| Tingena hoplodesma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Male holotype | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Oecophoridae |
| Genus: | Tingena |
| Species: | T. hoplodesma |
| Binomial name | |
| Tingena hoplodesma | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Tingena hoplodesma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. [2] It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the North and South Islands. T. hoplodesma prefers native beech forest habitat and adults are on the wing from January to March.
This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1883 using specimens collected at South Rakaia in March by W. H. Gaze. [3] Meyrick originally named the species Oecophora hoplodesma. [3] Meyrick went on to give a fuller description of the species in 1884. [4] In 1915 Meyrick placed this species within the Borkhausenia genus. [5] In 1926 Alfred Philpott studied the genitalia of the male of this species. [6] [2] In that publication Philpott also synonymised Borkhausenia thranias with Borkhausenia hoplodesma. [6] George Hudson discussed this species under the name Borkhausenia hoplodesma in his 1928 publication The butterflies and moths of New Zealand. [7] In 1988 J. S. Dugdale placed this species in the genus Tingena. [2] The male holotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London. [2]
Meyrick originally described this species as follows:
Fore wings narrow, pale yellow, anterior half of costa, three oblique fasciae and a hind marginal streak grey ; hind wings grey. [3]
Meyrick went on to describe the species in more detail as follows:
Male. — 12+1⁄2 mm. Head and palpi light yellow. Antennae dark fuscous. Thorax light yellow, mixed with fuscous grey. Abdomen whitish-grey. Legs dark grey, hairs of posterior tibiae and apex of all tarsal joints whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa moderately arched, apex round-pointed, hindmargin extremely obliquely rounded ; light yellow, somewhat deeper in disc ; markings very pale whitish-grey, closely irrorated with dark grey scales ; a streak along anterior half of costa ; a cloudy spot on inner margin near base ; a narrow oblique transverse fascia from 1⁄4 of costa to before middle of inner margin, and a second from middle of costa to 3⁄4 of inner margin, both slightly interrupted below middle ; a third, less oblique, from 3⁄4 of costa to anal angle, obscurely connected with second near inner margin ; an irregular streak along hindmargin : cilia light yellow, with numerous lines of grey points. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-grey, base slightly darker. [4]
The grey bands of this species are variable, with some specimens having indistinct bands or them even being absent or sometimes replaced with grey speckling. [7]
This species is endemic to New Zealand and has occurred in Whangārei, Kapiti Island, Nelson, Rakaia, Prices Valley, Canterbury, Dunedin and Lake Wakatipu. [1] [8] [9]
The adults of this species are on the wing between January and March. [7]
Tingena anaema is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected at Lake Wakatipu, Invercargill and Stewart Island / Rakiura. The adults of the species are on the wing in December.
Tingena apanthes is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and found in the North Island. The adults are on the wing from October to December. It appears associated with Leptospermum species and it has been hypothesised that the appearance of the adults of this species imitates faded Leptospermum leaves.
Tingena aphrontis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected at altitudes between 3000 - 5000 ft at Arthur's Pass and Mount Arthur. The species lives in open alpine habitat amongst alpine vegetation. Adults of the species are on the wing in January.
Tingena chloritis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the South Island. Larvae of this species feed on leaf litter. The adults of this species are light flyers and are attracted to light.
Tingena chrysogramma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North and South Islands. The adults of this species inhabits open scrubland and are on the wing in January and February. It has been collected via light traps and beating shrubs. During sunny days this species has been observed resting on leaves and rarely flies. It is regarded as a rare species and has a possible association with Prumnopitys ferruginea.
Tingena crotala is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found both in the North and South Islands. This species inhabits native forest and is on the wing in November and December.
Tingena epimylia is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and the South Islands. This species is similar in appearance to Tingena contextella as it too has a mottled appearance, but T. epimylia can be distinguished as it is smaller in size, slightly narrower wings, and has a more grey appearance and a grey head. This species inhabits native beech forests at altitudes between 1500 and 2000 ft and in particular has an affinity for Nothofagus solandri.
Tingena hemimochla is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island. Adults of this species are on the wing from December until March.
Tingena homodoxa is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the southern parts of the South Island. It inhabits open grassy slopes and is on the wing from November until January.
Tingena horaea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and have been observed in both the North and South Islands. The adults are on the wing in January.
Tingena letharga is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Otago. Adults are on the wing in December and January.
Tingena macarella is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found on both the North and South Islands. Adults of this species are on the wing from November until February. This species is attracted to light and the larvae are litter feeders.
Tingena maranta is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the lower South Island. Adults of this species are on the wing from October until January. This species perfers grass or low herb habitat. Unlike its close relatives it does not inhabit native forest.
Tingena oporaea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Canterbury. The perferred habitat of this species is native beech forest at altitudes of 2500 ft however it has also been collected in tussock grassland. The larvae of this species are leaf litter feeders and the adults are on the wing in January and February.
Tingena oxyina is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the Otago region. This species inhabits native beech forest at altitudes of between 1000 - 3000 ft. Adults of this species are on the wing in January.
Tingena perichlora is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the southern parts of the South Island. This species appears to inhabit manuka scrub. Adults of this species are on the wing from October to January.
Tingena phegophylla is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the southern parts of the South Island. This species inhabits native beech forest. The adults of this species are on the wing in December.
Tingena siderodeta is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. This species prefers to inhabit native forest and scrubland but has also been found to be common in cultivated landscapes. The larvae are litter feeders and have been observed in Kanuka and Manuka forest. The adult moths are on the wing from October to February and are day flying but have also been trapped at night.
Tingena siderota is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed at Mount Arthur, Arthur's Pass and in the Hawkes Bay. The adults of this species are on the wing in January and are said to be abundant on the flowers of species in the genus Aciphylla.
Tingena thalerodes is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found at Arthur's Pass. This species inhabits rough herbage on mountain sides. Adults are on the wing in December and January.
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