Waffle iron

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Electric waffle maker. Un appareil electrique a gaufres en France en decembre 2021.jpg
Electric waffle maker.
Waffle iron held over a fire in Pieter Bruegel's The Fight Between Carnival and Lent, 1559 Pieter Bruegel waffle iron.jpg
Waffle iron held over a fire in Pieter Bruegel's The Fight Between Carnival and Lent , 1559

A waffle iron or waffle maker is a kitchen utensil used to cook waffles between two hinged metal plates. Both plates have gridded indentations to shape the waffle from the batter or dough placed between them. The plates are heated and the iron is closed while the waffle bakes. Waffles are a quick bread with a light and sweet flavor, similar to pancakes. Their appearance is much harder to achieve than a pancake's without a waffle iron. [1] Similar technology is employed to bake wafers, [2] and several other snacks including kue gapit , a waffle-shaped but crunchy Indonesian snack which can be made with both sweet and savoury flavours. [3]

Contents

History

The oublies baked by this early waffle iron were much thinner and wafer-like than modern-day waffles. Waffle iron Musee Lorrain 04.JPG
The oublies baked by this early waffle iron were much thinner and wafer-like than modern-day waffles.

Waffle irons were common in France as early as the 12th or 13th century, and became widespread in the Netherlands and the rest of Europe from the 14th century. Secular waffle irons developed alongside host presses, a similar but religious tool used to produce sacramental bread. [4] The earliest waffle irons had shallow indentations suited to baking unleavened wafers, and might better be described as wafer irons or wafer presses. [note 1] Waffle irons gained deeper indentations as leavening agents were introduced into recipes. [2] [5] There is evidence of primitive waffle irons in Sweden and Norway in Viking Age women's burials. [4]

Host press used to bake sacramental bread inscribed with religious symbols. Host presses like this developed alongside early waffle irons. Kleste na hostie detail.jpg
Host press used to bake sacramental bread inscribed with religious symbols. Host presses like this developed alongside early waffle irons.

Waffle irons were originally constructed of two hinged iron plates connected to two long, wooden handles. The plates were often made to imprint elaborate patterns on the waffle, including coats of arms, landscapes, or religious symbols. Waffles would be held at a distance and baked over the hearth fire. [6]

In 1869, American Cornelius Swartwout was the first to patent a stove-top waffle iron. While waffle irons of sorts may have existed since the 1400s, Swarthout intended to perfect the design by adding a handle and a hinge that swiveled in a cast-iron collar, [7] [8] [9] allowing the waffle-maker to flip the iron without danger of slippage or burns. [10] In 1891 John Kliembach, a German immigrant living in Shamokin, Pennsylvania, became a traveling salesman of waffles after fashioning an iron for the Mansion House Hotel. Kliembach sold waffles for a penny each or ten cents for a dozen. [11] [ self-published source ] This was popular at the Chicago World's Fair. In 1911, General Electric produced a prototype electric waffle iron, and production began around 1918. [11] Later, as the waffle iron became more prevalent, its appearance was improved. [11]

Varieties

Traditional waffle irons are attached to tongs with wooden handles and held over an open flame, or set on a stove. Most modern waffle irons are self-contained tabletop household appliances using electric heating elements controlled by internal thermostats. Electric irons can come with either removable or non-removable plates. Professional waffle irons are usually made of uncoated cast iron, whereas domestic models, particularly cast aluminum ones, are often Teflon coated. Many have a light that goes off when the iron reaches a set temperature.

