Türi

Türi
Town
Türi
Coordinates: 58°48′34″N25°25′45″E / 58.80944°N 25.42917°E / 58.80944; 25.42917
Country	Estonia
County	Järva County
Municipality	Türi Parish
Town status	1926
Area [1]
• Total	9.79 km2 (3.78 sq mi)
Population  (2024) [2]
• Total	5,186
• Rank	24th
• Density	530/km2 (1,400/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)

Türi is a town in Järva County, Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Türi Parish. ^[3] Due to its spring flower fairs, which have been held since 1977 and are known throughout Estonia, Türi has also been known as the "spring capital" of Estonia since 2000 ^[4] .

It has a railway station on the Tallinn - Viljandi railway line operated by Elron (rail transit).

History

• 1347 Türi first mentioned in historical records by the German language name of Turgel
• 1687 The establishment of the first school
• 1900 Railway traffic (Viljandi–Tallinn, Türi–Paide) opened
• 1917 Türi gains the rights of a market town
• 1924 The first secondary education institution in Türi opened – Türi Horticultural Gymnasium
• 1926 The rights of a town given to Türi
• 1937 Erection of a 197 m-tall (646 ft) radio mast. The mast was blown up by Soviet Union forces in 1941
• 1950 - 1959 Türi - the centre of Türi County.
• 1995 Türi Museum opened.
• 1997 Türi College of the University of Tartu for environmental science studies opened
• 2000 Türi declared the Spring Capital of Estonia by Mart Laar, the prime minister of Estonia
• 2005 Türi became the administrative centre of newly formed Türi Parish.

Demographics

Ethnic Composition 1922-2021

Ethnicity	1922 [5]		1934 [6]		1941 [7]		1959 [8]		1970 [9]		1979 [10]		1989 [10]		2000 [11]		2011 [12]		2021 [13]
	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%
Estonians	2011	95.8	2826	97.3	2819	98.9	4958	88.1	5482	87.4	5989	90.4	6236	90.9	5885	93.1	5125	94.7	4839	94.3
Russians	10	0.48	21	0.72	6	0.21	-	-	385	6.14	397	5.99	316	4.61	229	3.62	137	2.53	122	2.38
Ukrainians	-	-	0	0.00	-	-	-	-	90	1.43	66	1.00	136	1.98	87	1.38	68	1.26	69	1.35
Belarusians	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	18	0.29	14	0.21	11	0.16	6	0.09	4	0.07	5	0.10
Finns	-	-	3	0.10	0	0.00	-	-	69	1.10	68	1.03	73	1.06	57	0.90	31	0.57	30	0.58
Jews	0	0.00	2	0.07	0	0.00	-	-	5	0.08	8	0.12	2	0.03	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00
Latvians	-	-	3	0.10	2	0.07	-	-	7	0.11	8	0.12	4	0.06	5	0.08	5	0.09	12	0.23
Germans	38	1.81	24	0.83	-	-	-	-	-	-	56	0.85	47	0.68	17	0.27	9	0.17	8	0.16
Tatars	-	-	0	0.00	-	-	-	-	-	-	2	0.03	2	0.03	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00
Poles	-	-	4	0.14	7	0.25	-	-	-	-	0	0.00	3	0.04	1	0.02	1	0.02	0	0.00
Lithuanians	-	-	0	0.00	3	0.11	-	-	19	0.30	13	0.20	11	0.16	5	0.08	4	0.07	4	0.08
unknown	4	0.19	15	0.52	2	0.07	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	7	0.11	2	0.04	13	0.25
other	36	1.72	5	0.17	12	0.42	667	11.9	200	3.19	5	0.08	21	0.31	25	0.40	24	0.44	27	0.53
Total	2099	100	2903	100	2851	100	5625	100	6275	100	6626	100	6862	100	6324	100	5410	100	5129	100

