White Polish

Last updated

White Polish
Total population
571,762 (United Kingdom) [1] [2]
61,201 (Scotland)
Regions with significant populations
Aberdeen  · Edinburgh  · Fife  · North East Scotland
Languages
British English  · Polish
Religion
Predominantly Christianity
Related ethnic groups
Other White people

White Polish is an ethnicity classification used in Scotland at the 2011 United Kingdom Census. In the census, the White Polish population stood 571,762 in the whole United Kingdom, 61,201 of which were in Scotland which was 1.16% of the total population of Scotland at the time. [1] [3]

Contents

In England and Wales, the category is not its own section like Scotland meaning write in answers for "White Polish" are designated under the broader Other White group. [4]

The Scottish Government's policy since 2011, however, has been to include "White Polish" as a specific subgrouping of the 5,084,407 white people recorded in Scotland at the last UK census. Other subgroupings in Scotland's census are "White Scottish", "White Other British", "White Irish", "White Gypsy / Traveller", and "White Other White". [4] [5] [6]

Terminology

Local government, NHS and police

Outside of the national census, many county councils additionally use the "White Polish" category in local statistics, as do Police Scotland, [7] [8] and regional health boards of NHS Scotland. [9] Some of the local governments that use the category include Angus Council [10] and Dundee City Council. [6]

Demographics

White Polish population pyramid in 2021 (in England and Wales) White Polish population pyramid 2021.svg
White Polish population pyramid in 2021 (in England and Wales)

Population and distribution

The distribution of people who consider themselves to be White Polish is most concentrated in North East Scotland, with up to 3 per cent in Aberdeen at the 2011 census. Edinburgh had around a 3 per cent White Polish populace, and Dundee a 1.4 per cent, [6] at the latest census. [11] As of June 2015, around 3,000 people who identified with the category resided in Fife, which amounted to 0.8% the county's population. [12]

Despite there being a long history of Polish immigration to Scotland, [11] and therefore Polish ancestry within the country, data from the 2011 census suggests that the Scottish-born White Polish population were overwhelming the children of recent Polish migrants. Analyzed in Scottish Affairs , 80 per cent of White Polish infants were under the age of 3, suggesting that Scottish residents with Polish ancestry dating further back (such as the significant migrations of Poles during and after World War II) were most likely identifying as White Scottish. [13]

As the category was introduced in 2011, in statistical research White Polish data is sometimes compared with the category of Other White for pre-2011 analysis. [14]

Economic status and language

In the 2011 census results, at 56 per cent; White Polish people were most likely to be working as a full-time employee. The data also showed that people who self-identified as White Polish were most likely to be economically active in Scotland, at rate of 86 per cent of the group. [15] In 2020, a Global Health Policy Unit publication identified 35 per cent of the grouping as working in "elementary occupations", which linked this to health risks, such as disproportionate exposure to COVID-19. [16]

In 2011, the General Register Office for Scotland found that 1 per cent of the population used the Polish language at home exclusively, which was around the same percentage as use of Scots, and twice that of Scottish Gaelic. [17]

Religion

Statistically, White Polish are more likely to be Christian than other religions. According to the 2011 UK Census, 49,537 White Polish (nearly 81%) are Christian in Scotland, the vast majority of which are Roman Catholic (46,963 persons), with smaller representations being Church of Scotland (524 persons), and 2,050 registering as "Other Christian". [18]

ReligionPercentage of White Polish population [18] Number
Gold Christian Cross no Red.svg Christianity 80.94%49,537
No religion11.30%6,916
Star of David.svg Judaism 0.06%39
Star and Crescent.svg Islam 0.21%130
Dharma Wheel.svg Buddhism 0.15%95
Om.svg Hinduism 0.01%9
Khanda.svg Sikhism >0.01%4
Not Stated7.17%4,393
Other religions0.13%78
Total100%61,201

Social and health issues

Discrimination

Between 2013 and 2014, Police Scotland data showed that up to 14 per cent of victims of racist incidents fell under the category of White Polish. [7] Between April and June 2015, Police Scotland Forth Valley division's statistics (covering Clackmannanshire, Falkirk and Stirling) found that those defined as "White Polish" were the victims in 4.8% of the recorded hate crime-related incidents. [8]

In 2020, the Daily Record reported accounts from former students of racial discrimination directed towards people who identified as, or were perceived to be, White Polish, at St Augustine's R.C. High School in Edinburgh. [19]

