscuits, or pastries in English and are usually made from rice or glutinous rice. In China, where the term originates from, kueh or koé (粿) in the Min Nan languages refers to snacks which are typically made from rice but can occasionally be made from other grains such as wheat. The term kuih is widely used in Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore, kueh is used in Singapore and Indonesia, kue is used in Indonesia only, all three refer to sweet or savoury desserts.
Malaysian Chinese cuisine is derived from the culinary traditions of Chinese Malaysian immigrants and their descendants, who have adapted or modified their culinary traditions under the influence of Malaysian culture as well as immigration patterns of Chinese to Malaysia. Malaysian Chinese cuisine is predominantly based on an eclectic repertoire of dishes with roots from Fujian, Cantonese, Hakka and Teochew cuisines.
A rice cake may be any kind of food item made from rice that has been shaped, condensed, or otherwise combined into a single object. A wide variety of rice cakes exist in many different cultures in which rice is eaten. Common variations include cakes made with rice flour, those made from ground rice, and those made from whole grains of rice compressed together or combined with some other binding substance.
Tangyuan are a traditional Chinese dessert made of glutinous rice shaped into balls that are served in a hot broth or syrup. They come in varying sizes, anything between a marble to a ping-pong ball, and are sometimes stuffed with filling. Tangyuan are traditionally eaten during the Lantern Festival, but because the name is a homophone for reunion and symbolizes togetherness and completeness, this dish is also served at weddings, family reunions, Chinese New Year, and the Dōngzhì festival.
Kue are bite-sized snacks or desserts originally from what is now Indonesia but have since spread throughout Southeast Asia. Kue is a fairly broad term in Indonesian to describe a wide variety of snacks including cakes, cookies, fritters, pies, scones, and patisserie. Kue are made from a variety of ingredients in various forms; some are steamed, fried or baked. They are popular snacks in Indonesia, which has the largest variety of kue. Because of the countries' historical colonial ties, Koeé (kue) is also popular in the Netherlands.
Mochi ice cream is a confection made from Japanese mochi with an ice cream filling. It was invented by Japanese-American businesswoman and community activist Frances Hashimoto with help from her husband, Joel.
Bing is a wheat flour-based Chinese bread with a flattened or disk-like shape. These foods may resemble the flatbreads, pancakes, pies and unleavened dough foods of non-Chinese cuisines. Many of them are similar to the Indian roti, French crêpes, Salvadoran pupusa, or Mexican tortilla, while others are more similar to cakes and cookies.
Jiandui or sesame balls are a type of fried Chinese pastry made from glutinous rice flour. The pastry is coated with sesame seeds on the outside and is crisp and chewy after immediately being cooked. Inside the pastry is a large hollow, caused by the expansion of the dough. The hollow of the pastry is filled with a filling usually consisting of lotus paste, or alternatively, sweet black bean paste, or red bean paste.
Lo mai chi, known in Mandarin as nuomici, is a type of Chinese pastry. It is one of the most standard pastries in Hong Kong. It can also be found in most Chinatown bakery shops overseas. It is also referred to as glutinous rice dumpling. Today there are many different modern variations such as green tea flavor, mango flavor, etc.
In Vietnamese, the term bánh translates loosely as "cake" or "bread", but refers to a wide variety of prepared foods that can easily be eaten by hands or chopsticks. With the addition of qualifying adjectives, bánh refers to a wide variety of sweet or savory, distinct cakes, buns, pastries, sandwiches, and other food items, which may be cooked by steaming, baking, frying, deep-frying, or boiling. Foods made from wheat flour or rice flour are generally called bánh, but the term may also refer to certain varieties of noodle and fish cake dishes, such as bánh canh and bánh hỏi.
Chinese desserts are sweet foods and dishes that are served with tea, along with meals or at the end of meals in Chinese cuisine. The desserts encompass a wide variety of ingredients commonly used in East Asian cuisines such as powdered or whole glutinous rice, sweet bean pastes, and agar. Due to the many Chinese cultures and the long history of China, there are a great variety of desserts of many forms.
Ang ku kueh, also known as red tortoise cake, is a small round or oval-shaped Chinese sweet dumpling with soft, sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet central filling. It is molded to resemble a tortoise shell and is presented resting on a square piece of banana leaf. As suggested by its name, red tortoise cakes are traditionally red in color and has a sticky, chewy texture when eaten. Red tortoise cakes are shaped like tortoise shells because the Chinese traditionally believed that eating tortoises would bring longevity, good fortune and prosperity. Considered to be auspicious items, these sweet pastries are especially prepared during important festivals such as Chinese New Year as offerings to the Chinese deities.
Crystal cake is one of the traditional desserts in Weinan city of eastern Shaanxi, China. It has more than 800 years of history and was first invented in Xiagui during the Song dynasty, eventually spreading throughout the region. It gets its name from its filling, which is glittery and translucent, like a crystal.
Red bean paste or red bean jam, also called adzuki bean paste or anko, is a paste made of red beans, used in East Asian cuisine. The paste is prepared by boiling the beans, then mashing or grinding them. At this stage, the paste can be sweetened or left as it is. The color of the paste is usually dark red, which comes from the husk of the beans. In Korean cuisine, the adzuki beans can also be husked prior to cooking, resulting in a white paste. It is also possible to remove the husk by sieving after cooking, but before sweetening, resulting in a red paste that is smoother and more homogeneous.