| Xenonectriella subimperspicua | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Hypocreales |
| Family: | Nectriaceae |
| Genus: | Xenonectriella |
| Species: | X. subimperspicua |
| Binomial name | |
| Xenonectriella subimperspicua (Speg.) Etayo (2017) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Xenonectriella subimperspicua is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It has been recorded from South America, Europe, and New Zealand. [2]
The fungus was first formally described by Carlo Luigi Spegazzini in 1898 as a member of genus Nectria . Spegazzini collected the type specimen from South America, where it was growing on Punctelia constantimontium . [3] In 1984, Rolf Santesson proposed to transfer the taxon to genus Nectriella . [4] Rosalind Lowen transferred it and several other lichenicolous species to Pronectria in 1990. [5] Finally, Javier Etayo transferred the species to the genus Xenonectriella in 2017, giving it the binomial name by which it is currently known. [6]
One of its hosts is the common foliose lichen species Punctelia borreri . Infection by X. subimperspicua creates discoloured or bleached areas on the thallus of the host; [7] the perithecia of the fungus then become more readily visible. [2] Two varieties of Xenonectriella subimperspicua have been defined: var. subimperspicua mostly parasitizes Parmelia and Punctelia but has also been recorded on Physcia , while var. degenerans parasitizes Parmotrema . [8]
The Ostropales are an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. The order was circumscribed by Swedish botanist John Axel Nannfeldt in 1932. The order contains 4 families and 46 genera, including 6 genera of uncertain familial placement.
Lichenochora is a genus of fungi in the family Phyllachoraceae. It has 44 species. All species in the genus are lichenicolous, meaning they grow parasitically on lichens. The genus was circumscribed by Josef Hafellner in 1989, with Lichenochora thallina assigned as the type species.
Merismatium is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi of uncertain familial placement in the order Verrucariales. The genus was circumscribed in 1898 by Friedrich Wilhelm Zopf.
Pronectria is a genus of fungi in the family Bionectriaceae. It consists of 44 species, all of which are lichenicolous. The genus was circumscribed by American plant ecologist Frederic Clements in 1931.
Punctelia is a genus of foliose lichens belonging to the large family Parmeliaceae. The genus, which contains about 50 species, was segregated from genus Parmelia in 1982. Characteristics that define Punctelia include the presence of hook-like to thread-like conidia, simple rhizines, and point-like pseudocyphellae. It is this last feature that is alluded to in the vernacular names speckled shield lichens or speckleback lichens.
Abrothallus is a genus of lichenicolous fungi. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Abrothallaceae, which itself is the sole taxon in the order Abrothallales.
Rhymbocarpus is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi in the family Cordieritidaceae. It has 10 species. The genus was circumscribed by German mycologist Friedrich Wilhelm Zopf in 1896, with Rhymbocarpus punctiformis assigned as the type species.
Skyttella is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Cordieritidaceae. It contains two species. The genus was circumscribed in 1988 by David Leslie Hawksworth and Rolf Santesson, with Skyttella mulleri assigned as the type species. This species, which parasitizes the lobes of foliose lichens in the genus Peltigera, was previously classified in the genus Phacopsis. Skyttella stictae, an Ecuadorian species that grows on Sticta, was added to the genus in 2017.
Phacopsis is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi. They are parasites of members of the large lichen family Parmeliaceae, of which they are also a member. Originally proposed by Edmond Tulasne in 1852 to contain 3 species, Phacopsis now contains 10 species, although historically, 33 taxa have been described in the genus. Many of the species are poorly known, some of them having been documented only from the type specimen.
Xenonectriella is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Nectriaceae. The genus was circumscribed by lichenologist Josef Karl Weese in 1919, with Xenonectriella lutescens assigned as the type species.
Rolf Santesson (1916–2013) was a Swedish lichenologist and university lecturer. He was awarded the Acharius Medal in 1992 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
Corticifraga is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. The genus was circumscribed by David Leslie Hawksworth and Rolf Santesson in 1990, with Corticifraga peltigerae assigned as the type species.
Ovicuculispora parmeliae is a widely distributed species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Bionectriaceae. It is parasitic on many foliose lichen species, particularly those in the family Parmeliaceae.
Zhurbenkoa is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Malmideaceae. It has three species. The genus was circumscribed in 2019 by Adam Flakus, Javier Etayo, Sergio Pérez-Ortega, and Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus, with Zhurbenkoa epicladonia assigned as the type species. Closely related genera are Savoronala and Sprucidea. The generic name honours Russian lichenologist Mikhail Zhurbenko, "for his magnificent contribution to knowledge on the biodiversity and systematics of lichenicolous fungi, including lichen parasites colonizing Cladonia".
Lichenotubeufia is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Tubeufiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Spanish mycologist and lichenologist Javier Etayo in 2017, with Lichenotubeufia eriodermatis assigned as the type species.
Neoechinodiscus kozhevnikovii is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the order Helotiales. It is known to occur in Russia, Austria, and Switzerland, where it grows parasitically on lichens in genus Cetraria.
Rhagadostoma is a genus of fungi in the family Nitschkiaceae. All species in the genus are lichenicolous, meaning they live parasitically on lichens.
Lichenoverruculina is a fungal genus in the family Hyponectriaceae and order Amphisphaeriales. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Lichenoverruculina sigmatospora. which was published in Herzogia vol.24 (2) on page 274 in 2011.