Health

Scottish residents in the White Polish category generally reported good health under the age of 65. Both men and women, who listed themselves as White Polish, recorded almost half the rates of ill health than those of men and women identifying as White Scottish. [20] A 2019 Ethnicity & Health analysis also demonstrated better health among the White Polish population compared with White Scottish data. [21]

Between 12 March and 14 June 2020, of the 4,070 recorded COVID-19-involved deaths in Scotland, the White Polish group had one of the lowest shares at less than 0.1%, compared with White Irish at 1.3%, and White Scottish at 88.6%. [22] In May 2020, a University of Edinburgh report associated the group's tendency to "elementary occupations" with risk of exposure to the virus. [16]

Housing

In 2011, people in the category of White Polish were most likely to experience overcrowding in Scottish households. [15]

[2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Irish Travellers</span> Traditionally nomadic people of ethnic Irish origin

Irish Travellers, also known as Pavees,Mincéirs or Mincéirí, are a traditionally peripatetic indigenous ethno-cultural group originating in Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demography of Wales</span>

Demographics of Wales include the numbers in population, place of birth, age, ethnicity, religion, and number of marriages in Wales.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2001 United Kingdom census</span> Nationwide census in the United Kingdom in 2001

A nationwide census, known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday, 29 April 2001. This was the 20th UK census and recorded a resident population of 58,789,194.

The United Kingdom is an ethnically diverse society. The largest ethnic group in the United Kingdom is White British, followed by Asian British. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom is formally recorded at the national level through a census. The 2011 United Kingdom census recorded a reduced share of White British people in the United Kingdom from the previous 2001 United Kingdom census. Factors that are contributing to the growth of minority populations are varied in nature, including differing birth rates and Immigration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ladybank</span> Human settlement in Scotland

Ladybank is a village and former burgh of Fife, Scotland. It is about 62 kilometres (39 mi) north of Edinburgh, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Cupar, close to the River Eden. Its 2006 population was estimated at 1,582.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black British people</span> British people of African descent

Black British people are a multi-ethnic group of British citizens of either African or Afro-Caribbean descent. The term Black British developed in the 1950s, referring to the Black British West Indian people from the former Caribbean British colonies in the West Indies sometimes referred to as the Windrush Generation and people from Africa, who are residents of the United Kingdom and are British citizens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demography of Scotland</span>

The demography of Scotland includes all aspects of population, past and present, in the area that is now Scotland. Scotland had a population of 5,463,300 in 2019. The population growth rate in 2011 was estimated as 0.6% per annum according to the 2011 GROS Annual Review.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White British</span> Ethnic classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census

White British is an ethnicity classification used for the native white population identifying as English, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Northern Irish, or British in the United Kingdom Census. In the 2011 census, the White British population was 49,997,686, 81.5% of Great Britain's total population. For the United Kingdom entirely, due to different reporting measures within Northern Ireland which includes all those who identified as British with those who identified as Irish, an amalgamated total of 52,320,080 including those who identified as White Irish in Great Britain is given making up 82.8% of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)</span> Ethnicity category

Mixed is an ethnic group category that was first introduced by the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics for the 2001 Census. Colloquially, it refers to British citizens or residents whose parents are of two or more races or ethnic backgrounds. The Mixed or Multiple ethnic group in England and Wales numbered 1.7 million in the 2021 census, 2.9% of the population.

A number of different systems of classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom exist. These schemata have been the subject of debate, including about the nature of ethnicity, how or whether it can be categorised, and the relationship between ethnicity, race, and nationality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Other White</span> Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom

The term Other White, or White Other, is a classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom, used in documents such as the 2021 United Kingdom Census, to describe people who identify as white persons who are not of the English, Welsh, Scottish, Gypsy, Roma, Irish or Irish Traveller ethnic groupings. In Scotland, the term Other White is also used to refer collectively to those not of Scottish or Other British ethnicity, in which case it also includes those of a Gypsy, Roma, Irish or Irish Traveller background.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demography of Northern Ireland</span>

Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four components of the United Kingdom in terms of both area and population, containing 2.9% of the total population and 5.7% of the total area of the United Kingdom. It is the smaller of the two political entities on the island of Ireland by area and population, the other being the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland contains 27.1% of the total population and 16.75% of the total area of the island of Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Irish</span> Ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census

White Irish is an ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census. In the 2011 census, the White Irish population was 585,177 or 1% of Great Britain's total population.

