Southern chestnut-breasted wren

Last updated

Southern chestnut-breasted wren
Cyphorhinus thoracicus Tschudi 1846.png
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Troglodytidae
Genus: Cyphorhinus
Species:
C. thoracicus
Binomial name
Cyphorhinus thoracicus
Tschudi, 1844
Cyphorhinus thoracicus map 2.svg
Synonyms

Leucolepis thoracicus [2]

The southern chestnut-breasted wren (Cyphorhinus thoracicus) is a species of passerine bird in the wren family Troglodytidae that is found in southern Peru and the extreme northwest of Bolivia. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the northern chestnut-breasted wren (Cyphorhinus dichrous) with the English name "chestnut-breasted wren".

Contents

Taxonomy

The southern chestnut-breasted wren was formally described in 1844 by the Swiss naturalist Johann Jakob von Tschudi based on a specimen collected in Peru. He coined the binomial name Cyphorhinus thoracicus where the specific epithet is Medieval Latin meaning "pectoral" or "of the chest". [3] [4] [5] The southern chestnut-breasted wren was formerly treated as conspecific with the northern chestnut-breasted wren (Cyphorhinus dichrous) with the English name "chestnut-breasted wren". The two taxa are now split based on the significant vocal differences despite the minor difference in the color of the plumage. [6]

Description

The southern chestnut-breasted wren is 11.5 to 15 cm (4.5 to 5.9 in) long and weighs 26.5 to 41 g (0.93 to 1.45 oz). It has a sooty black crown, a rich dark brown back and rump, and a dark brown tail. It has a deep orange-brown face, throat, and upper belly and dark brown flanks and lower belly. The juvenile differs from the adult in having a paler lower belly. [7]

Distribution and habitat

The southern chestnut-breasted wren is found in central Peru and western Bolivia. [6] [7] It inhabits wet montane forest including cloud forest with abundant epiphytes and moss. It is mostly found between 1,200 and 2,700 m (3,900 and 8,900 ft) but down to 800 m (2,600 ft) in Peru's Manú Province. [7]

Behavior

Feeding

The chestnut-breasted wren typically remains within 1 m (3.3 ft) of the ground, foraging in leaf litter for invertebrates such as beetles and spiders. It hunts alone, in pairs, or in what are assumed to be small family groups. It only rarely joins mixed-species foraging flocks. [7]

Breeding

Little is known about the chesnut-breasted wren's breeding phenology. Its nesting season appears to differ regionally; overall it is protracted. One nest in Peru has been photographed; it was a domed structure of mostly live material set very close to the ground. It contained two eggs. [7]

Vocalization

The songs of the two chesnut-breasted wren subspecies differ significantly. That of the "southern" C. t. thoracicus is "a variable, musical and usually unhurried series...[of] fluted whistles that differ from each other in pitch, which are then followed by a faster-paced series of 5–11 short whistles...or by a much faster trilled tremolo." Its call is "a low, somewhat frog-like and wooden 'krol'". The song of C. t. dichrous is "a series of usually 3–4 ethereal, clear whistled notes" and its call "a harsh 'churr'". [7]

Status

The IUCN treats the southern chestnut-breasted wren as being of Least Concern. [1] The species is quite common in parts of Colombia, scarce in Ecuador, uncommon to locally common in Peru, and rare to uncommon in Bolivia. It does occur in several protected areas. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wren</span> Family of birds

Wrens are a family, Troglodytidae, of small brown passerine birds. The family includes 96 species and is divided into 19 genera. All species are restricted to the New World except for the Eurasian wren that is widely distributed in the Old World. In Anglophone regions, the Eurasian wren is commonly known simply as the "wren", as it is the originator of the name. The name wren has been applied to other, unrelated birds, particularly the New Zealand wrens (Acanthisittidae) and the Australian wrens (Maluridae).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Streaked tuftedcheek</span> Species of bird

The streaked tuftedcheek is a passerine bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musician wren</span> Species of bird

The musician wren or organ wren is a species of wren named for its elaborate song. It is native to the Amazon rainforest in South America, from the lowlands into the foothills of the Andes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Speckled chachalaca</span> Species of bird

The speckled chachalaca is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-billed scythebill</span> Species of bird

The red-billed scythebill is a species of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fulvous wren</span> Species of bird

The fulvous wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peruvian wren</span> Species of bird

The Peruvian wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Song wren</span> Species of bird

The song wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.

<i>Cyphorhinus</i> Genus of birds

Cyphorhinus is a genus of passerine birds in the wren family Troglodytidae that are found in South and Central America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-breasted wood wren</span> Species of bird

The grey-breasted wood wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found from Mexico to Bolivia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bar-bellied woodcreeper</span> Species of bird

The bar-bellied woodcreeper is a species of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern nightingale-wren</span> Species of bird

The southern nightingale-wren, also known as the scaly-breasted wren, is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moustached wren</span> Species of bird

The moustached wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spot-breasted wren</span> Species of bird found in Mexico and Central America

The spot-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stripe-breasted wren</span> Species of bird

The stripe-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mountain wren</span> Species of bird

The mountain wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in the Andes of northwestern Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and western Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolivian earthcreeper</span> Species of bird

The Bolivian earthcreeper is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Argentina and Bolivia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ocellated woodcreeper</span> Species of bird

The ocellated woodcreeper is a species of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tschudi's woodcreeper</span> Subspecies of bird

Tschudi's woodcreeper is a passerine bird native to South America. It belongs to the genus Xiphorhynchus in the woodcreeper subfamily, Dendrocolaptinae. It is usually regarded as a subspecies of the ocellated woodcreeper. It is named after Johann Jakob von Tschudi, the Swiss explorer and naturalist who first described the bird.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern chestnut-breasted wren</span> Species of bird

The northern chestnut-breasted wren is a species of passerine bird in the wren family Troglodytidae that is found in central Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. It was formerly considered as a subspecies of the chestnut-breasted wren now renamed the southern chestnut-breasted wren.

References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2016). "Southern Chestnut-breasted Wren Cyphorhinus thoracicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  2. Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 23 May 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved May 24, 2021
  3. Tschudi, Johann Jakob von (1844). "Avium conspectus quae in Republica Peruana reperiuntur et pleraeque obser vatae vel collectae sunt in itinere". Archiv für Naturgeschichte (in Latin). 10: 262-317 [282].
  4. Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1960). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 9. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 438.
  5. Jobling, James A. "thoracicus". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  6. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens & gnatcatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kroodsma, D. E., J. del Hoyo, D. Brewer, N. Collar, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Chestnut-breasted Wren (Cyphorhinus thoracicus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.chbwre1.01 retrieved July 19, 2021

Further reading