The Outsiders (musical)

Last updated
The Outsiders
The Outsiders Musical Poster.jpg
Broadway promotional poster
Music Jonathan Clay
Zach Chance
Justin Levine
LyricsJonathan Clay
Zach Chance
Justin Levine
Book Adam Rapp
Justin Levine
Basis The Outsiders
by S. E. Hinton
The Outsiders
by Kathleen Rowell
PremiereFebruary 19, 2023 (2023-02-19): La Jolla Playhouse
Productions2023 La Jolla Playhouse
2024 Broadway

The Outsiders is a 2023 musical with music and lyrics by Jonathan Clay and Zach Chance from the folk rock band Jamestown Revival alongside Justin Levine and a book by Adam Rapp and Levine. [1] [2] It is based on the novel The Outsiders , first published in 1967 and written by S. E. Hinton, and on its 1983 film adaptation written by Kathleen Rowell and directed by Francis Ford Coppola. [3] In 1990, playwright Christopher Sergel published a straight play version of the story. [4]

Contents

The musical, told from the perspective of 14-year-old Ponyboy Curtis, is set in Tulsa, Oklahoma during the 1960s and follows the conflict between two rival gangs divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class "Greasers" and the upper-middle-class "Socs" (pronounced /ˈsoʊʃɪz/ —short for Socials ). [5]

The show received mixed-to-positive reviews, with most of the praise directed towards the script, choreography and Brody Grant's performance as Ponyboy. It received 12 nominations at the 77th Tony Awards, including Best Musical. [6]

Plot

This is the plot of the Broadway production from 2024. There may have been changes in the transfer from La Jolla.

Act 1

Ponyboy Curtis, aged 14, is writing in a notebook, when he begins to introduce the world of the show — Tulsa in 1967. He introduces his eldest brother Darrel who used to be a football star with "a ticket out," and his middle brother Sodapop, who recently had his heart broken. He introduces the Greasers, the more gritty, grounded counterparts to the Socs who "live like socialites." He specifically points out his best friend, Greaser Johnny Cade, who was recently jumped by Socs ("Tulsa, '67").

Ponyboy is jumped by the same Socs who attacked Johnny, led by their ringleader Bob. The Socs attempt to cut Ponyboy's hair to make him look like a Soc, Ponyboy bites one of them, and then goes unconscious. He wakes up to his brothers cleaning him up. The other Greasers — led by Dally, who just got out of county lockup — tell Ponyboy that he has officially become a Greaser, having gotten through this experience and come out the other end. Darrel worries that Ponyboy is making an irresponsible choice in cementing himself as a Greaser, but Dally makes it official anyway ("Grease Got a Hold").

Darrel is at home folding laundry, reflecting on his role as a pseudo-father to his younger brothers after their parents recently died in a car accident ("Runs in the Family"). Ponyboy comes home and asks Darrel if he can go to the drive-in with Johnny, Two-Bit, and Dally. Darrel agrees, as long as Ponyboy stays careful and isn't late for curfew. Ponyboy and Sodapop discuss how Darrel's in a hard place right now, and Ponyboy asks his brother if, like himself, he dreams about his parents' accident. Sodapop says no, before asking Ponyboy about the book he's reading. Ponyboy and Sodapop reflect on the similarities they each see in the characters in the book "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens. After Sodapop goes to sleep, Ponyboy keeps reading and following this train of thought ("Great Expectations").

Meanwhile, Dally finds Johnny outside his house, with sounds of intense arguing from inside. After it becomes clear this has happened before, Johnny tells Dally that he stays at home because he's scared his father will kill his mother. Dally offers to go inside the house himself, but Johnny doesn't let him. Dally gives Johnny a cigarette for warmth, a Hershey Bar, and a knife, which he teaches Johnny how to use.

