Trichogaster fasciata

Last updated

Trichogaster fasciata
Colisa fasciata Day.png
Illustration by Francis Day
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Anabantiformes
Family: Osphronemidae
Genus: Trichogaster
Species:
T. fasciata
Binomial name
Trichogaster fasciata
Trichogaster fasciata Map.jpg
Red: extant , Light red: possibly extant
Synonyms [2]
  • Colisa fasciata(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Colisa fasciatus(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Polyacanthus fasciatus(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Trichopodus colisa Hamilton, 1822
  • Trichopodus bejeusHamilton, 1822
  • Trichopodus cotraHamilton, 1822
  • Colisa vulgaris Cuvier, 1831
  • Colisa ponticeriana Valenciennes, 1831

Trichogaster fasciata, the banded gourami or striped gourami or Colisa or Kholshe , is a tropical labyrinth perch found in some Asian countries like Bangladesh, Eastern India, Northeastern India, Nepal, Upper Myanmar, China and Pakistan. [3]

Contents

It is also called giant gourami and for this reason it is often being confused with the Osphronemus goramy which has the same common name. [4]

Characteristics

Trichogaster fasciata is an air-breathing fish, so that the aerial respiration is performed with the help of a pair of supra-branchial chambers, each containing a complicated labyrinthine organ. Body is elongated and compressed. Mouth is small and slightly protrusible. Preorbital serrate is found in young fish. Body color is greenish with oblique orange or bluish bars descending downwards and backwards from the back to the anal fin. [5] It is benthopelagic and prefers weedy environments [6] such as estuaries, ponds, large rivers, ditches, lakes [1] [7] and rice fields. [1] The species has drawn attention for its scrumptious taste, contribution to nutrition and its ornamental value as an aquarium fish. [8] It is somewhat shy but quite hardy, and easily adapts to life in community aquarium. It is also easy to breed in captivity. Banded gourami is being exported to Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and USA due to their distinctive color. [9] In the past, the species was readily available in freshwater pools, ponds, ditches, marshes, rivers, lakes with vegetation, but the natural resources of this fish are declining fast due to various anthropogenic stressors. [10]

Feeding habit

The mouth of this species is bordered by thick lips, the upper being protrudable and more pronounced in the male. Small and feeble teeth are present in the mouth and buccal cavity. The intestine is long and coiled. [5] The fish is omnivorous in nature, so they can feed on live, frozen and flake feeds. [8]

Sexual dimorphism

Males are much more colourful than females, and develop pointed dorsal and anal fins when they are mature. [11]

Reproduction

The total life span of this species is approximately 4 years. Banded gourami has three distinctive life stages: pre-spawning (January–March), spawning (April–August) and post-spawning (September–December). They become sexually mature at 1 year of age with the total length of male and female reached approximately at 10 cm and 6–8 cm, respectively. Generally males are slightly larger in size than their females. [5] Male and female broods are distinguished by examining the gonads and based on the external morphological features: the upper lip of the male is more pronounced and the dorsal ventral fins are more pointed at the posterior end than those of the female. Like other Anabantoids, this species is a bubble nest builder and the fertilization is external. [12]

Relationship with humans

Before being introduced into the aquarium trade, the dwarf, along with the snakeskin gourami was and still is a popular food fish in its native range. [13] In Bangladesh it is known as "Kholisha" and "Khosti" in India and "Kungee" in Punjab as well as different linguistic variants within its range.

Taxonomy

Trichogaster fasciata was formally described in 1801 by Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider with the type locality given as Tranquebar, a Danish trading post in India. [14] It is the type species of the genus Trichogaster . [15]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panga</span> Species of fish

The panga, or panga seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Pterogymnus. This species is endemic to the coasts of South Africa. The panga is an important species in commercial line fisheries off South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black sea bass</span> Species of fish

The black sea bass is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a sea bass from the subfamily Serraninae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the groupers and anthias. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean, where it is an important species for commercial and recreational fisheries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gourami</span> Family of fishes

Gouramis, or gouramies, are a group of freshwater anabantiform fish that comprise the family Osphronemidae. The fish are native to Asia—from the Indian Subcontinent to Southeast Asia and northeasterly towards Korea. The name "gourami", of Indonesian origin, is also used for fish of the families Helostomatidae and Anabantidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dwarf gourami</span> Species of fish

The dwarf gourami is a species of gourami native to South Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Croaking gourami</span> Species of fish

The croaking gourami is a species of small freshwater labyrinth fish of the gourami family. They are native to still waters in Southeast Asia and are distributed worldwide via the aquarium trade. Croaking gouramis are capable of producing a "croaking" noise using their pectoral fins.

<i>Trichogaster</i> Genus of fishes

Trichogaster is a genus of gouramis native to South Asia from Pakistan to Myanmar. It is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily Trichogastrinae as set out in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World, although that book states that there are two genera, the other being Colisa which is treated as a synonym of Trichogaster by Fishbase and the Catalog of Fishes. Fishbase also places the genus in the Luciocephalinae. Species of this genus are very popular in the aquarium trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cabezon (fish)</span> Species of fish

The cabezon is a large species of sculpin native to the Pacific coast of North America. Although the genus name translates literally as "scorpion fish", true scorpionfish belong to the related family Scorpaenidae. The cabezon is the only known member of its genus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rock beauty</span> Species of fish

The rock beauty, also known as corn sugar, coshubba, rock beasty, catalineta, and yellow nanny, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thick-lipped gourami</span> Species of fish

The thick-lipped gourami is a species of gourami native to Southeast Asia, and is a popular aquarium fish.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Snakeskin gourami</span> Species of fish

The snakeskin gourami is a species of gourami native to Southeast Asia. Prior to the merging of Belontidae to the family Osphronemidae, the snakeskin gourami was regarded as the largest member of its family. It is still the largest species in its genus and subfamily.