Scottish Asian is a term defined within the 2011 Scottish census as including people of Bangladeshi, Chinese, Indian, Pakistani or other Asian ancestry resident in Scotland. Their parents or grandparents are normally Asian immigrants. It can also refer to people who are of dual Scottish and Asian ancestry. It combines Asian ethnic background with Scottish national identity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scottish people</span> Ethnic group native to Scotland

The Scottish people or Scots are an ethnic group and nation native to Scotland. Historically, they emerged in the early Middle Ages from an amalgamation of two Celtic peoples, the Picts and Gaels, who founded the Kingdom of Scotland in the 9th century. In the following two centuries, Celtic-speaking Cumbrians of Strathclyde and Germanic-speaking Angles of Northumbria became part of Scotland. In the High Middle Ages, during the 12th-century Davidian Revolution, small numbers of Norman nobles migrated to the Lowlands. In the 13th century, the Norse-Gaels of the Western Isles became part of Scotland, followed by the Norse of the Northern Isles in the 15th century.

Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England in the United Kingdom. At the 2011 census it had a population of 532,000. Cornwall is the homeland of the Cornish people, and many within Cornwall identify with a Cornish ethnic or national identity, although, due to Cornwall's political status as part of England and the United Kingdom, as well as in-migration from other parts of the UK and EU, additional identities such as English, British, and European may also be adopted.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Gypsy or Irish Traveller</span> Ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census

White Gypsy or Irish Traveller is an ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census. In the 2011 census, the White Gypsy or Irish Traveller population was 63,193 or about 0.1 per cent of the total population of the country. The ethnicity category may encompass populace from the distinct ethnic groups of Romanichal Travellers or Irish Travellers, and their respective related subgroupings, who identify as, or are perceived to be, white people in the United Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White people in the United Kingdom</span> Racial and multi-ethnic group

White people in the United Kingdom are a multi-ethnic group of UK residents who identify as and are perceived to be 'white people'. White people constitute the historical and current majority of the people living in the United Kingdom, with 87.2% of the population identifying as white in the 2011 United Kingdom census.

Mixed White and Black African people in the United Kingdom are a multi-ethnic and biracial group of UK-residents who identify with, or are perceived to have, both White and Black African ancestry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethnic minorities in Scotland</span>

In the 2011 Scottish census conducted by the Scottish Government, Scotland's population was recorded to be 96% White, a 2% decrease from the previous census held in 2001. 91.8% of Scotland's population claimed to be White Scottish or White: Other British, whilst 4.2% were recorded as Polish, Irish, Gypsy/Traveller or ‘White: Other’. The recorded population of Asian, African, Caribbean or Black, Mixed or Other ethnic groups doubled to 4% in the 2011 census.

