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Cornwall is a ceremonial county in South West England, bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by Devon, the River Tamar forming the border between them. Cornwall is the westernmost part of the South West Peninsula of the island of Great Britain. The southwesternmost point is Land's End and the southernmost Lizard Point. Cornwall has a population of 568,210 and an area of 3,563 km2 (1,376 sq mi). The county has been administered since 2009 by the unitary authority, Cornwall Council. The ceremonial county of Cornwall also includes the Isles of Scilly, which are administered separately. The administrative centre of Cornwall is Truro, its only city.
Truro is a city and civil parish in Cornwall, England. It is Cornwall's county town and only city and centre for administration, leisure and retail. Its population was recorded as 18,766 in the 2011 census. People from Truro are known as Truronians. As mainland Britain's southernmost city, Truro grew as a centre of trade from its port and then as a stannary town for the tin-mining industry. Its cathedral was completed in 1910. Places of interest include the Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro Cathedral, the Hall for Cornwall, and Cornwall's Courts of Justice.
Cornwall is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,420 at the 2010 census.
The West Country is a loosely defined area of south-western England. The term usually encompasses the historic counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, and Somerset, and is often extended to include Wiltshire and Gloucestershire, in the South West region. Some definitions also include Herefordshire. The West Country is host to distinctive regional English dialects and accents as well as to the Cornish language.
Penzance is a town, civil parish and port in Cornwall, in England, United Kingdom. It is the most westerly major town in Cornwall and is about 64 miles (103 km) west-southwest of Plymouth and 255 miles (410 km) west-southwest of London. Situated in the shelter of Mount's Bay, the town faces south-east onto the English Channel, is bordered to the west by the fishing port of Newlyn, to the north by the civil parish of Madron and to the east by the civil parish of Ludgvan. The civil parish includes the town of Newlyn and the villages of Mousehole, Paul, Gulval, and Heamoor. Granted various royal charters from 1512 onwards and incorporated on 9 May 1614, it has a population of 21,200.
The Duchy of Cornwall is one of two royal duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Lancaster. The eldest son of the reigning British monarch inherits possession of the duchy and title of Duke of Cornwall at birth or when his parent succeeds to the throne, but may not sell assets for personal benefit and has limited rights and income as a minor.
The history of Cornwall goes back to the Paleolithic, but in this period Cornwall only had sporadic visits by groups of humans. Continuous occupation started around 10,000 years ago after the end of the last ice age. When recorded history started in the first century BCE, the spoken language was Common Brittonic, and that would develop into Southwestern Brittonic and then the Cornish language. Cornwall was part of the territory of the tribe of the Dumnonii that included modern-day Devon and parts of Somerset. After a period of Roman rule, Cornwall reverted to rule by independent Romano-British leaders and continued to have a close relationship with Brittany and Wales as well as southern Ireland, which neighboured across the Celtic Sea. After the collapse of Dumnonia, the remaining territory of Cornwall came into conflict with neighbouring Wessex.
Cornwall is an administrative county of England. The constitutional basis for the administration of Cornwall as part of England is disputed as Duchy Charters of 1337 place the governance of Cornwall with the Duchy of Cornwall rather than the English Crown.
South West is a combined constituency region of the European Parliament, comprising the South West of England and Gibraltar. Six Members of the European Parliament using closed party-list proportional representation allocated using the D'Hondt method of distribution are elected.
The economy of Cornwall in South West England, is largely dependent upon agriculture followed by tourism. Cornwall is one of the poorest areas in the United Kingdom with a GVA of 70.9% of the national average in 2015. and is one of four UK areas that qualifies for poverty-related grants from the EU. Farming and food processing contributed £366 million to the county, equal to 5.3% of Cornwall’s total GVA. The agricultural/food industry in Cornwall employs 9,500 people, 23,700 are employed in the food industry in Cornwall The Cornish economy also depends heavily on its successful tourist industry which contributes 24% of Cornwall's GDP and supports about 1 in 5 jobs. Tourism contributed £1.85 billion to the Cornish economy in 2011.
Cornish nationalism is a cultural, political and social movement that seeks the recognition of Cornwall – the south-westernmost part of the island of Great Britain – as a nation distinct from England. It is usually based on three general arguments:
Tribute Cornwall/Devon League is an English level eight, rugby union league for clubs principally based in Cornwall and Devon. The champions and runner-up are promoted to Tribute Western Counties West. The number of teams relegated depends on feedback following promotion and relegation in the leagues above, but is usually two or three to Tribute Cornwall One and/or Tribute Devon One.
Cornwall 1, known as Tribute Cornwall 1 for sponsorship reasons, is an English level nine rugby union league for clubs based in Cornwall. It has been running continually since 1987–88. The champions are promoted to the Tribute Cornwall/Devon league, and the runner-up plays the second team in Tribute Devon 1, with the winning team gaining promotion. One or two teams are usually relegated to Tribute Cornwall 2. Saltash are the most successful team having won the league on five occasions and have been runner-up three times; they currently play in Tribute Cornwall/Devon.
Tribute Cornwall 2 is an English level ten rugby union league for clubs based in Cornwall. The champions are promoted to Tribute Cornwall 1; there is no relegation. The league had run continuously since 1987–88, except for a two-season break, when Cornwall 2 was combined with Cornwall League 1 for seasons 2009–10 and 2010–11. The competition recommenced in 2011–12 when it was decided to form two leagues of seven teams each. Lankelly-Fowey won the second phase and have won Cornwall 2 for the first time. St Agnes and Helston are the most successful team having won the league on five occasions each.
Tribute Devon 1, as the league is known for sponsorship reasons, is an English level nine, rugby union league for clubs based in Devon. The champions are promoted to Tribute Cornwall/Devon and the runner-up, plays the second team from Tribute Cornwall 1, with the winning team gaining promotion. Up until the end of the 2017-18 season, teams were relegated to Tribute Devon 2 but since that league has been abolished there is currently no relegation.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Cornwall: Cornwall – ceremonial county and unitary authority area of England within the United Kingdom. Cornwall is a peninsula bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall is also a royal duchy of the United Kingdom. It has an estimated population of half a million and it has its own distinctive history and culture.
Presented below is an alphabetical index of articles related to Cornwall:
The Rugby Football Union South West Division is a rugby union governing body for South West England and is part of the Rugby Football Union.
References
- ↑ Ordnance Survey One-inch Map of Great Britain; Bodmin and Launceston, sheet 186. 1961
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