Tonkin black crested gibbon

Last updated

Tonkin black crested gibbon
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Hylobatidae
Genus: Nomascus
Species:
Subspecies:
N. c. concolor
Trinomial name
Nomascus concolor concolor
(Harlan, 1826)
Synonyms [2]
List
  • ? furvogaster Ma & Wang, 1986
  • ? jingdongensis Ma & Wang, 1986
  • Hylobates concolor subsp. concolor
  • Hylobates concolor subsp. furvogaster (Ma & Wang, 1986)
  • Hylobates concolor subsp. jingdongensis (Ma & Wang, 1986)
  • Nomascus concolor subsp. furvogaster (Ma & Y.Wang, 1986)
  • Nomascus concolor subsp. jingdongensis (Ma & Y.Wang, 1986)

The Tonkin black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor concolor) is a critically endangered subspecies of the black crested gibbon found in Yunnan and Vietnam.

Contents

Distribution

Geographic range

The Tonkin black crested gibbon is found occurs in central and southwestern Yunnan (China) and in northern Vietnam, precisely in Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Son La and Lai Châu provinces. [3]

Habitat

The Tonkin black-crested gibbon lives in forests at altitudes of between 1,800 and 2,500 m (5,900 and 8,200 ft). [4] [1]

Behavior

Social structure

The Tonkin black-crested gibbon lives in groups. [1] [5] [6]

Feeding

The Tonkin black-crested gibbon feeds mainly on leaves, fruits, figs and flowers. [1] [4] [7]

Conservation

Status

As of November 2015, the Tonkin black crested gibbon is critically endangered. [1]

Threats

The Tonkin black-crested gibbon is threatened by the destructive use of local forests, hunting, selective logging and the encroachment of agriculture on its environment. [1] [3] [5] [8]

Conservation actions

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gibbon</span> Family of apes

Gibbons are apes in the family Hylobatidae. The family historically contained one genus, but now is split into four extant genera and 20 species. Gibbons live in subtropical and tropical forests from eastern Bangladesh to Northeast India to southern China and Indonesia.

<i>Nomascus</i> Genus of apes

Nomascus is the second-most speciose genus of the gibbon family, Hylobatidae. Originally, this genus was a subgenus of Hylobates, with all individuals considered to be one species, H. concolor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-fronted titi monkey</span> Species of mammal

The black-fronted titi monkey is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black crested gibbon</span> Species of ape

The black crested gibbon is a Critically Endangered species of gibbon found in China, Laos, and northern Vietnam, with four subspecies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern black crested gibbon</span> Species of Old World ape

The eastern black crested gibbon, also called Cao-vit black crested gibbon or the Cao-vit crested gibbon, is a Critically Endangered species of gibbon from southeast China and northern Vietnam. The term "Cao-vit" originated from the sounds of their calls or songs that villagers of Ngoc Khe, Phong Nam and Ngoc Con communes of Trung Khanh District, Cao Bang Province of Vietnam use to name for them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-cheeked gibbon</span> Species of Old World monkey

The yellow-cheeked gibbon, also called the golden-cheeked gibbon, the yellow-cheeked crested gibbon, the golden-cheeked crested gibbon, the red-cheeked gibbon, or the buffed-cheeked gibbon, is a species of gibbon native to Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. The species was discovered and named after the British naturalist Gabrielle Maud Vassal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern white-cheeked gibbon</span> Species of Old World monkey

The northern white-cheeked gibbon is a Critically Endangered species of gibbon native to South East Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hainan hare</span> Species of mammal

The Hainan hare is a hare endemic to Hainan Island, China. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1870.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wildlife of Laos</span>

The wildlife of Laos encompasses the animals and plants found in the Lao People's Democratic Republic, a landlocked country in southeastern Asia. Part of the country is mountainous and much of it is still clad in tropical broadleaf forest. It has a great variety of animal and plant species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern pig-tailed macaque</span> Species of Old World monkey

The northern pig-tailed macaque is a vulnerable species of macaque in the subfamily Cercopithecidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Traditionally, M. leonina was considered a subspecies of the southern pig-tailed macaque, but is now classified as an individual species. In the 21st century, the pig-tailed macaque was split into the northern pig-tailed macaque species Macaca leonina and the Sundaland pig-tailed macaque species M. nemestrina. This reclassification was aided by the observation of sexual swellings and basic attributes that distinguish the two. The northern pig-tailed macaque is frugivorous and their social grouping is matriarchal, where sexual dimorphic traits can distinguish males and females. Their adaptation to omnivorous diets occur in periods of fruit scarcity, munching on wild vegetation and crops, human foods, and small insects and mammals. Despite their adaptability, northern-pig tailed macaques experience viral threats such as the human immunodeficiency virus type 1, pathogenic simian immunodeficiency, and coronavirus. Human impacts are also present, such as agricultural expansions, aquaculture, transportation infrastructure, hunting and logging for meat and trophies, and the illegal pet trade; that result in habitat loss, forest fragmentation, and a reduced well-being.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey</span> Species of Old World monkey