Some waffle makers produce a very thin waffle, and can be used for making waffle cones or Pizzelle. While there is no set standard for waffle shapes or thicknesses, models that produce the most common shapes and thicknesses are often labeled as "traditional" or "classic". Models that make thicker and larger pocketed waffles are often labeled as "Belgian". In the US, the most common criteria for "Belgian waffles" are their thickness and pocket size, although they are also distinguished by using a base that typically includes yeasted batter and pearl sugar. [12]

Stroopwafels are thin, round waffle cookies made from two layers of sweet baked dough held together by caramel filling. [13] They are a well-known Dutch treat, popular throughout the Netherlands and the former Dutch Empire,[ citation needed ] and exported abroad.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ In many European languages, the names for waffles and wafers are the same, along with the irons used to bake them, e.g., German Waffel and Waffeleisen.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pizzelle</span> Italian waffle cookie

Pizzelle are Italian waffle cookies made with flour, eggs, sugar, butter or vegetable oil, and flavoring. Pizzelle are also known as ferratelle, nevole or catarrette in some parts of Abruzzo, as ferratelle in Lazio, and as ferratelle, cancelle or pizzelle in Molise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waffle</span> Batter- or dough-based food

A waffle is a dish made from leavened batter or dough that is cooked between two plates that are patterned to give a characteristic size, shape, and surface impression. There are many variations based on the type of waffle iron and recipe used. Waffles are eaten throughout the world, particularly in Belgium, which has over a dozen regional varieties. Waffles may be made fresh or simply heated after having been commercially cooked and frozen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancake</span> Thin round cake made of eggs, milk, and flour

A pancake, also known as a hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack, is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk, and butter, and then cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan. It is a type of batter bread. Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably eaten in prehistoric societies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Griddle</span> Type of cooking device

A griddle, in the UK typically referred to simply as a frying pan or flat top, is a cooking device consisting mainly of a broad, usually flat cooking surface. Nowadays it can be either a movable metal pan- or plate-like utensil, a flat heated cooking surface built onto a stove as a kitchen range, or a compact cooking machine with its own heating system attached to an integrated griddle acting as a cooktop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toaster</span> Domestic appliance used for toasting foods, especially bread

A toaster is a small electric appliance that uses radiant heat to brown sliced bread into toast, the color caused from the Maillard reaction. It typically consists of one or more slots into which bread is inserted, and heating elements, often made of nichrome wire, to generate heat and toast the bread to the desired level of crispiness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ice cream cone</span> Pastry

An ice cream cone (England) or poke (Ireland) is a brittle, cone-shaped pastry, usually made of a wafer similar in texture to a waffle, made so ice cream can be carried and eaten without a bowl or spoon. Many styles of cones are made, including pretzel cones, sugar-coated and chocolate-coated cones. The term ice cream cone can also refer, informally, to the cone with one or more scoops of ice cream on top.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Poffertjes</span> Traditional Dutch batter treat

Poffertjes are traditional Dutch batter cakes. Resembling small, fluffy pancakes, they are made with yeast and buckwheat flour. Typically, poffertjes are sweet treats served with powdered sugar and butter, and sometimes syrup or advocaat. A savoury variant with gouda cheese is also made.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pie iron</span> Cooking appliance

A pie iron, also called pudgy pie iron, sandwich toaster, snackwicher, toastie maker, sandwich maker, is a cooking appliance that consists of two hinged concave, round or square, cast iron or aluminium plates on long handles. Its "clamshell" design resembles that of a waffle iron, but without the checkered pattern. Pie irons are used to heat, toast and seal the sandwich.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stroopwafel</span> Waffle cookie with caramel or syrup fillings

A stroopwafel is a thin, round cookie made from two layers of sweet baked dough held together by syrup filling. First made in the city of Gouda in South Holland, stroopwafels are a well-known Dutch treat popular throughout the Netherlands and abroad.