Climate

Climate data for Türi (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1925–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	8.8 (47.8)	11.3 (52.3)	18.7 (65.7)	27.0 (80.6)	30.7 (87.3)	33.1 (91.6)	34.3 (93.7)	34.3 (93.7)	28.5 (83.3)	21.0 (69.8)	13.1 (55.6)	11.1 (52.0)	34.3 (93.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−1.6 (29.1)	−1.5 (29.3)	3.1 (37.6)	10.7 (51.3)	17.0 (62.6)	20.6 (69.1)	23.3 (73.9)	21.7 (71.1)	16.3 (61.3)	9.1 (48.4)	3.3 (37.9)	0.2 (32.4)	10.2 (50.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−3.9 (25.0)	−4.5 (23.9)	−0.9 (30.4)	5.2 (41.4)	11.0 (51.8)	15.1 (59.2)	17.8 (64.0)	16.2 (61.2)	11.4 (52.5)	5.7 (42.3)	1.2 (34.2)	−1.9 (28.6)	6.0 (42.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−6.5 (20.3)	−7.4 (18.7)	−4.5 (23.9)	0.4 (32.7)	4.9 (40.8)	9.4 (48.9)	12.3 (54.1)	11.2 (52.2)	7.2 (45.0)	2.6 (36.7)	−1 (30)	−4.1 (24.6)	2.0 (35.6)
Record low °C (°F)	−34.5 (−30.1)	−36.2 (−33.2)	−30.7 (−23.3)	−20.8 (−5.4)	−6.8 (19.8)	−2.6 (27.3)	1.2 (34.2)	−1.7 (28.9)	−6.1 (21.0)	−12.5 (9.5)	−23.1 (−9.6)	−37.6 (−35.7)	−37.6 (−35.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	57 (2.2)	44 (1.7)	38 (1.5)	38 (1.5)	45 (1.8)	79 (3.1)	69 (2.7)	91 (3.6)	62 (2.4)	74 (2.9)	67 (2.6)	62 (2.4)	726 (28.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	12.4	10.2	9.4	8.0	7.6	10.3	9.5	10.9	9.8	12.6	12.1	13.6	126.4
Average relative humidity (%)	90	87	79	71	67	72	75	80	85	89	91	91	81
Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days 1971–2000) [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]

Sights

Türi Church

Türi Church, originally dedicated to St. Martin, is a well-preserved medieval hall church of a form typical for central Estonia. Construction of the church probably started in the late 13th century and the ceiling was completed in the early 14th century. It retains much of its medieval look, including carved stone details such as consoles in the form of human heads. Other noteworthy interior details include the renaissance pulpit, a Baroque retable (by Christian Ackermann) and an altar painting by August Georg Wilhelm Pezold from 1856. ^[20]

Gallery

• 
  Türi church
• 
  Türi in 1910
• 
  Türi railway station
• 
  Türi reservoir
• 
  Türi cultural center
• 
  Türi school
• 
  Türi Kevade School for the disabled

See also

• JK Ganvix Türi

References

1. "Türi linn" (in Estonian). tyri.ee – Türi Municipality's site. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
2. Population by sex, age and place of residence after the 2017 administrative reform, 1 January. Statistics Estonia.
3. Tyri. Eng
4. "Kevadpealinna ajalugu" . Retrieved 26 March 2025.
5. 1922 a. üldrahvalugemise andmed. Vihk V, Järva maakond (tabelid). Eesti riikline statistika (in Estonian and French). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1923. p. 29. hdl:10062/4450.
6. Rahvastiku koostis ja korteriolud. 1.III 1934 rahvaloenduse andmed. Vihk II (in Estonian and French). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1935. pp. 47–53. hdl:10062/4439.
7. Eesti Statistika : kuukiri 1942-03/04 (in German and Estonian). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1942. pp. 66–67.
8. Katus, Kalev; Puur, Allan; Põldma, Asta; Sakkeus, Luule (1996). Rahvastiku ühtlusarvutatud sündmus- ja loendusstatistika: Järvamaa 1965-1990. Sari C (in Estonian and English). Tallinn: Eesti Kõrgkoolidevaheline Demouuringute Keskus. pp. 31–32. ISBN   9985-820-22-3.
9. Население районов, городов и поселков городского типа Эстонской ССР : по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения на 15 января 1970 года (in Russian). Tallinn: Eesti NSV Statistika Keskvalitsus. 1972. p. 77.
10. Eesti Vabariigi maakondade, linnade ja alevite rahvastik. 1. osa, Rahvaarv rahvuse, perekonnaseisu, hariduse ja elatusallikate järgi : 1989. a. rahvaloenduse andmed (in Estonian). Tallinn: Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet. 1990. pp. 29, 34. ISBN   978-9949-7193-2-7 – via Digar.
11. "RL222: RAHVASTIK ELUKOHA JA RAHVUSE JÄRGI". Estonian Statistical Database (in Estonian).
12. "RL0429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011". Estonian Statistical Database. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
13. "RL21429: Rahvastik Rahvuse, Soo, Vanuserühma Ja ELukoha (Haldusüksus) Järgi, 31. DETSEMBER 2021". Estonian Statistical Database (in Estonian).
14. "Climate normals-Temperature". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
15. "Climate normals-Precipitation". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
16. "Climate normals-Humidity". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
17. "Rekordid" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
18. "Kliimanormid-Sademed, õhuniiskus" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
19. "Turi Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 20 October 2024.
20. Viirand, Tiiu (2004). Estonia. Cultural Tourism. Kunst Publishers. pp. 98–99. ISBN   9949-407-18-4.