Turin Cathedral

Last updated
Turin Cathedral
Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist
Italian: Cattedrale di San Giovanni Battista
Latin: Ecclesia Sancti Johannis Baptista
Duomo di Torino
DuomoTorino.jpg
The cathedral in 2019
Location map Italy Torino.png.jpg
Red pog.svg
Turin Cathedral
Map of Turin
45°04′24″N7°41′08″E / 45.07332°N 7.685435°E / 45.07332; 7.685435
Location Turin
Country Italy
Denomination Roman Catholic Church
Website www.duomoditorino.it
History
StatusCathedral
Consecrated 1505
Relics held Shroud of Turin
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architect(s) Amedeo di Francesco da Settignano (it)
Style Renaissance and Baroque
Years built1468-1470 (bell tower) [1]
1491-1498
Specifications
Number of towers 1
Tower height130 feet (40 m) [2]
Administration
Province Turin
Archdiocese Turin
Clergy
Archbishop Cesare Nosiglia

Turin Cathedral (Italian : Duomo di Torino; Cattedrale di San Giovanni Battista) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Turin, northern Italy. Dedicated to Saint John the Baptist (Italian : San Giovanni Battista). It is the seat of the Archbishops of Turin.

Contents

It was built during 1491–1498, adjacent to a bell tower which had been built in 1470. Designed by Guarino Guarini, the Chapel of the Holy Shroud (the current location of the Shroud of Turin) was added to the structure in 1668–1694.

History

Lombard church

The church lies where the theatre of the ancient Roman city was located. Later, the site was developed with the construction of a complex of original three Christian churches, dedicated to the Holy Saviour, Saint Mary of Dompno (Santa Maria de Dompno) and (the largest one) to St. John the Baptist. According to some sources, the consecration of the main church was carried on by Agilulf, the Lombard King of northern Italy from 591 to 613. [3] In 662, Garibald, Duke of Turin (it) was assassinated in the church by a follower of Godepert, whose murder Garibald is believed to have had a part in.

The first three churches were demolished between 1490 and 1492. The construction of the new cathedral, still dedicated to St. John the Baptist, began in 1491. Amedeo de Francisco di Settignano, also known as Meo del Caprino, designed it and completed the construction in seven years. The pre-existing bell tower, was preserved. Filippo Juvarra modified the tower in the 17th century. Pope Leo X officially confirmed the church as metropolitan see in 1515.

In 1649 Bernardino Quadri prepared a project to enlarge the cathedral, to create a more impressive seat for the Holy Shroud. Quadri had moved from Rome to join the court of Duke Charles Emmanuel II of Savoy in Turin. His design was based on an earlier project by Carlo di Castellamonte: it included building an oval chapel behind the choir. In 1667 Guarino Guarini was invited to complete the project. The construction of the dome took 28 years: it was completed in 1694 under the direction of Marie Jeanne of Savoy, Charles Emmanuel II's widow.

The cathedral is the burial place of Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati (1901–1925), Turin native, avid athlete, and benefactor of the poor, called the "saint for youth of the Third Millennium." He was beatified by John Paul II in 1990.

While the chapel of the Holy Shroud behind the cathedral was undergoing renovation during 2009, the Shroud was kept in a small chapel within the cathedral.

Notable people

Maestro di cappelli

Organists

Ruggier Trofeo [5]

Funerals and burials

As Turin was the capital city of the Kingdom of Piedmon-Sardinia, the cathedral is one of two in which members of the royal family (including the cadet branches) are buried in, the other being the Basilica of Superga in the outskirts of the city. Several royal consorts and princesses are buried here.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siena Cathedral</span> Medieval church in Tuscany, Italy

Siena Cathedral is a medieval church in Siena, Italy, dedicated from its earliest days as a Roman Catholic Marian church, and now dedicated to the Assumption of Mary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Piazza dei Miracoli</span> Historic architectural complex and UNESCO World Heritage site in Pisa, Italy

The Piazza dei Miracoli, formally known as Piazza del Duomo, is a walled 8.87-hectare area located in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy, recognized as an important centre of European medieval art and one of the finest architectural complexes in the world. Considered sacred by the Catholic Church, its owner, the square is dominated by four great religious edifices: the Pisa Cathedral, the Pisa Baptistry, the Campanile, and the Camposanto Monumentale. Partly paved and partly grassed, the Piazza dei Miracoli is also the site of the Ospedale Nuovo di Santo Spirito, which houses the Sinopias Museum and the Cathedral Museum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Filippo Juvarra</span> Italian architect

Filippo Juvarra was an Italian architect, scenographer, engraver and goldsmith. He was active in a late-Baroque architecture style, working primarily in Italy, Spain, and Portugal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shroud of Turin</span> Cloth bearing the alleged image of Jesus

The Shroud of Turin, also known as the Holy Shroud, is a length of linen cloth that bears a faint image of the front and back of a man. It has been venerated for centuries, especially by members of the Catholic Church, as the actual burial shroud used to wrap the body of Jesus of Nazareth after his crucifixion, and upon which Jesus's bodily image is miraculously imprinted. The human image on the shroud can be discerned more clearly in a black and white photographic negative than in its natural sepia color, an effect discovered in 1898 by Secondo Pia, who produced the first photographs of the shroud. This negative image is associated with a popular Catholic devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus. The shroud's authenticity as a holy relic has been disputed even within the Catholic Church, and radiocarbon dating has shown it to be a medieval artifact.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guarino Guarini</span> Italian architect, priest, mathematician and writer (1624–1683)

