Zerynthia

Zerynthia
Zerynthia specimens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Tribe:	Zerynthiini
Genus:	Zerynthia Ochsenheimer, 1816
Species
See text
Synonyms
See text

For Zerynthia the epithet of Aphrodite, see Aphrodite.

Zerynthia is a genus of swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae. The genus has a complex history; a multiplicity of names have been applied to its species.

Species

Zerynthia consists of the following species: ^[1]

Eggs	Caterpillar	Butterfly	Scientific name	Distribution
			Zerynthia polyxena - (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [2]	southern Europe (southeastern France, Italy, Slovakia and Greece) covering all the Balkans and reaching the south of Kazakhstan and the Urals.
			Zerynthia rumina - (Linnaeus, 1758) [3]	North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and southern France.

Taxonomy

See Ackery (1975), Larsen (1973), Kuhna (1977) ^[4] Kocak (1975, 1977) ^{[5] [6]} , de Freina (1979) ^[7] Vazrick Nazari and Felix A. H. Sperling (2007). ^[8] Ackery (1975) pointed out that Zerynthia is a junior synonym of Parnalius Rafinesque, 1815 published as a replacement name for the preoccupied Thais Fabricius and moreover correctly listed by Sherborne (1929) Neave (1940) and Cowan (1970). Parnalius has subsequently been suppressed cf. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 36 (1979): 102)

Synonymy

• Zerynthia Ochsenheimer, 1816
• ThaisFabricius, 1807 (Systema glossatorum: XI): typus moneat.; junior homonym of Thais Roding, 1789.
• ThaisFabricius, 1807 (Mag. fur Insektenkunde 6: 283) type Papilio hypsiphyleFabricius by monotypy.
• ParnaliusRafinesque, 1815 (Analyse Nat.: 128) type by Art. 67 (1): Papilio hypsiphyleFabricius.
• ZerynthiaOchsenheimer, 1816 (Schmett. Europ. 4: 128) type polyxenaSchiff, selected by Scudder; n.n. pro ThaisFabricius. subspecies polyxena , medisicaste, rumina.
• Eugraphis(Dalman i.l.) Billberg, 1820 (Ennum. Ins.: 75) type hypsiphyleFabricius by monotypy.
• ZerinthiaSodovsky, 1837 (Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou. 1834 (10): 82: nom. emend. pro Zerynthia Ochs.
• Cerynthia Staudinger, 1861 (Staudinger and Wocke: Cat. Lep. Europ. (1): 1: nom. emend.
• Zerynthyia Zerny, 1927 (Eos, Madrid 3: 313): nom. emend.
• ThaysRocci, 1928 (Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital. 10: 55): nom. emend.
• Allancastria Bryk, 1934 (Parnassiana 2: 104) type cerisyi Godart by monotypy: synonymised by Ackery, 1975. NOTE: subsequent researchers have typically not considered Allancastria to be a synonym, and treat it either as a valid genus (e.g. ^{[9] [10]} ) or as a valid subgenus within Zerynthia (e.g. ^[11] ).

References

1. Catalogue of Life:2009; Geraadpleegd op 20-11-2009 ^{[ permanent dead link ]}
2. [Denis, J. N. C. M. & Schiffermüller, I.] (1775) Ankündung [sic] eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend. [frontispiece], [title page], 323 pp., Augustin Bernardi, Wien.
3. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Vol. 1 (Animalia), Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm].
4. Kuhna, P. 1977 Über Allancastria in Kleinasien (Lep. Papilionidae). Atalanta 8 (2): 99-107 (11 figs .).
5. Koçak, A.Ö., 1975, New Lepidoptera from Turkey-II. Atalanta 6 (1): 50-55, 10 figs.7.
6. Koçak, A.Ö., 1977, New Lepidoptera from Turkey V. Atalanta 7 (2): 126-146, 47 Abb, 1 map.
7. De Freina, J.J. (1979) Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Allan-castria unter Berücksichtigung der Arten A. cerisyund A. deyrollei (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 89: 129-142.
8. Vazrick Nazari and Felix A. H. Sperling, 2007 Mitochondrial DNA divergence and phylogeography in western Palaearctic Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae): How many species are there? Insect systematics & evolution 38(2):121-138 · April 2007 Download Available from Researchgate
9. Sala, G., Bollino, M. (1994) Allancastria cerisyi Godart, 1822 in the Balkans: new subspecies and critical notes on the existing populations (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Atalanta (Würzburg) 25: 151-160
10. Nazari, V., Zakharov, E.V., and Sperling, F.A.H., 2007. Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and taxonomic ranking of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) based on morphology and seven genes. Molecular phylogenetics and Evolution, 42: 131-156 Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in English)
11. Fauan Europaea

External links

• Tree of Life