References

  1. 1 2 Table 2 - Ethnic groups, Scotland, 2001 and 2011 Scotlands Census published 30 September 2013, Accessed 13 June 2014.
  2. 1 2 Data taken from 2011 census table on NOMIS QS211EW titled 'Ethnic Group (detailed)' on write in ethnic groups that do not constitute their own separate section in the default ethnicity figures.
  3. ↑ "Ethnic Minority Population in North Lanarkshire". North Lanarkshire Council.
  4. 1 2 "List of ethnic groups". UK Government. Scotland: The ethnicity question in the 2011 Census in Scotland asked respondents to choose from the following 19 ethnic groups: White; White Scottish; Other White British; White Irish; Gypsy / Traveller; White Polish; Other
  5. ↑ Suzi Macpherson (9 June 2015). "SPICe Briefing: Ethnicity and Employment" (PDF). Scottish Parliament Information Centre. The current Scottish policy focus on ethnicity, for example, classifies people as "white" (including "white Scottish", "white British", "Irish" and "Polish") ... The largest group of the non-Scottish "white" population were "other British" (7.9%), while the white ethnicities, "Irish" and "Polish", each represented just over one per cent of the Scottish population ... Annexe 1 – The Scottish Population by Ethnicity - White: Polish; 61,201; 1.16%
  6. 1 2 3 "About Dundee 2018: statistics, demographics, general reference material" (PDF). Dundee City Council. 2018. Ethnicity: White: Polish; People: 1,990; Percentage 1.4%
  7. 1 2 "Rise in 'white British' racism incidents in Scotland". BBC. 24 November 2015. A total of 14% of victims were classed as "other white" - including "white Polish" and "white Irish" - and 13.1% were African, Caribbean or another black ethnic background.
  8. 1 2 "Multi-Agency Hate Response Strategy - Quarter 1 - (2015/2016) Incident Report - April - June 2015" (PDF). Central Scotland Regional Equality Council. 2016. p. 7. Table 5
  9. ↑ "NHSGGC Director of Public Health Report 2015/17" (PDF). NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. 2015.
  10. ↑ "Locality Plan Discussion Document April - July 2017" (PDF). Angus Council. 2017. Carnoustie Population Statistics: Ethnicity: White Polish 0.2% ... Monifieth & Sidlaw Population Statistics: White Polish 0.3%
  11. 1 2 "Scotland and Poland - a 500 year relationship". The Scotsman . 24 March 2016. Today, the North East has one of the highest concentration of Polish nationals with three per cent of the population of Aberdeen recorded as white Polish, the same proportion of Edinburgh. The figure for Scotland is 1.2 per cent.
  12. ↑ "Fife Population; an analysis by protected characteristics" (PDF). Fife Council. June 2015. p. 4. A new category for the 2011 Census showed that there were just over 3,000 persons living in Fife who stated they were 'White Polish', 0.8% of the total population.
  13. ↑ Ross Bond (January 2017). "Minorities and Diversity in Scotland: Evidence from the 2011 Census". Scottish Affairs . Vol. 26. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 23–47. Further analysis of microdata suggests that the vast majority of the Scottish-born White Polish are the young children of recent Polish migrants rather than, e.g. offspring of migrants from previous eras, because nearly 80% are infants aged 3 or under.
  14. ↑ Ludi Simpson (May 2014). "How has ethnic diversity changed in Scotland?". Dynamics of Diversity: Evidence From The 2011 Census (PDF). Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. p. 4. We have combined White Gypsy/Traveller and White Polish with Other White, and Arab with Other, for better comparability with 2001.
  15. 1 2 "Poles 'most economically active ethnic group' in Scotland". BBC. 26 March 2015. The report found that those who identified themselves as "White: Polish" were the most likely to work full-time as an employee (56%) and were also the most likely to be economically active (86%) ... "White: Polish", "Bangladeshi" and "African" households had the highest rates of overcrowding.
  16. 1 2 Kaveri Qureshi; Nasar Meer; Ben Kastan; Sarah Hill; Emma Hill (14 May 2020). "Submission of evidence on the disproportionate impact of Covid-10 on ethnic minorities in Scotland". Global Health Policy Unit. p. 5. Ethnic minorities in Scotland are concentrated in the lowest paid occupations, particularly the White Polish group (with 35% employed in elementary occupations)
  17. ↑ "Ethnicity, Identity, Language and Religion". General Register Office for Scotland. 2011. Together, minority ethnic groups and white non-British groups (which include 'White: Irish', 'White: Polish', 'White: Gypsy/ Traveller' and 'White: Other white') made up 8% of the total population ... In 2011, most (93%) people in Scotland aged 3 and over reported that they used only English at home. Scots and Polish (each 1%) and Gaelic (0.5%) were the most common languages other than English reported as being used at home.
  18. 1 2 Scotland's Census 2011. "Table DC2201SC - Ethnic group by religion" (Spreadsheet). National Records of Scotland.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  19. ↑ Ellie Forbes; Tara Fitzpatrick (6 July 2020). "Racist abuse including 'monkey' and 'slave' slurs reported by former pupils of Scots school". Daily Record. Students from Asian, Black and White-Polish communities give accounts of being subjected to racial stereotypes
  20. ↑ "Equality, Poverty and Social Security" (PDF). Government of Scotland.
  21. ↑ Mirjam Allik; Denise Brown; Ruth Dundas; Alastair H Leyland (July 2019). "Differences in ill health and in socioeconomic inequalities in health by ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study using 2011 Scottish census". Ethnicity & Health . Taylor & Francis. pp. 1–19. The results show that the White Scottish population tend to have worse health and higher socioeconomic inequalities in health than many other ethnic groups, while White Polish and Chinese people tend to have better health and low socioeconomic inequalities in health.
  22. ↑ "Analysis of deaths involving coronavirus (COVID-19) in Scotland, by ethnic group" (PDF). National Records of Scotland. 8 July 2020. p. 3.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.