The next day, Dally, Johnny, and Ponyboy all go to the drive-in, which is full of Socs. There, they meet Sherri "Cherry" Valance ("Friday at the Drive-in"). Dally keeps hitting on Cherry, claiming she's "not as innocent" as she may seem. Johnny tries to stop him. After Dally leaves, Cherry and her friend Marcia invite Ponyboy and Johnny to sit with them, before eventually asking Ponyboy to escort her to the concession stand. There, the two begin talking and realize that the other isn't exactly as stereotypes led them to believe — Cherry is dealing with fighting and demanding parents, and Ponyboy likes books and watching the sky change colors as the sun sets ("I Could Talk to You All Night").

Bob, Cherry's boyfriend, tries to tell Cherry to not talk to Greasers, leading to an altercation between the two groups. Cherry stops them from fighting, but breaks up with Bob in doing so. Bob — who is clearly drunk — threatens Ponyboy. Cherry tells Ponyboy to not take it the wrong way if she doesn't say hello to him at school. Ponyboy and Johnny arrive at the Curtis home, late for curfew. Darrel gets upset, and Ponyboy fights back. As tensions escalate, Darrel slaps Ponyboy ("Runs in the Family" (reprise)). Ponyboy and Johnny run away. They sit and contemplate what could be next for them, dreaming of running far away ("Far Away From Tulsa").

Ponyboy and Johnny are stopped by the Socs, led by Bob. A fight breaks out, and it escalates quickly. The Socs attempt to drown Ponyboy, but before they can finish the job, Johnny stabs Bob with the knife Dally gave him, killing the Soc. Ponyboy and Johnny run to Dally, who gives them money and instructions to an abandoned church where they can hide for the time being, and Ponyboy and Johnny do as they're told ("Run Run Brother").

Act 2

In Tulsa, the Socs and police are searching for Ponyboy and Johnny, who the Socs told the police were responsible for Bob's death. At the abandoned church, Ponyboy and Johnny see their photos in the newspaper, and decide that Ponyboy needs to cut and bleach his hair in order to make him less recognizable. Darrel and Sodapop are interrogated about what they know or who they know that might know more, with the police singling out Dally as a specific person of interest. Cherry mourns her boyfriend, but acknowledges that he and his friends have made some bad choices ("Justice for Tulsa").

Dally tells Darrel and Sodapop that no one will find Ponyboy and Johnny, but Darrel blames Dally for being a bad influence on the two boys. Dally counters that he spends more time with Ponyboy than Darrel, his own brother. Sodapop stops the fighting before it can escalate more, but Dally walks away angry. Meanwhile, at the church, Ponyboy reflects on how he feels that he brings death and bad luck to others, and that Johnny should just leave him at the church and run away on his own. Johnny refuses, saying he will stick by Ponyboy no matter what ("Death's at My Door"). Back at the Curtis house, Darrel worries that he will never be able to help Ponyboy, and contemplates giving up. Sodapop reminds him that they don't give up on family. Ponyboy reflects on this from the church, on his own ("Throwing in the Towel").

Ponyboy recites a poem ("Nothing Gold Can Stay" by Robert Frost) to Johnny, as they watch the sunrise. Dally arrives at the church, and tells Ponyboy and Johnny that there are kids at the church having a field trip or picnic of some kind. He gives Ponyboy a letter from Sodapop (really, both of his brothers, just signed by Sodapop) about how the house isn't complete without Ponyboy ("Soda's Letter"). Johnny decides he wants to return to Tulsa and turn himself in. Dally is adamant that this is a bad idea, telling the boys that it's always better to run away from trouble like he did, going from town to town. He also reveals that the Socs and Greasers' rivalry has only worsened, and that there will soon be a rumble. The winner gets control over the park. During this conversation, Ponyboy throws a cigarette he's finished with on the ground behind him.

Dally tells Ponyboy and Johnny that he is going to drive them to Iowa where someone is going to take them in. Before they can leave, though, the church catches on fire from the cigarette Ponyboy threw away. Ponyboy and Johnny run into the flames in order to rescue the kids Dally had mentioned earlier, turning them into local heroes back in Tulsa — where they return ("Hoods Turned Heroes"). Ponyboy ends up not badly injured, but a beam fell on Johnny's back, and he can no longer feel his legs. Dally says he will not be holding back at the rumble. Cherry comes to the hospital room, and tells Ponyboy that she just learned that both he and Johnny were cleared of all murder charges. She begs Ponyboy to not fight in the upcoming rumble ("Hopeless War").