<i>Trichopodus</i> Genus of fishes

Trichopodus is a genus of tropical freshwater labyrinth fish of the gourami family found in Southeast Asia. Gouramis of the genus Trichopodus are closely related to those of Trichogaster ; species of both genera have long, thread-like pelvic fins used to sense the environment. However, Trichopodus species have shorter dorsal fin base and, when sexually mature, are much larger, with the largest, the snakeskin gourami, capable of reaching a length of over 8 in (20 cm).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sailfin grouper</span> Species of fish

The sailfin grouper, also known as the bacalao grouper, colorado grouper or yellow grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found off islands in the eastern Pacific.

<i>Pterois antennata</i> Species of fish

Pterois antennata, the spotfin lionfish, banded lionfish, broadbarred lionfish, broadbarred firefish, raggedfinned firefish, raggedfinned scorpionfish or roughscaled lionfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and lionfishes. It is found in the tropical Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peacock gudgeon</span> Species of fish

The peacock gudgeon or peacock goby is a tropical freshwater species of fish in the family Eleotridae that is endemic to the eastern part of Papua New Guinea. It can be found in schools hovering over the substrate in rivers and ponds. This species can reach a length of 7.5 cm (3.0 in). It is currently the only known member of its genus.

<i>Synanceia horrida</i> Species of fish

Synanceia horrida, the estuarine stonefish, hollow-cheek stonefish, horrid stonefish, rough stonefish or true stonefish, is a species of venomous, marine ray-finned fish, a stonefish belonging to the subfamily Synanceiinae which is classified as being within the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. It is a benthic fish which is found in the Indo-Pacific region. This species is considered to be one of the most dangerous venomous fish in the world. It is a popular exhibit in public aquaria and is found in the private aquarium trade.

<i>Indostomus</i> Genus of fishes

Indostomus is a genus of small fishes native to slow moving or stagnant freshwater habitats in Indochina. It is the sole genus of the monogeneric family Indostomidae, Long considered to be sticklebacks, within the order Gasterosteiformes, modern analyses place the Indostomids within the order Synbranchiformes, related to the spiny eels and swamp eels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anabantiformes</span> Order of fishes

The Anabantiformes, is an order of bony fish (Teleostei) proposed in 2009. They are collectively known as labyrinth fish, are an order of air-breathing freshwater ray-finned fish with two suborders, five families and at least 207 species. In addition, some authorities expand the order to include the suborder Nandoidei, which includes three families - the Nandidae, Badidae and Pristolepididae - that appear to be closely related to the Anabantiformes. The order, and these three related families, are part of a monophyletic clade which is a sister clade to the Ovalentaria, the other orders in the clade being Synbranchiformes, Carangiformes, Istiophoriformes and Pleuronectiformes. This clade is sometimes referred to as the Carangaria but is left unnamed and unranked in Fishes of the World. This group of fish are found in Asia and Africa, with some species introduced in United States of America.

<i>Anthias anthias</i> Species of fish

Anthias anthias, the swallowtail sea perch or marine goldfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the grouper and sea bass family Serranidae. It is native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea where it is associated with reefs. It is found in the aquarium trade.

<i>Pseudocoris heteroptera</i> Species of fish

Pseudocoris heteroptera, the torpedo wrasse or zebra wrasse, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a wrasse from the family Labridae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean where it is associated with reefs.

The radiated shanny is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Stichaeidae, the pricklebacks and shannies. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Ulvaria. This fish is found in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Vishwanath, W. (2010). "Trichogaster fasciata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T166485A6219165. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T166485A6219165.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Tricjogaster fasciata". FishBase . August 2019 version.
  3. ↑ Sumon, K.A. (2017). "Acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos to embryo and larvae of banded gourami Trichogaster fasciata". Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B. 52 (2): 92–98. Bibcode:2017JESHB..52...92S. doi:10.1080/03601234.2016.1239979. PMID   28099091. S2CID   11507639.
  4. ↑ Alderton, David (2019). Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish. UK: Dorling Kindersley Limited. p. 111. ISBN   978-0-2413-6424-6.
  5. 1 2 3 Mitra, K. (2007). "Biology and fishery of banded gourami, Colisa fasciata (Bloch and Schneider 1801) in a floodplain wetland of Ganga river basin". Asian Fisheries Science. 20 (4): 409–423. doi: 10.33997/j.afs.2007.20.4.007 .
  6. ↑ Menon, A.G.K. (1999), Check list - fresh water fishes of India, Zoological Survey of India, p. 366
  7. ↑ Talwar, P.K.; Jhingran, A.G. (1991), Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries, Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema
  8. 1 2 Goodwin, D. (2003). The practical aquarium fish handbook. New York: Sterling Publishing Company.
  9. ↑ Sugunan, V.V. (2002). Ornamental fishes of West Bengal. Kolkata, India: Classic Printers.
  10. ↑ Hossen, M.S. (2014). "Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on gonadal maturation and spawning of striped gourami, Colisa fasciatus". International Aquatic Research. 6 (2): 65. Bibcode:2014InAqR...6...65H. doi: 10.1007/s40071-014-0065-7 .
  11. ↑ Dehadrai, P.V. (1973). "Sexual dimorphism in certain air breathing teleosts". Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India. 5: 1–77.
  12. ↑ Swarup, K. (1972). "Sexual dimorphism in the Giant Gourami, Colisa fasciata (Anabantidae)". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 42: 93–94.
  13. ↑ "food". agrilife24. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  14. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Trichogaster fasciata". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  15. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Trichogaster". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 15 December 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.