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This article is about the 1978 adult animated film. For the song by UDD, see UDD (band) §Discography. For the television series by Marissa L. Flores, see Tadhana.
Tadhana[a] (English: Destiny)[1] is a 1978 Filipino adult animated television film written and directed by cartoonistNonoy Marcelo. Presenting a satirical and light-hearted take on Philippine history, the film depicts several historical figures and mythological creatures during the Spanish colonial period through various vignettes.[2] It is the first feature-length animated film ever produced in the Philippines.
Tadhana premiered on Philippine television on September 21, 1978, in commemoration of the sixth anniversary of martial law. In later years, the film fell into obscurity, while it would be two decades before the next feature-length animated film was made by local producers: Geirry Garccia's Adarna: The Mythical Bird (1997).[4][5]
After becoming interested in animation while working as a cartoonist, Nonoy Marcelo was hired by the Philippine government to work as an animator at the National Media Production Center beginning in 1977.[9] He then collaborated with Imee Marcos, with whom he had previously worked with on the 1977 documentary film Da Real Makoy,[10][11] and his uncle José Zabala-Santos by creating the first-ever full-length animated film to come out of the Philippines, which was originally conceived as a television pilot that sought to teach the nation's history from the perspective of the Marcos administration.[12]
While writing and directing the film, he added his own interpretation of the history of the Philippines as a series of vignettes, including whimsical, satirical, sometimes subversive and particularly anti-clerical touches to the narrative.[13] Imee insists that while it was not only a literally faithful adaptation of her father's books, it was faithful to their themes.[8]
Filming
The animation studio was set up in Quezon City to highlight the strategic focus placed on the project.[14] Production on the film lasted for three months and employed a team of sixty artists, including printmaker Pandy Aviado, who served as the film’s animator and assistant director, and Santiago Bose, by Imee. Some of the production crew and artists also did voice work for the film, including Aviado and Marcelo himself.[14] Unlike many animated features filmed in 24 frames per second, the film's animation is entirely limited with panoramic drawings using cellulose nitrate or acetate.[15]
An excerpt title of the film found from Huling Ptyk: Da Art of Nonoy Marcelo.
Following the immense success of Tadhana and the "turning point" of Philippine animation as a labor hub in the 1980s, it was initiative of broadcasting catered to a broad audience and embedded the film within the popular cultural milieu of the time.[17] Due to lack of commercial release in local theaters, the film was never credited to be the first animated film from the Philippines until Adarna: The Mythical Bird in 1997.[4][5]
None of copies of known print or negative 35mm film were found in the GMA archive after one-time broadcast until two decades later, when a video copy was recorded from that broadcast by Mr. Teddy Co, who lent the copy to Mowelfund Film Institute.[8]
1 2 3 Mayuga, Sylvia L. (2005). "Chapter 5: Dancing With The Dictator". Huling Ptyk: Da Art of Nonoy Marcelo. The House Printers Corporation. pp.65–84. Drawing board to our country's first full-length animation by Nonoy Marcelo.
1 2 Aviado, Pandy (2005). "Isang Balik-tingin sa Pagsasa-Animation ng Tadhana". Huling Ptyk: Da Art of Nonoy Marcelo. The House Printers Corporation. pp.75–78.
↑ Mayuga, Sylvia L. (2005). "Revisiting Da Real Makoy". Huling Ptyk: Da Art of Nonoy Marcelo. The House Printers Corporation. pp.68–69. The two Nonoy Marcelo and Egay Navarro] managed to push the limits, casually capturing their producer Imee [Marcos] smoothing the way with coy Barbie-doll eyes.
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