Ponyboy feels he has to fight for Johnny, and joins the Greasers in preparing for the rumble. Darrel shows up, ready to fight, and asks Ponyboy to let him fight on his behalf. Ponyboy still refuses, and all three Curtis brothers prepare to fight in the rumble ("Trouble"). Darrel and Paul — once best friends, now rivals — start fighting one-on-one, before everyone breaks out into an all-out fight. The Greasers and Socs brutally fight one another in the pouring rain, and eventually the Greasers win. They go visit Johnny in the hospital after the fight. Johnny tells Ponyboy to "stay gold," and then dies. All the Greasers become emotional, but Dally in particular. He snaps at his friends, before storming out. He runs to the train tracks — Ponyboy narrates that he's so fast, no one can catch him — and lets himself get hit by an oncoming train, killing him ("Little Brother").

Ponyboy is distraught, not speaking, and staring at the television while his brothers try to help him. They reveal he's been like that for two weeks. Ponyboy and Darrel fight, but Sodapop stops them. Cherry then stops by, revealing she started volunteering at the hospital. She found a pile of Johnny's clothes, and thought Ponyboy should have them. She tells Ponyboy that Johnny left a note for him in one of his pockets. The note — which Sodapop reads to Ponyboy, as Ponyboy is too emotional to even open it — reveals that Johnny had time to think before he died (which he knew was coming), and that he understands the meaning of "Nothing Gold Can Stay," which neither of them were sure the meaning of back at the church. He again tells Ponyboy to "stay gold," and asks him to remind Dally of the good in the world ("Stay Gold").

Ponyboy tells Darrel and Sodapop that while he loves being a Greaser, that's not all there is to him, which both of his brothers accept. Ponyboy sits down to eat dinner with the two of them. Sodapop asks him about what he was writing in his notebook before (after reading the note, before coming to dinner), and Ponyboy says Tulsa, and the things that go on there. Darrel and Sodapop want to read it, but Ponyboy is self-conscious about it. Eventually, Darrel reads it out loud, revealing it to be the opening narration to "The Outsiders" novel (Finale ("Tulsa '67")).

Production history

San Diego (2023)

The musical was originally announced in 2019 and was set to premiere at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago directed by Liesl Tommy with a performance run scheduled from June 20, 2020, until August 2, 2020, that was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [7] A prior workshop was held in 2022 with Casey Likes as Ponyboy. [8] The musical premiered at the La Jolla Playhouse on February 19, 2023, and closed April 9, 2023, after extending a week due to high ticket sales. [9] The principal cast included Brody Grant as Ponyboy Curtis, Sky Lakota-Lynch as Johnny Cade, Ryan Vasquez as Darrell Curtis, and Jason Schmidt as Sodapop Curtis. [10]

Broadway (2024)

The production transferred to Broadway with the same creative team. The show began previews on March 16, 2024, at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre with an opening night scheduled for April 11, 2024. [11] Among the show's producers are actresses LaChanze and Angelina Jolie, as well as The Araca Group, Francis Ford Coppola under his American Zoetrope banner, and Warner Bros. Theatre Ventures. [12] The show will be directed by Danya Taymor, niece of director Julie Taymor. Choreography is by brothers Rick and Jeff Kuperman. Costumes are by Sarafina Bush with music direction and orchestrations by Matt Hinkely. Jack Viertel served as creative director for the project. Tilly Evans-Krueger is the associate choreographer and dance captain for the ensemble. Before moving to Broadway, the cast traveled to Tulsa, Oklahoma to see the real-life places and inspiration behind the original story. [13] Opening night reviews were mixed-to-positive, with most of the praise being directed towards the script, choreography and Brody Grant's performance. [14]

