Viola douglasii

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Viola douglasii
Viola douglasii.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Violaceae
Genus: Viola
Species:
V. douglasii
Binomial name
Viola douglasii

Viola douglasii is a species of violet known by the common name Douglas' violet, or Douglas' golden violet. [1] It is native to western North America from Oregon through California and into Baja California, where it grows in seasonally moist habitat, often on serpentine soils. [2] This rhizomatous herb produces a cluster of erect stems just a few centimeters in length to about 20 centimeters in maximum height. The leaf blades are deeply dissected into several narrow lobes or compound, made up of leaflets, and borne on long petioles. They are hairless to softly hairy in texture. A solitary flower is borne on a long, upright stem. It has five bright or deep yellow petals with brown veining and brown outer surfaces. The largest lowest petal may be over 2 centimeters in length.

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<i>Viola tomentosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Viola tomentosa is a species of violet known by the common names feltleaf violet and woolly violet. It is endemic to the central Sierra Nevada of California, where it occurs in various types of dry mountain forest habitat. This small herb grows from a deep taproot, reaching a maximum height of 5 to 10 centimeters. The herbage is coated with woolly hairs. The leaves have oval blades borne on petioles a few centimeters long. A solitary flower is borne on a short upright stem. It is under a centimeter long with five yellow petals. The lower three petals are veined with dark brown and the upper two are stained brown or purplish on the back sides.

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Viola flettii is a species of violet known by the common name Olympic violet. Native to the northeastern and eastern Olympic Mountains of Washington in northwestern United States, it occurs on rocky outcrops and talus at subalpine and alpine elevations, i.e., from 1,340–2,000 metres (4,400–6,560 ft), and blooms from June through August. This rhizomatous herb produces a hairless stem reaching a maximum height of a few centimeters to around 15 centimeters. The basal leaves have purple-veined green reniform blades borne on petioles. Leaves on the flower stem are similar but smaller. A solitary flower is borne on a slender upright stem. It has five purplish-violet petals with yellowish bases, the lower three with purple veins. The lateral pair are bearded as is the stigma. The spur on the lowest petal is much shorter than the petal.

References

  1. Hammond, P. C. (1983). "colonization of violets and Speyeria butterflies on the ash-pumice fields deposited by Cascadian volcanoes". Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. ISSN   0022-4324.
  2. Clausen, Jens (1964). "Cytotaxonomy and Distributional Ecology of Western North American Violets". Madroño. 17 (6): 173–197. ISSN   0024-9637. JSTOR   41423141.