Camillo Guarino Guarini was an Italian architect of the Piedmontese Baroque, active in Turin as well as Sicily, France, and Portugal. He was a Theatine priest, mathematician, and writer. His work represents the ultimate achievement of Italian Baroque structural engineering, creating in stone what could be attempted today in reinforced concrete.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Palace of Turin</span> Building in Turin, Italy

The Royal Palace of Turin is a historic palace of the House of Savoy in the city of Turin in Northern Italy. It was originally built in the 16th century and was later modernized by Christine Marie of France (1606–1663) in the 17th century, with designs by the Baroque architect Filippo Juvarra. The palace also includes the Palazzo Chiablese and the Chapel of the Holy Shroud, the latter of which was built to house the famous Shroud of Turin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prato Cathedral</span> Roman Catholic cathedral in Prato, Tuscany, Italy

Prato Cathedral, or Cathedral of Saint Stephen, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prato, Tuscany, Central Italy, from 1954 the seat of the Bishop of Prato, having been previously, from 1653, a cathedral in the Diocese of Pistoia and Prato. It is dedicated to Saint Stephen, the first Christian martyr.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernardo Antonio Vittone</span> Italian architect and writer

Bernardo Antonio Vittone was an Italian architect and writer. He was one of the three most important Baroque architects active in the Piedmont region of Northern Italy; the other two were Filippo Juvarra and Guarino Guarini. The youngest of the three, Vittone was the only one who was born in Piedmont. He achieved a synthesis of the spatial inventiveness of Juvarra and the engineering ingenuity of Guarini, particularly in the design of his churches, the buildings for which he is best known.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Padua Cathedral</span> Cathedral in Padua, Italy

Padua Cathedral, or Basilica Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption, is a Catholic church and minor basilica located on the east end of Piazza Duomo, adjacent to the bishop's palace in Padua, Veneto, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duomo of Monza</span> Religious building in Monza, Italy

The Duomo of Monza, often known in English as Monza Cathedral, is the main religious building of Monza, Italy. Unlike most duomos, it is not in fact a cathedral, as Monza has always been part of the Diocese of Milan, but is in the charge of an archpriest who has the right to certain episcopal vestments including the mitre and the ring. The church is also known as the Basilica of San Giovanni Battista from its dedication to John the Baptist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel of the Holy Shroud</span>

The Chapel of the Holy Shroud is a Baroque-style Roman Catholic chapel in Turin in northern Italy, constructed to house the Shroud of Turin, a religious relic believed to be the burial shroud of Jesus of Nazareth. It is located adjacent the Turin Cathedral and connected to the Royal Palace of Turin. The chapel was designed by architect-priest and mathematician Guarino Guarini and built at the end of the 17th century (1668–1694), during the reign of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy, and is considered one of the masterpieces of Baroque architecture. Heavily damaged in a fire in 1997, it underwent a complex 21 year restoration project, and reopened in 2018. The chapel an intricate and self-supporting wooden and marble dome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turin</span> City in Piedmont, Italy

Turin is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po River, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga Hill. The population of the city proper is 847,287 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pavia Cathedral</span>

Pavia Cathedral is a church in Pavia, Italy, the largest in the city and seat of the Diocese of Pavia. The construction was begun in the 15th century on the site of two pre-existing Romanesque, "twin" cathedrals. The cathedral houses the remains of St. Sirus, first Bishop of Pavia, and a thorn purported to be from the Crown of Thorns worn by Christ. The marble facing of the exterior was never completed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vicenza Cathedral</span> UNESCO World Heritage Site in Veneto, Italy

Vicenza Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Vicenza, Veneto, northern Italy. It is the seat of the Bishop of Vicenza, and is dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cesena Cathedral</span> Roman Catholic church in Italy

Cesena Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint John the Baptist in the city of Cesena, Italy. It has been the episcopal seat of the present Diocese of Cesena-Sarsina since 1986, and was previously that of the Diocese of Cesena.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Lorenzo, Turin</span> Church in Turin, Italy

San Lorenzo, also known as the Royal Church of Saint Lawrence, is a Baroque-style church in Turin, adjacent to the Royal Palace of Turin. The present church was designed and built by Guarino Guarini during 1668–1687.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santuario della Consolata</span> Church in Italy

The Santuario della Madonna Consolata is a Marian sanctuary and minor basilica in central Turin, Piedmont, Italy. Colloquially, the sanctuary is known as La Consolata. It is located on the intersection of Via Consolata and Via Carlo Ignazio Giulio. The shrine is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Consolation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collegiate Church of Santa Maria della Scala, Chieri</span> Roman Catholic church in Chieri, Italy

The Collegiate Church of Santa Maria della Scala in Chieri is a late-Gothic Roman Catholic collegiate church, and the principal church or duomo, in the town of Chieri, Province of Turin, region of Piedmont, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Social Institute, Turin</span> Private primary and secondary school

Social Institute, Turin, is a private Catholic primary and secondary school, located in Turin, Italy. The school was established by the Jesuits in 1881, and has over 800 pupils from kindergarten through to secondary school.

References

  1. "Il campanile (The bell tower)". duomoditorino.it.
  2. "Bell tower of the Cathedral". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Turin. Archived from the original on 2016-08-28.
  3. Giuseppe Colli. Storia di Torino, il Punto, Turin, 2002
  4. Anderson, Emily, ed. (1997). The Letters of Mozart and his Family (3rd ed.). Macmillan Reference Ltd. p. 151.
  5. Greene, D.M. (1986). Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. Collins. p. 109. ISBN   978-0-00-434363-1 . Retrieved 2022-07-18.
  6. "Italy bids farewell to Agnelli". BBC. 26 January 2003.
  7. "Ai funerali di Pininfarina: la commozione di Torino". Il Giornale (in Italian). 11 August 2008.