Swainsona recta

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Swainsona recta
Swainsona recta.jpg
In the Australian National Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Swainsona
Species:
S. recta
Binomial name
Swainsona recta

Swainsona recta, commonly known as mountain Swainson-pea or small purple pea, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-east of continental Australia. It is an erect or ascending perennial plant with imparipinnate leaves with 5 to 13 very narrowly linear leaflets, and racemes of about 6 to more than 25 purple flowers.

Contents

Description

Swainsona recta is an erect or ascending perennial plant that typically up to a height of 20 cm (7.9 in) with 1 or 2 slender, ribbed stems. Its leaves are imparipinnate, mostly 30–60 mm (1.2–2.4 in) long, with 5 to 13 very narrowly linear leaflets, the side leaflets mostly 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long and 1 mm (0.039 in) wide. There is a long, narrow stipule, between 2 and 10 mm (0.079 and 0.394 in) long at the base of the petiole. The flowers are arranged in racemes 80–250 mm (3.1–9.8 in) long with about 6 to more than 25 flowers on a peduncle 0.5–1.5 mm (0.020–0.059 in) long, each flower 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long on a densely hairy pedicel 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) long. The sepals are joined at the base, forming a tube 2.0–2.5 mm (0.079–0.098 in) long, the sepal lobes usually half as long as the tube. The petals are purple, the standard petal about 7–11 mm (0.28–0.43 in) long and wide, the wings 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long, and the keel about 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long and 2.0–2.5 mm (0.079–0.098 in) deep. Flowering occurs between September and early December, and the fruit is 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide with the remains of the style about 4 mm (0.16 in) long. [3] [4] [2]

Taxonomy and naming

Swainsona recta was first formally described in 1948 by Alma Theodora Lee in Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium , from specimens collected by Marie Henley [5] near Wangaratta. [6] The specific epithet (recta) means "straight". [7]

Distribution and habitat

Mountain Swainson-pea grows in grassland and open woodland, often on stony hillsides on the Central and South Western Slopes of New South Wales and in the north and north-east of Victoria. [3] [2] [4]

Conservation status

Swainsona recta is listed as "endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 , and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 , [8] and as "critically endangered" under the Victorian Government Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 . [4] In the past, this species was relatively widespread in north-eastern Victoria and on the slopes and tablelands of New South Wales, but is now clustered in two locations, one between Wellington and Mudgee and the other in the Canberra - Williamsdale district. Plants raised at the Australian National Botanic Gardens have been successfully translocated to a nature reserve in the south of the Australian Capital Territory. [9] The species is part of the "Saving our Species" program, and an "action plan" has been implemented. [10]

Related Research Articles

<i>Swainsona behriana</i> Species of plant

Swainsona behriana, commonly known as Behr's swainsona, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a prostrate or low-growing perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves usually with 9 to 13 narrowly elliptic to egg-shaped leaflets with the narrower end towards the base, and racemes of 2 to 7 purple flowers.

<i>Swainsona procumbens</i> Species of plant

Swainsona procumbens, commonly known as Broughton pea or swamp pea is a species of flowering plant in the pea family (Fabaceae), and is native to Australia. It is a spreading or ascending perennial shrub-like herb with imparipinnate leaves with 15 to 25 linear to narrowly lance-shaped leaflets with the narrower end towards the base, and racemes of 2 to 12 purple or mauve to pink flowers.

<i>Swainsona phacoides</i> Species of plant

Swainsona phacoides commonly known as dwarf Swainson-pea or lilac Darling pea, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, and is native to all mainland states of Australia and the Northern Territory. It is a prostrate or ascending perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves usually with 5 to 13 elliptic leaflets tapered at both ends, and racemes of usually 7 4 usually pale to dark reddish-purple.

<i>Swainsona brachycarpa</i> Species of plant

Swainsona brachycarpa, commonly known as slender swainson-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a prostrate or ascending perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves usually with 9 to 13 egg-shaped to narrowly elliptic or egg-shaped leaflets, and racemes of up to 12 white, purple or dark red flowers.

<i>Swainsona campestris</i> Species of legume

Swainsona campestris is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to arid areas of southern Australia. It is an erect perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves with 9 to 11 linear to narrowly lance-shaped leaflets, and racemes of pink or purple flowers in racemes of 5 to 10.

<i>Swainsona campylantha</i> Species of legume

Swainsona campylantha, commonly known as Gilgai Darling pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to inland areas of Australia. It is a low-growing perennial with imparipinnate leaves usually with up to 7 narrowly lance-shaped to narrowly elliptic leaflets, and racemes of 2 to 10 pink to purple flowers.