Characters and original casts

CharacterWorkshopSan Diego [15] Broadway [16]
202220232024
Ponyboy CurtisCasey LikesBrody Grant
Sodapop "Soda" CurtisBrody GrantJason Schmidt
Darrel "Darry" CurtisRyan VasquezBrent Comer
Johnny CadeSky Lakota-Lynch
Dallas "Dally" WinstonPhillip Johnson RichardsonDa'Von T. Moody Joshua Boone
Keith "Two-Bit" MathewsTrevor McGhieDaryl Tofa
Sherri "Cherry" ValancePiper PattersonEmma Pittman
MarciaKiki LemieuxSarahGrace Mariani
Robert "Bob" SheldonBlake RomanKevin William Paul
Paul HoldenAidan WhartonBrent ComerDan Berry

Musical numbers

Awards and nominations

2024 Broadway production

YearAwardCategoryNomineeResult
2024
 Drama League Awards Outstanding Production of a MusicalPending
Distinguished Performance Joshua BoonePending
Brody GrantPending
Outer Critics Circle Awards Outstanding New Broadway MusicalNominated
Outstanding Choreography (Broadway or Off-Broadway)Rick Kuperman and Jeff KupermanNominated
Outstanding Lighting Design (Broadway or Off-Broadway) Brian MacDevitt Won
Drama Desk Awards [18] Outstanding MusicalPending
Outstanding Lead Performance in a MusicalBrody GrantPending
Outstanding Direction of a MusicalDanya TaymorPending
Outstanding ChoreographyRick Kuperman and Jeff KupermanPending
Outstanding Music Jonathan Clay, Zach Chance, and Justin LevinePending
Outstanding LyricsPending
Outstanding Scenic Design of a MusicalAMP, Tatiana KahvegianPending
Outstanding Lighting Design of a Musical Brian MacDevitt and Hana S. Kim (projections)Pending
Outstanding Sound Design of a MusicalCody SpencerPending
Tony Awards Best Musical Pending
Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical Brody GrantPending
Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical Joshua Boone Pending
Sky Lakota-LynchPending
Best Direction of a Musical Danya TaymorPending
Best Book of a Musical Justin Levine and Adam Rapp Pending
Best Original Score (Music and/or Lyrics) Written for the Theatre Jamestown Revival (Zach Chance and Jonathan Clay) and Justin Levine (music and lyrics)Pending
Best Scenic Design in a Musical AMP featuring Tatiana KahvegianPending
Best Lighting Design in a Musical Hana S. Kim and Brian MacDevitt Pending
Best Sound Design in a Musical Cody SpencerPending
Best Choreography Rick Kuperman and Jeff KupermanPending
Best Orchestrations Matt Hinkley, Justin Levine and Jamestown Revival (Zach Chance and Jonathan Clay)Pending

Related Research Articles

<i>Grease</i> (musical) 1971 musical

Grease is a musical with music, lyrics, and a book by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey. Named after the 1950s United States working-class youth subculture known as greasers and set in 1959 at the fictional Rydell High School in Northwest Chicago, the musical follows ten working-class teenagers as they navigate the complexities of peer pressure, politics, personal core values, and love.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">C. Thomas Howell</span> American actor (born 1966)

Christopher Thomas Howell is an American actor. He has starred in the films Soul Man, The Hitcher, Grandview U.S.A., Red Dawn, Secret Admirer, and The Outsiders. He has also appeared in Gettysburg and Gods and Generals as Thomas Chamberlain; E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial; The Amazing Spider-Man; Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox; and Suicide Squad: Hell to Pay.

Susan Eloise Hinton is an American writer best known for her young-adult novels (YA) set in Oklahoma, especially The Outsiders (1967), which she wrote during high school. Hinton is credited with introducing the YA genre.

<i>The Wiz</i> 1974 musical based on the 1900 book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

The Wiz: The Super Soul Musical "Wonderful Wizard of Oz" is a musical with music and lyrics by Charlie Smalls and book by William F. Brown. It is a retelling of L. Frank Baum's children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) in the context of contemporary African-American culture. It opened on October 21, 1974, at the Morris A. Mechanic Theatre in Baltimore, and moved to Broadway's Majestic Theatre with a new cast on January 5, 1975.

