Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of pelagic fish, mostly from the family Scombridae. They are found in both temperate and tropical seas, mostly living along the coast or offshore in the oceanic environment.
Herring are forage fish, mostly belonging to the family of Clupeidae.
"Sardine" and "pilchard" are common names for various species of small, oily forage fish in the herring family Clupeidae. The term "sardine" was first used in English during the early 15th century; a folk etymology says it comes from the Italian island of Sardinia, around which sardines were once supposedly abundant.
Sprat is the common name applied to a group of forage fish belonging to the genus Sprattus in the family Clupeidae. The term also is applied to a number of other small sprat-like forage fish. Like most forage fishes, sprats are highly active, small, oily fish. They travel in large schools with other fish and swim continuously throughout the day.
The New Zealand blueback sprat is a herring-like, forage fish of the family Clupeidae found in the waters around New Zealand, between latitudes 37° S and 48° S, and longitude 166° E and 180° E, to depths of up to 50 m. It belongs to the genus Sprattus, a small oily fish usually known by their common name, sprats. Its length is up to 12 cm.
Sardinella is a genus of fish in the family Clupeidae found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. They are abundant in warmer waters of the tropical and subtropical oceans. Adults are generally coastal, schooling, marine fish but juveniles are often found in lagoons and estuaries. These species are distinguished by their ranges and by specific body features, but they are often confused with one another. Fish of the genus have seven to 14 striped markings along the scales of the top of the head. The paddle-shaped supramaxilla bones are characteristic; they separate Sardinella from other genera and their shapes help distinguish species. They have paired predorsal scales and enlarged fin rays.
Dorosoma is a genus that contains five species of shads, within the herring family Clupeidae. The five species are native to the North and/or Central America, and are mostly known from fresh water, though some may reside in the waters of estuaries and bays.
Chelaethiops is a genus of cyprinid fish found in lakes and rivers of Africa. While commonly called "sardines", they are not related to the true sardines of the family Clupeidae. There are currently five recognized species in this genus.
Sauvagella is a genus of small fresh and brackish water fish in the family Clupeidae. There are currently two species, both of which are endemic to Madagascar.
Sauvagella robusta is a small species of fish in the family Clupeidae. It is endemic to the Amboaboa and Mangarahara River Basins in northern Madagascar. This relatively slender fish reaches a length of 6.8 cm (2.7 in), and is overall pale yellowish with silvery on the lower parts. Its current conservation status is unclear, but the cichlid Ptychochromis insolitus, which is highly threatened from habitat loss, is native to the same region. Sauvagella robusta is known to survive at least in Lake Tseny.
Lucania is a genus of North American ray-finned killifishes in the family Fundulidae. The genus can be found in northeastern Mexico and the southeastern and eastern parts of the United States, with L. parva ranging as far north as Massachusetts. They are mostly found in fresh water, although L. parva also is frequent in coastal brackish water. They are sometimes held in aquariums.
Dussumieriidae is a family of clupeiform fishes popularly called the "round herrings". It is now recognized by FishBase as a family in its own right; it had been considered to be a subfamily of Clupeidae. It contains two extant genera, and one extinct genus from the Ypresian of Monte Bolca.
Escualosa is a genus of fishes in the herring family, Clupeidae. The genus currently contains two described species.
Ilisha is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Pristigasteridae. The genus contains 16 species. It is similar to Pellona but lacks a toothed hypo-maxilla. The genus has a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical coastal waters and estuaries. Some species also enter rivers, and I. amazonica and I. novacula are largely–if not entirely–restricted to tropical rivers.
Nannothrissa is a genus of very small fish in the herring family, Clupeidae, endemic to the Congo River system in Africa. There are currently only two recognized species
Odaxothrissa, the fangtooth pellonulines, is a genus of fresh-water fish in the herring family, Clupeidae. There are currently three recognized species in this genus, all of which are found in tropical Africa.
Pellonula is a small genus of fish in the herring family, Clupeidae. There are currently two recognized species in this genus. Both species of this genus are native to Africa.
Caspian tyulka, Clupeonella caspia, is a species of fish in the family Clupeidae. It is found in the Caspian Sea, also in the lower reaches of the rivers Volga, Ural, and possibly Terek. This is a brackishwater pelagic-neritic fish, up to 12 cm maximum length.
Clupea is genus of planktivorous bony fish belonging to the family Clupeidae, commonly known as herrings. They are found in the shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans, including the Baltic Sea. Two main species of Clupea are currently recognized: the Atlantic herring and the Pacific herring, which have each been divided into subspecies. Herrings are forage fish moving in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and America, where they form important commercial fisheries.
The short barbelled catfish is a species of catfish in the family Ariidae. It was described by Tyson R. Roberts in 1978, originally under the genus Arius. It inhabits the Fly River in Papua New Guinea. It reaches a maximum standard length of 60 cm (24 in). Its diet consists of bony fish in the families Chanidae, Clupeidae and Melanotaeniidae.