Swainsona extrajacens is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to central Australia. It is an erect, annual plant with imparipinnate leaves with 9 to 21 linear, egg-shaped leaflets, and racemes of purple flowers in racemes of 5 to 10.

Swainsona forrestii is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the central northern Western Australia. It is an erect or spreading, single-stemmed annual herb, with imparipinnate leaves with about 13 to 17 narrowly egg-shaped or narrowly ellipitic leaflets, and racemes of dark brownish red to purple or pink flowers in racemes of 30 or more.

Swainsona fuscoviridis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a perennial plant with many stems and imparipinnate leaves with mostly 7 or 9 ellipitic, linear or egg-shaped or lance-shaped leaflets, and racemes of 12 to 20 purple flowers.

<i>Swainsona laciniata</i> Species of legume

Swainsona laciniata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is a prostrate or ascending perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves with 7 to 13 broadly elliptic to broadly egg-shaped leaflets, and racemes of 3 to 8 purple flowers.

Swainsona luteola, commonly known as dwarf Darling pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the eastern Australia. It is a prostrate or low-lying to semi-erect perennial with imparipinnate leaves with usually 3 to 17 narrowly elliptic leaflets, and racemes of 5 to 15 purple, sometimes yellow flowers.

Swainsona microcalyx, commonly known as wild violet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to southern mainland Australia. It is a prostrate or low-growing perennial herb, with imparipinnate leaves with 5 to 9 broadly egg-shaped to wedge-shaped leaflets and racemes of 5 to 15 purple flowers.

<i>Swainsona microphylla</i> Species of legume

Swainsona microphylla, commonly known as small-leaf swainson-pea, small-leaf swainsona, or poison swainson-pea is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to mainland Australia. It is a prostrate or low-growing, sometimes erect perennial herb, with imparipinnate leaves with mostly 21 to 41 broadly wedge-shaped to round leaflets and racemes of 5 to 10 white, pink or purple flowers.

Swainsona minutiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a prostrate, herbaceous plant with imparipinnate leaves with 5 to 9 oblong or narrowly oblong leaflets with the narrower end towards the base, and racemes of 3 to 7 yellow or pinkish flowers.

<i>Swainsona murrayana</i> Species of plant

Swainsona murrayana, commonly known as slender Darling-pea or slender Darling pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern mainland Australia. It is a prostrate, low-growing or erect perennial herb, with imparipinnate leaves with 3 to 11 linear to elliptic leaflets and racemes of 3 to 11 pink or purple flowers.

<i>Swainsona oroboides</i> Species of flowering plants

Swainsona oroboides, commonly known as variable swainsona or kneed Darling pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a prostrate or ascending perennial plant with imparipinnate leaves with 3 to 7 narrowly elliptic leaflets and racemes of 3 to about 16 purple flowers.

Swainsona pedunculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to inland areas of Western Australia. It is a small, ascending annual herb with imparipinnate leaves with 3 to 7 narrowly elliptic or lance-shaped leaflets, and racemes of 2 to 3 purple flowers.

Swainsona perlonga is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to inland parts of the south-west of Western Australia. It is a scrambling perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves with 7 to 13 egg-shaped or almost round leaflets, and racemes of 7 to 10 purple to lilac-pink flowers.

Swainsona plagiotropis, commonly known as red swainsona-pea is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern continental Australia. It is a prostrate or ascending perennial herb with imparipinnate leaves with 13 to 25 narrowly egg-shaped or narrowly lance-shaped leaflets and racemes of 2 to 5 reddish-purple flowers.

<i>Swainsona purpurea</i> Species of legume

Swainsona purpurea, commonly known as purple Swainson-pea or purple Darling pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to arid areas of inland Australia. It is an erect or spreading annual or perennial plant with imparipinnate leaves with 3 to 11 mostly linear or elliptic leaflets, and racemes of 3 to about 20 purple flowers.

References

  1. ↑ "Swainsona pedunculata". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 Thompson, Joy; James, Teresa A. "Swainsona recta". Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  3. 1 2 Thompson, Joy (1993). "A revision of the genus Swainsona (Fabaceae)". Telopea. 5 (3): 505–506. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 Jeanes, Jeff A.; Stajsic, Val. "Swainsona recta". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  5. ↑ https://www.anbg.gov.au/biography/henley-maria.html
  6. ↑ "Swainsona recta". Australian Plant Name Index. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  7. ↑ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 292. ISBN   9780958034180.
  8. ↑ "Small purple-pea - profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  9. ↑ "Small purple pea (Swainsona recta)". Government of the Australian Capital Territory. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  10. ↑ "Swainsona recta Action Plan" (PDF). Australian Capital Territory Government. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
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