<i>Rumble Fish</i> 1983 film directed by Francis Ford Coppola

Rumble Fish is a 1983 American drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola. It is based on the 1975 novel Rumble Fish by S. E. Hinton, who also co-wrote the screenplay with Coppola. The film stars Matt Dillon, Mickey Rourke, Vincent Spano, Diane Lane, Diana Scarwid, Nicolas Cage, Chris Penn, and Dennis Hopper.

<i>The Outsiders</i> (novel) 1967 novel by S. E. Hinton

The Outsiders is a coming-of-age novel by S.E. Hinton published in 1967 by Viking Press. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs of White Americans divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class "Greasers" and the upper-middle-class "Socs". The story is told in first-person perspective by teenage protagonist Ponyboy Curtis, and takes place in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1965, although this is never explicitly stated in the book.

<i>That Was Then, This Is Now</i> 1971 young adult novel by S. E. Hinton

That Was Then, This Is Now is a coming-of age, young adult novel by S. E. Hinton, first published in 1971. Set in the 1960s, it follows the relationship between two brothers, Mark Jennings and Bryon Douglas, who are foster brothers, but find their relationship rapidly changing and deteriorating. The book was later adapted into a 1985 film starring Emilio Estevez and Craig Sheffer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vondie Curtis-Hall</span> American actor and director

Vondie Curtis-Hall is an American actor, film director, and television director. As an actor, he is known for his role as Dr. Dennis Hancock on the CBS medical drama Chicago Hope created by David E. Kelley and as Ben Urich in the Netflix TV series Daredevil. He wrote and directed the cult film Gridlock'd.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Danny Boy (rapper)</span> American rapper

Daniel O'Connor, better known as Danny Boy or Danny Boy O'Connor, is an American rapper, art director, and the executive director of The Outsiders House Museum. O'Connor spent his childhood in New York, before moving to Los Angeles in the 1980s. In the 1990s, O'Connor co-founded the rap group House of Pain, with fellow rapper Erik Schrody (Everlast) and DJ Leor Dimant. Based on their cultural heritage they fashioned themselves as rowdy Irish-American hooligans. O'Connor played the role of art director, designing logos, branding, hype man, and co-rapper. In 1992, with the singles "Jump Around" and "Shamrocks and Shenanigans", their self-titled debut album, also known as Fine Malt Lyrics, went platinum.

<i>The Outsiders</i> (film) 1983 film directed by Francis Ford Coppola

The Outsiders is a 1983 American coming-of-age crime drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola. The film is an adaptation of the 1967 novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton and was released on March 25, 1983, in the United States. Jo Ellen Misakian, a librarian at Lone Star Elementary School in Fresno, California, and her students were responsible for inspiring Coppola to make the film.

<i>Tex</i> (novel) 1979 novel by S. E. Hinton

Tex is a novel by S. E. Hinton, published in 1979. The book takes place in the same universe as Hinton's first book The Outsiders, but in a rural town called Garyville, Oklahoma, a fictional suburb of Tulsa.

The Outsiders is an American drama television series that aired from March 25 to July 22, 1990 on Fox. Based on the characters from the 1967 novel of the same title by S. E. Hinton, the series' executive producer was the 1983 film's director Francis Ford Coppola.

<i>Xanadu</i> (musical) American musical comedy

Xanadu is a musical comedy with a book by Douglas Carter Beane and music and lyrics by Jeff Lynne and John Farrar, based on the 1980 film of the same name, which was, in turn, inspired by the 1947 Rita Hayworth film Down to Earth. The title refers to Xanadu, the site of the Mongolian emperor Kublai Khan's summer palace.

<i>Rumble Fish</i> (novel) 1975 novel by S. E. Hinton

Rumble Fish is a 1975 novel for young adults by S. E. Hinton, author of The Outsiders. It was adapted to film and directed by Francis Ford Coppola in 1983.

<i>The Outsider</i> (2002 film) 2002 film

The Outsider is a 2002 Western television film starring Tim Daly and Naomi Watts. The film is based on Penelope Williamson's novel. It was first aired on Showtime on November 10, 2002.

