Zachrysia provisoria | |
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Zachrysia provisoria in Indian Rocks Beach, Florida | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Order: | Stylommatophora |
Family: | Zachrysiidae |
Genus: | Zachrysia |
Species: | Z. provisoria |
Binomial name | |
Zachrysia provisoria (Pfeiffer, 1858) | |
Zachrysia provisoria, the Cuban brown snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Zachrysiidae. [1]
This species is already established in the USA and is considered to represent a potentially serious threat as a pest, an invasive species which could negatively affect agriculture, natural ecosystems, human health or commerce. Therefore, it has been suggested that this species be given top national quarantine significance in the USA. [2]
The shell is medium-sized (25–30 mm width), globose in shape with 4 to 5 whorls. The spire is not very pointed. The apertural lip, or the lip of the shell at its opening, is thick and slightly reflected, or tilting upwards. [3]
The shell is generally very smooth, clean, and even shiny. Typically, the shell is a rich, dark tan and may have light brown streaks. Older shells may fade to a yellowish brown. The mantle is speckled black and can be seen if the shell is translucent. [4]
A very similar species of snail is Zachrysia trinitaria (Pfeiffer). Adults of Z. trinitaria can be distinguished from Z. provisoria by their large size, since they are 1.5 to 2.0 times bigger than Z. provisoria. [4]
The native distribution of the snail is Cuba. Along with others in its subgenus, the snail is believed to be found in eastern and central Cuba, especially in the Granma Province. [5]
However, the current distribution of Z. provisoria includes:
This species lives among leaf litter and among ornamental plants. [4] In its native habitat it is usually found in shady ravines, near leaf litter, shrubby areas, and hiding around rocks. [5] The snail prefers tropical climates, but can tolerate cool, dry winters. The snail will live in forested areas and even mountainous regions, provided there is a high level of moisture. [6]
Like other terrestrial snails Z. provisoria may use love-darts while mating. [7]
Zachrysia provisoria is a polyphagous snail attacking a wide range of agricultural and horticultural plants. Known host plants include Bougainvillea , various citrus species, crepe myrtle, mango and star fruit (carambola). The snails can rasp the bark and epiderm of cuttings of several plants. [4]
This snail is often exported by accident from Florida to other areas and poses a quarantine problem for Florida. [4]
Limax maximus, known by the common names great grey slug and leopard slug, is a species of slug in the family Limacidae, the keeled slugs. It is among the largest keeled slugs, Limax cinereoniger being the largest.
The decollate snail, scientific name Rumina decollata, is a medium-sized predatory land snail, a species of terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. It originated in the Mediterranean but has been introduced in a number of areas worldwide. It was recently found to represent a species complex.
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells. However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.
Bradybaena similaris, the Asian trampsnail, is a species of small, invasive land snail. It is a pulmonate gastropod terrestrial mollusc in the family Bradybaenidae. It earned the common name based on its origins, and its habit of roosting on freight containers. This habit means that this may be one of the most broadly-distributed species of terrestrial snail in the world. Bradybaena similaris is the type species of the genus Bradybaena.
Euglandina is a genus of predatory medium- to large-sized, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Spiraxidae.
The Veronicellidae, also known by their common name the leatherleaf slugs, are a family of pulmonate terrestrial slugs.
Theba pisana, common names the white garden snail, sand hill snail, white Italian snail, Mediterranean coastal snail, and simply just the Mediterranean snail, is an edible species of medium-sized, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.
Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word slug is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs.
Pleurodontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.
Veronicella sloanii, commonly called the pancake slug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial, pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.
Tanychlamys indica, also known as the horntail snail is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk, in the family Ariophantidae.
Triboniophorus is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Athoracophoridae, the leaf-veined slugs.
Pommerhelix monacha is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.
Ovachlamys fulgens is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicarionidae.
Amphibulima patula is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Amphibulimidae.
Zachrysia is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Zachrysiidae
Caracolus marginella is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurodontidae.
Zachrysia auricoma is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Zachrysiidae.
Cathaica fasciola is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae, which is similar to Cathaica pyrrhozona on shell morphology.
This article incorporates public domain text, a public domain work of the United States Government from the reference. [4]