Hamilton Beach Brands Holding Company is an American designer, marketer and distributor of home appliances and commercial restaurant equipment marketed primarily in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, including blenders, mixers, toasters, slow cookers, clothes irons, and air purifiers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian bread</span> Wide variety of flatbreads and crêpes which are an integral part of Indian cuisine

Indian breads are a wide variety of flatbreads and crêpes which are an integral part of Indian cuisine. Their variation reflects the diversity of Indian culture and food habits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kue semprong</span> Indonesian traditional cookies

Kue semprong, Asian egg roll, sapit, sepit, kue Belanda, or kapit, is an Indonesian traditional wafer snack made by clasping egg batter using an iron mold which is heated up on a charcoal stove. It is commonly found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cornelius Swartwout</span> American inventor (1839–1910)

Cornelius Swartwout was an American inventor who filed an early US patent related to waffle irons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Betawi cuisine</span> Cuisine of the Betawi people of Jakarta, Indonesia

Betawi cuisine is rich, diverse and eclectic, in part because the Betawi people that create them were composed from numbers of regional immigrants that came from various places in the Indonesian archipelago, as well as Chinese, Indian, Arab, and European traders, visitors and immigrants that were attracted to the port city of Batavia since centuries ago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ijzerkoekje</span> Soft cookie from the Netherlands baked on a checkered iron plate

An ijzerkoekje is a soft cookie, traditionally eaten by Dutch fishermen, especially in Vlaardingen, one of the main harbours of the Netherlands during the 19th and 20th centuries. It is an oval cookie around 0.6-0.7 cm thick with a cinnamon 'creamy' taste. The cookies were invented in the city of Vlaardingen and are baked on a checkered iron plate, creating a characteristic waffle-like pattern, similar to stroopwafels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kue rangi</span> Indonesian coconut waffle

Kue rangi or also called sagu rangi is an Indonesian coconut kue or traditional snack made of a coconut and starch-based batter and cooked in a special molded pan. It is one of the traditional Betawi snack of Jakarta. Kue rangi often described as Indonesian coconut waffle.

Lukken are thin dessert waffles, traditionally made in West Flanders to celebrate the New Year and other feasts. Compared to other traditional waffles, lukken is made with more sugar, and since sugar was historically a luxury good, lukken was associated with the nobility and with celebrations. Jules Destrooper popularized a version of lukken called butter waffles.

References

  1. ↑ Mifflin, Mariette. "Waffle Maker - Definition and Use". The Spruce. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 Eschner, Kat. "These Beautiful Medieval Wafer Presses Are Where Waffles Come From". Smithsonian Magazine.
  3. ↑ Ida Romlah (4 August 2014). "Terus Berinovasi dengan Rasa Kue Gapit" [Always Innovating with Flavors of Kue Gapit]. Kompas (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  4. 1 2 Ernst Thiele (1968). "Waffeleisen und Waffelgebäck. Geschichte, Stilentwicklung, Ikonographie." [Waffle irons and waffle pastries]. Kunstgeschichte des Backwerks (in German).
  5. ↑ Wells, Jeff (24 August 2016). "From Wafel Wafers to Belgian Breakfasts: A Brief History of Waffles". Mental Floss. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  6. ↑ Helene Siegel (1 September 1996). Totally pancakes and waffles cookbook. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN   978-0-89087-804-0 . Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  7. ↑ Who was who in America: a companion biographical reference work to Who's who in America. Marquis-Who's Who. 1967. p. 58. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  8. ↑ "Cornelius Swartwout: Inventor of the Waffle Iron". The Swarthout Family. Mark Swarthout. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  9. ↑ USpatent 94043,Cornelius Swartwout,"Waffle-iron",issued 1869-08-24
  10. ↑ Rushing, Erin. "Waffle Iron Patented". Unbound. Smithsonian Library. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  11. 1 2 3 George, William (2003). Antique Electric Waffle Irons 1900-1960: A History of the Appliance Industry in 20th Century America. Trafford Publishing. p. 13. ISBN   9781553956327. (For the GE 1911 model description, p. 74, click here)
  12. ↑ Purvis, Kathleen (17 May 2011). "What's the difference between a regular waffle and a Belgium waffle?". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  13. ↑ Stroopwafel. Van Dale Taalweb. Retrieved on 2 January 2008. (in Dutch) Archived 18 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
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