Utivarachna

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Utivarachna
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Trachelidae
Genus: Utivarachna
Kishida, 1940 [1]
Type species
U. fukasawana
Kishida, 1940
Species

17, see text

Utivarachna is a genus of Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Trachelidae first described by Kyukichi Kishida in 1940. [2] It was largely ignored until Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold revised the sac and ground spiders in 2001, transferring some species from Trachelas and adding several new ones. [3] The genus was further expanded in 2014 and 2015. [4] [5]

Species

As of April 2019 it contains seventeen species in southeast Asia: [1]

Related Research Articles

Corinnidae Family of spiders

Corinnidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called corinnid sac spiders. The family, like other "clubionoid" families, has a confusing taxonomic history. Once it was a part of the large catch-all taxon Clubionidae, now very much smaller. The original members of the family are apparently similar only in that they have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets that touch and are generally wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks.

Trachelidae Family of spiders

Trachelidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a subfamily called "Tracheleae". The Trachelidae family, also known as "ground sac spiders", is within the group of spiders known as the RTA clade, which includes mostly wandering spiders that do not use webs. Spiders in the Trachelidae family are characterized as being 3-10mm long and having a red cephalothorax and a yellow/tan abdomen. They are commonly found indoors. It was placed in the family Clubionidae, then later in Corinnidae when the Clubionidae were split up. The first study that suggested Trachelidae should be considered its own family was done by Deeleman-reinhold in 2001 as part of an analysis of RTA Clade spiders. An analysis by Martín J. Ramírez in 2014 suggested that it was not closely related to other members of the Corinnidae, and was better treated as a separate family. It was then placed in the CTC clade of spiders, or the Claw Tuft Clasper clade, which is a group of spiders that have two tarsal claws with tufts of hair.

Utivarachna arcuata is a species of spiders in the family Trachelidae found only in Yunnan Province of China. It was described in 2014 by Li Zhao and Xian-Jin Peng. Adult males reach 3.65 millimetres (0.144 in) to 5.1 millimetres (0.20 in) long, while females can be 5.85 millimetres (0.230 in) to 6.65 millimetres (0.262 in) long. It closely resembles the Thailand species Utivarachna rama, but there are several distinct differences. The back part of the palpal bulb is semi-spherical, the tip of the embolus is only about a fifth as long as the basal part, the tibial apophysis is slightly tapered, the copulatory opening is on the back of the epigyne, the back bursae are longer and thinner, and the connecting ducts are spaced farther apart. In Latin, the term "arcuata" means "curved". This name refers to the curved shape of the bottom part of embolus, the small, thin extension on the palpal bulb of the pedipalp.

Nusatidia is a genus of Asian sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.

Oedignatha is a genus of Asian spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1881 as a genus of corrinid sac spiders, and moved to Liocranidae in 2014.

Orthobula is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a member of Liocranidae. It was transferred to Corinnidae in 2002, to Phrurolithidae in 2014, and to Trachelidae in 2017.

Pristidia is a genus of Asian sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.

Pteroneta is a genus of sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.

Castoponera is a genus of Southeast Asian corinnid sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.

Echinax is a genus of Asian and African corinnid sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.

Medmassa is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1887 under the name "Megaera", later renamed because "Megaera" was already in use as a synonym of the reptile genus Trimeresurus.

Sesieutes is a genus of Asian liocranid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. It was briefly transferred to the Corinnidae in 2013, but was returned a year later due to its similarity and relation to Phrurolithus.

<i>Xyphinus</i> Genus of spiders

Xyphinus is a genus of goblin spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893.

Hitobia is a genus of Asian ground spiders that was first described by T. Kamura in 1992.

Laronius is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian ground spiders containing the single species, Laronius erewan. It was first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001, and has only been found in Thailand and in Sumatra.

Christa Laetitia Deeleman-Reinhold is a Dutch arachnologist. She specializes in spiders from Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, particularly cave-dwelling and tropical spiders. She donated a collection of about 25,000 Southeast Asian spiders, the largest collection of Southeast Asian spiders in existence, to the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden. In addition to numerous articles, she has written the book Forest Spiders of South East Asia (2001).

<i>Althepus</i> (spider) Genus of spiders

Althepus is a genus of spiders in the family Psilodercidae. It was first described in 1898 by Tamerlan Thorell. As of 2019, it contains 60 species, all from Asia.

Plynnon is a genus of Southeast Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Phrurolithidae, first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. As of April 2019 it contains only three species, all from Indonesia and Borneo.

References

  1. 1 2 "Gen. Utivarachna Kishida, 1940". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  2. Kishida, K. (1940). "Notes on two species of spiders, Doosia japonica and Utivarachna fukasawana". Acta Arachnologica. 5: 138–145. doi: 10.2476/asjaa.5.138 .
  3. Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001). Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae [sic]).
  4. Zhao, Y.; Peng, X. J. (2014). "Spiders of the genus Utivarachna from China (Araneae: Corinnidae)". Zootaxa. 3774 (6): 578–588. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3774.6.6. PMID   24871523.
  5. Jin, C.; Yin, X. C.; Zhang, F. (2015). "A new species of the genus Utivarachna Kishida, 1940 (Araneae: Trachelidae) from China, with the first description of the male of U. fabaria Zhao & Peng, 2014 and a redescription of U. gui (Zhu, Song & Kim, 1998)". Zootaxa. 4057 (4): 569–581. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4057.4.6. PMID   26701499.