The black-and-white snub-nosed monkey, also known as the Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, is a large black and white primate that lives only in the southern Chinese province of Yunnan, where it is known to the locals as the Yunnan golden hair monkey and the black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (黑白仰鼻猴). The common name, black snub-nosed monkey, is issued to Rhinopithecus strykeri, inhabiting the Northern Sino-Myanmar border. Coniferous and deciduous forests in the mountainous regions of Yunnan are the ideal terrain for these primates. It is threatened by habitat loss, and is considered an endangered species. With their unique adaptations to their environment, these monkeys thrive at extreme altitudes despite the below freezing temperatures and thin air. This primate's diet is mainly made up of the large amounts of lichens available in their region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western hoolock gibbon</span> Species of ape

The western hoolock gibbon is a primate from the gibbon family, Hylobatidae. The species is found in Assam, Mizoram, and Meghalaya in India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar west of the Chindwin River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hainan black crested gibbon</span> Species of Old World ape

The Hainan black-crested gibbon, also called the Hainan gibbon, is a Critically Endangered species of gibbon found only on Hainan Island, in the Pacific Ocean.

<i>Ficus neriifolia</i> Species of fig tree from Asia

Ficus neriifolia is a species of fig (Ficus). It is native to Asia, including Bhutan, Burma, China, India, and Nepal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern white-cheeked gibbon</span> Species of Old World monkey

The southern white-cheeked gibbon is a species of gibbon native to Vietnam and Laos. It is closely related to the northern white-cheeked gibbon and the yellow-cheeked gibbon ; it has previously been identified as a subspecies of each of these.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Myanmar snub-nosed monkey</span> Species of Old World monkey

The Myanmar snub-nosed monkey or Burmese snub-nosed monkey or black snub-nosed monkey is a critically endangered species of colobine monkey discovered in 2010 in northern Burma (Myanmar). It was formally described as a novel species of primate in 2011 based on its fur, beard and tail. Two groups of the species were discovered in China in 2011 and 2015, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kadoorie Conservation China</span> Department under Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden

Kadoorie Conservation China (KCC) is a department under Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, which aims to minimize the loss of biodiversity and promote sustainability in China.

The Hainan Bawangling National Nature Reserve is a nature reserve in Changjiang County, western Hainan, China. It is home to the Hainan black crested gibbon, which is on the verge of extinction, and Hainan partridge. The total area of the reserve is 8,444.3 hectares.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pengfei, F.; Nguyen, M.H.; Roos, C.; Rawson, B.M. (2020). "Nomascus concolor ssp. concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T160304839A17991381. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T160304839A17991381.en . Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  2. "Nomascus concolor subsp. concolor". Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 2024-09-03.
  3. 1 2 Geissmann, T., Dang, N.X., Lormée, N. and Momberg, F. 2000. Vietnam primate conservation status review 2000 - Part 1: Gibbons. Fauna and Flora International, Indochina Programme, Hanoi. 130 pp. ISBN   1-903703-03-4
  4. 1 2 Peng-Fei, Fan; Xue-Long, Jiang; Chang-Cheng, Tian (April 2009). "The Critically Endangered black crested gibbon Nomascus concolor on Wuliang Mountain, Yunnan, China: the role of forest types in the species' conservation". Oryx. 43 (2): 203. doi:10.1017/s0030605308001907. ISSN   0030-6053.
  5. 1 2 Jiang, Xuelong; Luo, Zhonghua; Zhao, Shiyuan; Li, Rongzhong; Liu, Changming (2006-02-28). "Status and distribution pattern of black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor jingdongensis) in Wuliang Mountains, Yunnan, China: implication for conservation". Primates. 47 (3): 264–271. doi:10.1007/s10329-005-0175-3. ISSN   0032-8332. PMID   16505943.
  6. Fan, Peng-Fei; Jiang, Xue-Long (2009-09-19). "Maintenance of Multifemale Social Organization in a Group of Nomascus concolor at Wuliang Mountain, Yunnan, China". International Journal of Primatology. 31 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s10764-009-9375-9. ISSN   0164-0291.
  7. Fan, Pengfei; Ni, Qingyong; Sun, Guozheng; Huang, Bei; Jiang, Xuelong (2008-11-21). "Gibbons under seasonal stress: the diet of the black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor) on Mt. Wuliang, Central Yunnan, China". Primates. 50 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1007/s10329-008-0114-1. ISSN   0032-8332. PMID   19020947.
  8. Wei, Wu; Wang, Xiaoming; Claro, Francoise; Ding, Youzhong; Souris, Anne-Camille; Wang, Chundong; Wang, Changhe; Berzins, Rachel (October 2004). "The current status of the Hainan black-crested gibbon Nomascus sp. cf. nasutus hainanus in Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China". Oryx. 38 (4): 452–456. doi:10.1017/s0030605304000845. ISSN   0030-6053.