<i>Something Rotten!</i> Musical that premiered on Broadway in 2015

Something Rotten! is a musical comedy with a book by John O'Farrell and Karey Kirkpatrick and music and lyrics by Karey and Wayne Kirkpatrick. Set in 1595, the story follows the Bottom brothers, Nick and Nigel, who struggle to find success in the theatrical world as they compete with the wild popularity of their contemporary William Shakespeare.

<i>SpongeBob SquarePants</i> (musical) Stage musical, co-conceived and directed by Tina Landau

SpongeBob SquarePants: The Broadway Musical is a stage musical, co-conceived and directed by Tina Landau with songs by various artists and a book by Kyle Jarrow. It is based on the Nickelodeon animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants and made its world premiere in June 2016 at the Oriental Theatre in Chicago. Following a month of previews, the musical opened on Broadway at the Palace Theatre in December 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Outsiders House Museum</span> Film set museum in Tulsa, Oklahoma

The Outsiders House Museum is a museum in Tulsa, Oklahoma, about Francis Ford Coppola's coming-of-age movie,The Outsiders (1983), and the 1967 novel by the same name it adapts by S. E. Hinton. It aims to preserve the house which served as the primary film set for the Curtis Brothers. The museum was created by hip-hop artist Danny Boy O'Connor, who is a long-time fan of The Outsiders.

<i>Escape to Margaritaville</i> 2018 musical featuring the music of Jimmy Buffett

Escape to Margaritaville is a 2017 American jukebox musical by Greg Garcia and Mike O'Malley, based on the songs of Jimmy Buffett. The plot revolves around a part-time bartender and singer who falls for a career-minded tourist. The show's music consists of songs previously recorded by Buffett, and written by him and various other songwriters, with one exception, the original song "Three Chords".

<i>Diana</i> (musical) 2019 musical

Diana is a musical with music and lyrics by David Bryan and Joe DiPietro, and a book by DiPietro, based on the life of Diana, Princess of Wales. A filmed performance was added to the streaming service Netflix on October 1, 2021, to negative reviews.

References

  1. ↑ Evans, Greg (2023-08-21). "'The Outsiders' Musical Sets Broadway Opening For Spring 2024". Deadline. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  2. ↑ "The Outsiders – Broadway Musical – Original | IBDB". www.ibdb.com.
  3. ↑ Peck, Dale (September 23, 2007). "'The Outsiders': 40 Years Later". The New York Times . Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  4. ↑ "S.E. Hinton's The Outsiders by Sergel (Full-length Play)". www.dramaticpublishing.com. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  5. ↑ Krischer, Hayley (March 12, 2017). "Why 'The Outsiders' Lives On: A Teenage Novel Turns 50". The New York Times . Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  6. ↑ Evans, Greg (April 30, 2024). "Tony Award Nominations: 'Hell's Kitchen', 'Stereophonic' Lead With 13".
  7. ↑ "New Musical Version of S.E. Hinton's The Outsiders Set for 2020 - TheaterMania.com". 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  8. ↑ "The Outsiders at Unknown Venue 2022". www.abouttheartists.com. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  9. ↑ "The Outsiders". La Jolla Playhouse. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  10. ↑ Gans, Andrew (January 5, 2023). "Cast Complete for La Jolla Playhouse World Premiere of The Outsiders Musical". Playbill.
  11. ↑ "The Outsiders". Playbill.
  12. ↑ Rubin, Rebecca (2023-08-21). "'The Outsiders' Musical to Open on Broadway With Angelina Jolie as Producer". Variety. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  13. ↑ Ryzik, Melena (February 22, 2024). "On the Road With 'The Outsiders,' Where the Greasers and Socs Rumbled". The New York Times . Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  14. ↑ Cristi, A. A. "Review Roundup: THE OUTSIDERS Opens On Broadway". BroadwayWorld.com.
  15. ↑ "The Outsiders". La Jolla Playhouse. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  16. ↑ "Broadway.com". Broadway.com. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  17. ↑ "The Outsiders (Broadway, Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre, 2024) | Playbill".
  18. ↑ Rosky, Nicole. "2024 Drama Desk Awards Nominations- The Full List!". BroadwayWorld.com. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.